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Liu H, Liu H, Su L, Zheng J, Feng H, Liu Y, Yu M, Han D. Four Novel PAX9 Variants and the PAX9-Related Non-Syndromic Tooth Agenesis Patterns. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158142. [PMID: 35897718 PMCID: PMC9331840 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to investigate and identify PAX9 gene variants in four Chinese families with non-syndromic tooth agenesis. We identified pathogenic gene variants by whole-exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing and then studied the effects of these variants on function by bioinformatics analysis and in vitro experiments. Four novel PAX9 heterozygous variants were identified: two missense variants (c.191G > T (p.G64V) and c.350T > G (p.V117G)) and two frameshift variants (c.352delC (p.S119Pfs*2) and c.648_649insC(p.Y217Lfs*100)). The bioinformatics analysis showed that these variants might be pathogenic. The tertiary structure analysis showed that these four variants could cause structural damage to PAX9 proteins. In vitro functional studies demonstrated that (1) the p.Y217Lfs*100 variant greatly affects mRNA stability, thereby affecting endogenous expression; (2) the p. S119Pfs* 2 variant impairs the subcellular localization of the nuclear expression of the wild-type PAX9 protein; and (3) the four variants (p.G64V, p.V117G, p.S119Pfs*2, and p.Y217Lfs*100) all significantly affect the downstream transcriptional activity of the BMP4 gene. In addition, we summarized and analyzed tooth missing positions caused by PAX9 variants and found that the maxillary second molar (84.11%) and mandibular second molar (84.11%) were the most affected tooth positions by summarizing and analyzing the PAX9-related non-syndromic tooth agenesis positions. Our results broaden the variant spectrum of the PAX9 gene related to non-syndromic tooth agenesis and provide useful information for future genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Miao Yu
- Correspondence: (M.Y.); (D.H.); Fax: +86-10-8210-5259 (M.Y.); +86-10-6217-3402 (D.H.)
| | - Dong Han
- Correspondence: (M.Y.); (D.H.); Fax: +86-10-8210-5259 (M.Y.); +86-10-6217-3402 (D.H.)
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Lu T, Park S, Zhu J, Wang Y, Zhan X, Wang X, Wang L, Zhu H, Wang T. Overcoming Expressional Drop-outs in Lineage Reconstruction from Single-Cell RNA-Sequencing Data. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108589. [PMID: 33406427 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell lineage tracing provides crucial insights into the fates of individual cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is commonly applied in modern biomedical research, but genetics-based lineage tracing for scRNA-seq data is still unexplored. Variant calling from scRNA-seq data uniquely suffers from "expressional drop-outs," including low expression and allelic bias in gene expression, which presents significant obstacles for lineage reconstruction. We introduce SClineager, which infers accurate evolutionary lineages from scRNA-seq data by borrowing information from related cells to overcome expressional drop-outs. We systematically validate SClineager and show that genetics-based lineage tracing is applicable for single-cell-sequencing studies of both tumor and non-tumor tissues using SClineager. Overall, our work provides a powerful tool that can be applied to scRNA-seq data to decipher the lineage histories of cells and that could address a missing opportunity to reveal valuable information from the large amounts of existing scRNA-seq data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianshi Lu
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Seongoh Park
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Statistics, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul 02844, Republic of Korea
| | - James Zhu
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yunguan Wang
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Xiaowei Zhan
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Xinlei Wang
- Department of Statistical Science, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275, USA
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Mathematics and Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Hao Zhu
- Children's Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics and Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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Singha K, Karnpean R, Fucharoen G, Fucharoen S. Dominant β-thalassaemia with unusually high Hb A 2 and Hb F caused by β CD121(-G) (HBB:c.364delG) in exon 3 of β-globin gene. J Clin Pathol 2019; 73:511-513. [PMID: 31879269 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2019-206308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We describe a dominant β-thalassaemia caused by a deletion of G at nucleotide position 364 in exon 3 of the β-globin gene. The heterozygosity of this mutation was found in a 36-year-old Thai patient who had moderate hypochromic microcytic anaemia with haemolytic blood picture. Haemoglobin (Hb) analysis revealed relatively higher Hbs A2 (6.8%) and F (4.7%) as compared with those of β0-thalassaemia (n=278) and β+-thalassaemia (n=55) carriers in our series. Secondary structure prediction of the elongated β-globin chain showed that the α-helix at the C-terminal is disrupted dramatically by the random coil and β-sheet, which should result in a highly unstable β-globin variant, undetectable in peripheral blood and a dominant clinical phenotypic feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kritsada Singha
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Muang, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Rossarin Karnpean
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani University, Warinchamrap, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand
| | - Goonnapa Fucharoen
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Muang, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Supan Fucharoen
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Muang, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Torre LDCRDL, Díaz FJP, Cortés BI, López VMR, López JYS, Anzaldo FJS, Torres MTM, Gonnet K, Badens C, Bonello-Palot N. Three Mexican Families with β thalassemia intermedia with different molecular basis. Genet Mol Biol 2019; 42:e20190032. [PMID: 32142096 PMCID: PMC7198011 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2019-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Role of nonsense-mediated decay and nonsense-associated altered splicing in the mRNA pattern of two new α-thalassemia mutants. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 91:212-222. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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