1
|
Lin X, Huo J, Su H, Xu Y, Zhang F. The Association of Melanoma-Associated Antigen-C Gene With Clinicopathological Characteristics and Prognosis in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Clin Breast Cancer 2024; 24:7-16. [PMID: 37872029 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2023.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the correlation of melanoma-associated antigen-C gene expression with clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis in patients with breast cancer through a meta-analysis. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP databases were searched from the establishment of the databases to December 2022. The New castle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used for literature quality evaluation, and meta-analysis of all studies was performed using Rev Man 5.3 and Stata14.0. A total of 11 studies and 1146 samples were included in the meta-analysis. High expression of MAGE-C gene was significantly correlated with tumor grade (OR = 8.06, 95%CI:4.14-15.67, P < .00001), lymph node metastasis (OR = 8.06, 95%CI:4.14-15.67, P < .00001), tumor type (OR = 0.36, 95%CI: 0.23-0.49, P < .00001), tumor stage (OR = 0.14, 95%CI: 0.05-0.38, P = .0001<.05), ER expression (OR = 0.14, 95%CI: 0.05-0.38, P = .0001<.05), HER-2 expression (OR = 0.24, 95%CI:0.11-0.57, P = .001<.05) and tumor embolus (OR = 0.24, 95%CI:0.11-0.57, P = .001<.05). In addition, the MAGE-C expression was correlated with the reduced overall survival (HR = 2.13, 95%CI: 1.52-2.99, P < .0001), recurrence-free survival (HR = 2.59, 95%CI:1.47-4.56, P = .0010) and metastasis-free survival (OR = 2.52, 95%CI: 1.38-4.59, P = .003). The high expression of MAGE-C gene is closely related to some clinicopathological parameters and poor prognosis of breast cancer, which may be used as a potential biomarker to determine the prognosis of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xunyi Lin
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Hebei General Hospital Affiliated to Hebei North University, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jiaxing Huo
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Hebei General Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medicine University, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Hang Su
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Hebei General Hospital Affiliated to North China University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yanbo Xu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Hebei General Hospital Affiliated to North China University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Fenghua Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Hebei General Hospital, No. 348 Peace West Road, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gu J, Chen J, Xiang S, Zhou X, Li J. Intricate confrontation: Research progress and application potential of TRIM family proteins in tumor immune escape. J Adv Res 2023; 54:147-179. [PMID: 36736694 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tripartite motif (TRIM) family proteins have more than 80 members and are widely found in various eukaryotic cells. Most TRIM family proteins participate in the ubiquitin-proteasome degradation system as E3-ubiquitin ligases; therefore, they play pivotal regulatory roles in the occurrence and development of tumors, including tumor immune escape. Due to the diversity of functional domains of TRIM family proteins, they can extensively participate in multiple signaling pathways of tumor immune escape through different substrates. In current research and clinical contexts, immune escape has become an urgent problem. The extensive participation of TRIM family proteins in curing tumors or preventing postoperative recurrence and metastasis makes them promising targets. AIM OF REVIEW The aim of the review is to make up for the gap in the current research on TRIM family proteins and tumor immune escape and propose future development directions according to the current progress and problems. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW This up-to-date review summarizes the characteristics and biological functions of TRIM family proteins, discusses the mechanisms of TRIM family proteins involved in tumor immune escape, and highlights the specific mechanism from the level of structure-function-molecule-pathway-phenotype, including mechanisms at the level of protein domains and functions, at the level of molecules and signaling pathways, and at the level of cells and microenvironments. We also discuss the application potential of TRIM family proteins in tumor immunotherapy, such as possible treatment strategies for combination targeting TRIM family protein drugs and checkpoint inhibitors for improving cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jingyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Shuaixi Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xikun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang J, Zhou Y, Feng J, Xu X, Wu J, Guo C. Deciphering roles of TRIMs as promising targets in hepatocellular carcinoma: current advances and future directions. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115538. [PMID: 37729731 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tripartite motif (TRIM) family is assigned to RING-finger-containing ligases harboring the largest number of proteins in E3 ubiquitin ligating enzymes. E3 ubiquitin ligases target the specific substrate for proteasomal degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), which seems to be a more effective and direct strategy for tumor therapy. Recent advances have demonstrated that TRIM genes associate with the occurrence and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). TRIMs trigger or inhibit multiple biological activities like proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, ferroptosis and autophagy in HCC dependent on its highly conserved yet diverse structures. Remarkably, autophagy is another proteolytic pathway for intracellular protein degradation and TRIM proteins may help to delineate the interaction between the two proteolytic systems. In depth research on the precise molecular mechanisms of TRIM family will allow for targeting TRIM in HCC treatment. We also highlight several potential directions warranted further development associated with TRIM family to provide bright insight into its translational values in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200060, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yuting Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Jiao Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200060, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Xuanfu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shidong Hospital, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Jianye Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200060, China.
| | - Chuanyong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200060, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li G, Bhattacharjee A, Salomonis N. Quantifying tumor specificity using Bayesian probabilistic modeling for drug target discovery and prioritization. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.03.530994. [PMID: 36945433 PMCID: PMC10028977 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.03.530994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
In diseases such as cancer, the design of new therapeutic strategies requires extensive, costly, and unfortunately sometimes deadly testing to reveal life threatening "off target" effects. A crucial first step in predicting toxicity are analyses of normal RNA and protein tissue expression, which are now possible using comprehensive molecular tissue atlases. However, no standardized approaches exist for target prioritization, which instead rely on ad-hoc thresholds and manual inspection. Such issues are compounded, given that genomic and proteomic data detection sensitivity and accuracy are often problematic. Thus, quantifiable probabilistic scores for tumor specificity that address these challenges could enable the creation of new predictive models for combinatorial drug design and correlative analyses. Here, we propose a Bayesian Tumor Specificity (BayesTS) score that can naturally account for multiple independent forms of molecular evidence derving from both RNA-Seq and protein expression while preserving the uncertainty of the inference. We applied BayesTS to 24,905 human protein-coding genes across 3,644 normal samples (GTEx and TCGA) spanning 63 tissues. These analyses demonstrate the ability of BayesTS to accurately incorporate protein, RNA and tissue distribution evidence, while effectively capturing the uncertainty of these inferences. This approach prioritized well-established drug targets, while deemphasizing those which were later found to induce toxicity. BayesTS allows for the adjustment of tissue importance weights for tissues of interest, such as reproductive and physiologically dispensable tissues (e.g., tonsil, appendix), enabling clinically translatable prioritizations. Our results show that BayesTS can facilitate novel drug target discovery and can be easily generalized to unconventional molecular targets, such as splicing neoantigens. We provide the code and inferred tumor specificity predictions as a database available online (https://github.com/frankligy/BayesTS). We envision that the widespread adoption of BayesTS will facilitate improved target prioritization for oncology drug development, ultimately leading to the discovery of more effective and safer drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangyuan Li
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Anukana Bhattacharjee
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Nathan Salomonis
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Generation of TRIM28 Knockout K562 Cells by CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing and Characterization of TRIM28-Regulated Gene Expression in Cell Proliferation and Hemoglobin Beta Subunits. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126839. [PMID: 35743282 PMCID: PMC9224613 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
TRIM28 is a scaffold protein that interacts with DNA-binding proteins and recruits corepressor complexes to cause gene silencing. TRIM28 contributes to physiological functions such as cell growth and differentiation. In the chronic myeloid leukemia cell line K562, we edited TRIM28 using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, and the complete and partial knockout (KO) cell clones were obtained and confirmed using quantitative droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) technology. The amplicon sequencing demonstrated no off-target effects in our gene editing experiments. The TRIM28 KO cells grew slowly and appeared red, seeming to have a tendency towards erythroid differentiation. To understand how TRIM28 controls K562 cell proliferation and differentiation, transcriptome profiling analysis was performed in wild-type and KO cells to identify TRIM28-regulated genes. Some of the RNAs that encode the proteins regulating the cell cycle were increased (such as p21) or decreased (such as cyclin D2) in TRIM28 KO cell clones; a tumor marker, the MAGE (melanoma antigen) family, which is involved in cell proliferation was reduced. Moreover, we found that knockout of TRIM28 can induce miR-874 expression to downregulate MAGEC2 mRNA via post-transcriptional regulation. The embryonic epsilon-globin gene was significantly increased in TRIM28 KO cell clones through the downregulation of transcription repressor SOX6. Taken together, we provide evidence to demonstrate the regulatory network of TRIM28-mediated cell growth and erythroid differentiation in K562 leukemia cells.
Collapse
|
6
|
Kumar J, Kaur G, Ren R, Lu Y, Lin K, Li J, Huang Y, Patel A, Barton MC, Macfarlan T, Zhang X, Cheng X. KRAB domain of ZFP568 disrupts TRIM28-mediated abnormal interactions in cancer cells. NAR Cancer 2020; 2:zcaa007. [PMID: 32743551 PMCID: PMC7380489 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcaa007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Interactions of KRAB (Krüppel-associated box)-associated protein KAP1 [also known as TRIM28 (tripartite motif containing protein 28)] with DNA-binding KRAB zinc finger (KRAB-ZF) proteins silence many transposable elements during embryogenesis. However, in some cancers, TRIM28 is upregulated and interacts with different partners, many of which are transcription regulators such as EZH2 in MCF7 cells, to form abnormal repressive or activating complexes that lead to misregulation of genes. We ask whether a KRAB domain-the TRIM28 interaction domain present in native binding partners of TRIM28 that mediate repression of transposable elements-could be used as a tool molecule to disrupt aberrant TRIM28 complexes. Expression of KRAB domain containing fragments from a KRAB-ZF protein (ZFP568) in MCF7 cells, without the DNA-binding zinc fingers, inhibited TRIM28-EZH2 interactions and caused degradation of both TRIM28 and EZH2 proteins as well as other components of the EZH2-associated polycomb repressor 2 complex. In consequence, the product of EZH2 enzymatic activity, trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 27 level, was significantly reduced. The expression of a synthetic KRAB domain significantly inhibits the growth of breast cancer cells (MCF7) but has no effect on normal (immortalized) human mammary epithelial cells (MCF10a). Further, we found that TRIM28 is a positive regulator of TRIM24 protein levels, as observed previously in prostate cancer cells, and expression of the KRAB domain also lowered TRIM24 protein. Importantly, reduction of TRIM24 levels, by treatment with either the KRAB domain or a small-molecule degrader targeted to TRIM24, is accompanied by an elevated level of tumor suppressor p53. Taken together, this study reveals a novel mechanism for a TRIM28-associated protein stability network and establishes TRIM28 as a potential therapeutic target in cancers where TRIM28 is elevated. Finally, we discuss a potential mechanism of KRAB-ZF gene expression controlled by a regulatory feedback loop of TRIM28-KRAB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janani Kumar
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gundeep Kaur
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ren Ren
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yue Lu
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kevin Lin
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jia Li
- Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yun Huang
- Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anamika Patel
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Michelle C Barton
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Todd Macfarlan
- The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiaodong Cheng
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cheng C, Ding Q, Zhang Z, Wang S, Zhong B, Huang X, Shao Z. PTBP1 modulates osteosarcoma chemoresistance to cisplatin by regulating the expression of the copper transporter SLC31A1. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:5274-5289. [PMID: 32207235 PMCID: PMC7205786 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance is the main obstacle of treatment in patients with osteosarcoma. RNA‐binding protein PTBP1 has been identified as an oncogene in various cancers. However, the role of PTBP1 in osteosarcoma, especially in chemoresistant osteosarcoma, and the underlying mechanism remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to explore the functions of PTBP1 in chemoresistance of osteosarcoma. We found that PTBP1 was significantly increased in chemotherapeutically insensitive osteosarcoma tissues and cisplatin‐resistant osteosarcoma cell lines (MG‐63CISR and U‐2OSCISR) as compared to chemotherapy‐sensitive osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines. Knock‐down of PTBP1 can enhance the anti‐proliferation and apoptosis‐induced effects of cisplatin in MG‐63CISR and U‐2OSCISR cells. Moreover, PTBP1 knock‐down significantly up‐regulated the expression of the copper transporter SLC31A1, as indicated by transcriptome sequencing. Through RNA immunoprecipitation, dual‐luciferase reporter assay and RNA stability detection, we confirmed that PTBP1 binds to SLC31A1 mRNA and regulates the expression level of SLC31A1 by affecting mRNA stability. Additionally, SLC31A1 silencing abrogated the chemosensitizing effect of PTBP1 knock‐down in MG‐63CISR and U‐2OSCISR cells. Using a nude mouse xenograft model, we further confirmed that PTBP1 knock‐down enhanced chemoresistant osteosarcoma responsiveness to cisplatin treatment in vivo. Collectively, the present study suggests that PTBP1 is a crucial determinant of chemoresistance in osteosarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiuyue Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhicai Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shangyu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Binlong Zhong
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zengwu Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|