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Hu Z, Boschiero C, Li CJ, Connor EE, Baldwin RL, Liu GE. Unraveling the Genetic Basis of Feed Efficiency in Cattle through Integrated DNA Methylation and CattleGTEx Analysis. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2121. [PMID: 38136943 PMCID: PMC10742843 DOI: 10.3390/genes14122121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Feed costs can amount to 75 percent of the total overhead cost of raising cows for milk production. Meanwhile, the livestock industry is considered a significant contributor to global climate change due to the production of greenhouse gas emissions, such as methane. Indeed, the genetic basis of feed efficiency (FE) is of great interest to the animal research community. Here, we explore the epigenetic basis of FE to provide base knowledge for the development of genomic tools to improve FE in cattle. The methylation level of 37,554 CpG sites was quantified using a mammalian methylation array (HorvathMammalMethylChip40) for 48 Holstein cows with extreme residual feed intake (RFI). We identified 421 CpG sites related to 287 genes that were associated with RFI, several of which were previously associated with feeding or digestion issues. Activator of transcription and developmental regulation (AUTS2) is associated with digestive disorders in humans, while glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2 (GPD2) encodes a protein on the inner mitochondrial membrane, which can regulate glucose utilization and fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis. The extensive expression and co-expression of these genes across diverse tissues indicate the complex regulation of FE in cattle. Our study provides insight into the epigenetic basis of RFI and gene targets to improve FE in dairy cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenbin Hu
- Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Clarissa Boschiero
- Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Cong-Jun Li
- Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Erin E. Connor
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Ransom L. Baldwin
- Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - George E. Liu
- Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
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Liang L, Li X, Nong L, Cai W, Zhang J, Liu P, Li T. An innovative single-base extension method for synchronous detection of point mutations and MSI status in colorectal cancer. Cancer Med 2022; 12:8367-8377. [PMID: 36583506 PMCID: PMC10134345 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An accurate genotyping analysis is one of the critical prerequisites for patients with colorectal cancer receiving matched therapies. Conventional genotyping analysis is currently used to detect either gene mutations or MSI status, delaying the detection of critical tumor biomarkers and thus the optimal time for treatment. An assay that analyzes both biomarkers in a streamlined process is eagerly needed. METHODS We developed an assay combining Multiplex PCR Amplification, Single-base Extension and capillary electrophoresis (CE) analysis (MASE-CE) for synchronous detection of KRAS/NRAS/BRAF mutations and MSI status. In a 190 colorectal cancer cohort, we identified seven somatic mutations in KRAS, NRAS and BRAF as well as five MSI loci (D2S123/D5S346/D17S250/BAT-25/BAT-26) simultaneously. KRAS/NRAS/BRAF mutations were detected by NGS and MASE-CE, and MSI status were detected by PCR-CE and MASE-CE methods. RESULTS The MASE-CE method showed high consistency with NGS for mutation detection (Kappa value ≥0.8) and PCR-CE (Kappa value = 0.79). In addition, the limits of detection (LOD) of MASE-CE assay for MSI and somatic mutation were 5% and 2%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In somatic mutation detection and MSI detection, the LOD of MASE-CE assay was superior to that of qPCR and NGS. MASE-CE assay is a highly sensitive, time-saving and specimen-saving method, which can greatly avoid the cumbersome testing process and provide clinical decision for doctors in time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liang
- Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Li
- Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Nong
- Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weijing Cai
- Shanghai Tongshu Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Jixin Zhang
- Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Li
- Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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Jafari M, Laraqui A, Baba W, Benmokhtar S, Zaitouni SE, Ali AA, Bounaim A, Moujahid M, Tanz R, Mahfoud T, Sbitti Y, Annaz HE, Abi R, Tagajdid MR, Kochri SE, Lahlou IA, Hsaini HE, Belayachi L, Benjouad A, Ichou M, En-Nya A, Ennibi K. Prevalence and patterns of mutations in RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK/MAPK signaling pathway in colorectal cancer in North Africa. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1142. [PMID: 36344948 PMCID: PMC9639273 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10235-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our review discuss (i) the findings from analyzed data that have examined KRAS, NRAS and BRAF mutations in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) in North Africa and to compare its prevalence with that shown in other populations and (ii) the possible role of dietary and lifestyle factors with CRC risk. METHODS: Using electronic databases, a systematic literature search was performed for the KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF mutations in CRC patients from Morocco, Tunisia, Algeria and Lybia. RESULTS: Seventeen studies were identified through electronic searches with six studies conducted in Morocco, eight in Tunisia, two in Algeria, and one in Libya. A total of 1843 CRC patients were included 576 (31.3%) in Morocco, 641 (34.8%) in Tunisia, 592 (32.1%) in Algeria, and 34 (1.8%) in Libya. Overall, the average age of patients was 52.7 years old. Patients were predominantly male (56.6%). The mutation rates of KRAS, NRAS and BRAF were 46.4%, 3.2% and 3.5% of all patients, respectively. A broad range of reported KRAS mutation frequencies have been reported in North Africa countries. The KRAS mutation frequency was 23.9% to 51% in Morocco, 23.1% to 68.2% in Tunisia, 31.4% to 50% in Algeria, and 38.2% in Libya. The G12D was the most frequently identified KRAS exon 2 mutations (31.6%), followed by G12V (25.4%), G13D (15.5%), G12C (10.2%), G12A (6.9%), and G12S (6.4%). G12R, G13V, G13C and G13R are less than 5%. There are important differences among North Africa countries. In Morocco and Tunisia, there is a higher prevalence of G12D mutation in KRAS exon 2 (≈50%). The most frequently mutation type in KRAS exon 3 was Q61L (40%). A59T and Q61E mutations were also found. In KRAS exon 4, the most common mutation was A146T (50%), followed by K117N (33.3%), A146P (8.3%) and A146V (8.3%). CONCLUSION KRAS mutated CRC patients in North Africa have been identified with incidence closer to the European figures. Beside established anti-CRC treatment, better understanding of the causality of CRC can be established by combining epidemiology and genetic/epigenetic on CRC etiology. This approach may be able to significantly reduce the burden of CRC in North Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meryem Jafari
- Sequencing Unit, Laboratory of Virology, Center of Virology, Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.
- Laboratory of Biology of Human Pathologies, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Abdelilah Laraqui
- Sequencing Unit, Laboratory of Virology, Center of Virology, Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Walid Baba
- Sequencing Unit, Laboratory of Virology, Center of Virology, Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
- Laboratory of Biology of Human Pathologies, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Soukaina Benmokhtar
- Laboratory of Biology of Human Pathologies, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Sara El Zaitouni
- Laboratory of Biology of Human Pathologies, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Abdelmounaim Ait Ali
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V Military Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Ahmed Bounaim
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V Military Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mountassir Moujahid
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V Military Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Rachid Tanz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Tarik Mahfoud
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Yassir Sbitti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hicham El Annaz
- Sequencing Unit, Laboratory of Virology, Center of Virology, Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Rachid Abi
- Sequencing Unit, Laboratory of Virology, Center of Virology, Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Rida Tagajdid
- Sequencing Unit, Laboratory of Virology, Center of Virology, Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Safae El Kochri
- Sequencing Unit, Laboratory of Virology, Center of Virology, Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Idriss Amine Lahlou
- Sequencing Unit, Laboratory of Virology, Center of Virology, Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Houda El Hsaini
- International Faculty of Dental Medicine, College of Health Sciences, International University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Lamiae Belayachi
- International Faculty of Dental Medicine, College of Health Sciences, International University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Abdelaziz Benjouad
- International Faculty of Dental Medicine, College of Health Sciences, International University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Ichou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Amina En-Nya
- Laboratory of Biology of Human Pathologies, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Khalid Ennibi
- Sequencing Unit, Laboratory of Virology, Center of Virology, Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
- Center of Virology, Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
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Benmokhtar S, Laraqui A, El Boukhrissi F, Hilali F, Bajjou T, Jafari M, Elzaitouni S, Baba W, El Mchichi B, Elannaz H, Lahlou IA, Chahdi H, Oukabli M, Mahfoud T, Tanz R, Ichou M, Ennibi K, Dakka N, Sekhsokh Y. Clinical Significance of Somatic Mutations in RAS/RAF/MAPK Signaling Pathway in Moroccan and North African Colorectal Cancer Patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2022; 23:3725-3733. [PMID: 36444585 PMCID: PMC9930961 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2022.23.11.3725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in RAS (KRAS, NRAS) and BRAF genes are the main biomarker predicting response to anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies in targeted therapy in colorectal cancer (CRC). OBJECTIVE Our study aims to evaluate the frequencies of KRAS, NRAS and BRAF mutations and their possible associations with clinico-pathological features in CRC patients from Morocco. METHODS DNA was extracted from 80 FFPE samples using the QIAamp DNA FFPE-kit. RAS and BRAF mutations were assessed by pyrosequencing assays using Qiagen, KRAS Pyro®kit 24.V1, Ras-Extension Pyro®kit 24.V1 and BRAF Pyro®Kit 24.V1, respectively, and carried out in the PyroMark-Q24. RESULTS RAS mutations were identified in 57.5% (56.2% in KRAS, 8.8% in NRAS). In KRAS gene, exon 2 mutations accounted for 93.3% (68.9% in codon 12, 24.4% in codon 13). Within codon 12, G12D was the most prevalent mutation (37.7%), followed by G12C (13.4%), G12S (8.9%) and G12V (6.6%). Within codon 13, the most frequently observed mutation was G13D (22.3%). The mutation rates of exon 3 and 4 were 15.6% and 13.3%, respectively. In exon 3 codon 61, 2.3% patients were detected with two concurrent mutations (Q61R, Q61H), and 4.4% with three concurrent mutations (Q61R, Q61H, Q61L). In NRAS gene, the mutation rates of exon 2, 3 and 4 were 57.1%, 28.6%, and 14.3%, respectively. G13A and Q61H were the most common mutations, accounting for 42.9% and 28.5%, respectively. There were 13% patients with concurrent KRAS/NRAS mutation and 4.3% wt KRAS with NRAS mutations. No mutations were identified in BRAF gene. In both sexes, KRAS codon 12 mutations were associated with higher stage III/IV tumors. Moreover, Patients whose tumor is in the proximal colon (56.3%) are more likely to harbor KRAS mutations than those tumor located in rectum (25%). CONCLUSION RAS mutations could be useful in future target anti-EGFR therapy and molecular CRC screening strategy in Morocco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soukaina Benmokhtar
- Laboratory of Research and Biosafety P3, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco. ,Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology and Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco. ,For Correspondence:
| | - Abdelilah Laraqui
- Laboratory of Research and Biosafety P3, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco. ,Sequencing Unit, Laboratory of Virology, Center of Virology, Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Fatima El Boukhrissi
- Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Fez, Morocco.
| | - Farida Hilali
- Laboratory of Research and Biosafety P3, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Tahar Bajjou
- Laboratory of Research and Biosafety P3, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Meryem Jafari
- Laboratory of Research and Biosafety P3, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Sara Elzaitouni
- Laboratory of Research and Biosafety P3, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Walid Baba
- Laboratory of Research and Biosafety P3, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Bouchra El Mchichi
- Sequencing Unit, Laboratory of Virology, Center of Virology, Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Hicham Elannaz
- Sequencing Unit, Laboratory of Virology, Center of Virology, Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Idriss Amine Lahlou
- Sequencing Unit, Laboratory of Virology, Center of Virology, Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Hafsa Chahdi
- Department of Pathology, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Mohamed Oukabli
- Department of Pathology, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Tarik Mahfoud
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Rachid Tanz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Mohamed Ichou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Khaled Ennibi
- Sequencing Unit, Laboratory of Virology, Center of Virology, Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco. ,Center of Virology, Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Nadia Dakka
- Faculty ofMedicine and Pharmacy, Rabat, University Mohammed V, Morocco.
| | - Yassine Sekhsokh
- Laboratory of Research and Biosafety P3, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
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Vitamin–Microbiota Crosstalk in Intestinal Inflammation and Carcinogenesis. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163383. [PMID: 36014889 PMCID: PMC9414212 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) are common diseases of the digestive system. Vitamin deficiencies and gut microbiota dysbiosis have a close relationship with the risk, development, and progression of IBD and CAC. There is a strong link between vitamins and the gut microbiome. Vitamins are extremely crucial for maintaining a healthy gut microbiota, promoting growth and development, metabolism, and innate immunity. Gut microbiota can not only influence the transport process of vitamins, but also produce vitamins to compensate for insufficient food intake. Emerging evidence suggests that oral vitamin supplementation can reduce inflammation levels and improve disease prognosis. In addition, improving the diet structure and consuming foods rich in vitamins not only help to improve the vitamin deficiency, but also help to reduce the risk of IBD. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and the application of vitamin-producing probiotics can better assist in the treatment of intestinal diseases. In this review, we discuss the interaction and therapeutic roles of vitamins and gut microbiota in IBD and CAC. We also summarize the methods of treating IBD and CAC by modulating vitamins. This may highlight strategies to target gut-microbiota-dependent alterations in vitamin metabolism in the context of IBD and CAC therapy.
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Wang F, Ugai T, Haruki K, Wan Y, Akimoto N, Arima K, Zhong R, Twombly TS, Wu K, Yin K, Chan AT, Giannakis M, Nowak JA, Meyerhardt JA, Liang L, Song M, Smith‐Warner SA, Zhang X, Giovannucci EL, Willett WC, Ogino S. Healthy and unhealthy plant-based diets in relation to the incidence of colorectal cancer overall and by molecular subtypes. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e893. [PMID: 35998061 PMCID: PMC9398226 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant-based foods have been recommended for health. However, not all plant foods are healthy, and little is known about the association between plant-based diets and specific molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer (CRC). We examined the associations of healthy and unhealthy plant-based diets with the incidence of CRC and its molecular subtypes. METHODS While 123 773 participants of the Nurses' Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study had been followed up (3 143 158 person-years), 3077 of them had developed CRC. Healthy and unhealthy plant-based diet indices (hPDI and uPDI, respectively) were calculated using repeated food frequency questionnaire data. We determined the tumoural status of microsatellite instability (MSI), CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP), and BRAF and KRAS mutations. RESULTS Higher hPDI was associated with lower CRC incidence (multivariable hazard ratio [HR] comparing extreme quartiles, 0.86, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.77, 0.96; P-trend = .04), whereas higher uPDI was associated with higher CRC incidence (multivariable HR comparing extreme quartiles, 1.16, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.29; P-trend = .005). The association of hPDI significantly differed by KRAS status (P-heterogeneity = .003) but not by other tumour markers. The hPDI was associated with lower incidence of KRAS-wildtype CRC (multivariable HR comparing extreme quartiles, 0.74, 95% CI: 0.57, 0.96; P-trend = .004) but not KRAS-mutant CRC (P-trend = .22). CONCLUSIONS While unhealthy plant-based diet enriched with refined grains and sugar is associated with higher CRC incidence, healthy plant-based diet rich in whole grains, fruits and vegetables is associated with lower incidence of CRC, especially KRAS-wildtype CRC.
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Morelli C, Rofei M, Riondino S, Fraboni D, Torino F, Orlandi A, Tesauro M, Del Vecchio Blanco G, Federici M, Arkenau HT, Formica V, Roselli M. Immune Response in Vitamin D Deficient Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Player That Should Be Considered for Targeted Vitamin D Supplementation. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2594. [PMID: 35681576 PMCID: PMC9179512 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a poor prognostic factor in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC); however, targeted supplementation trials have so far yielded limited results. We investigated clinical-laboratory parameters influencing vitamin D deficiency, with a particular focus on immune response, and the effect on survival. These parameters could help optimize targeted supplementation therapy. Methods: Association of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH])D) with overall survival (OS) was assessed with the Hazard Ratio Smoothed Curve with Restricted Cubic Splines (HRSC-RCS) and maximally selected rank statistics (MSRS) in mCRC patients who underwent first-line chemotherapy. Several hematobiochemical variables were evaluated as predictors of vitamin D deficiency by means of Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) analysis. In a patient subset, peripheral lymphocyte subpopulations were also analyzed. Results: One hundred thirty-three mCRC patients were included. The median(m) baseline 25(OH)D was 10.8 ng/mL (range 3−53.4). HRSC-RCS revealed a linear association between 25(OH)D and OS. MSRS found 10 ng/mL as the optimal 25(OH)D cut-off. The median OS for 25(OH)D < 10 (n = 60) vs. > 10 ng/mL (n = 73) was 12.3 and 24.5 months, respectively (p = 0.002). The LASSO analysis identified high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR > 3.5) as the strongest predictor of vitamin D deficiency (Odds Ratio 3.35, p 0.0009). Moreover, patients with low 25(OH)D levels (< 10 ng/mL) and high NLR (>3.5) had the shortest survival and patients with 25(OH)D >10 ng/mL and NLR <3.5 had the longest: mOS 8.1 and 28.1 months, respectively, HR 3.40 (1.76−6.59), p 0.0004. Besides the significant difference in NLR between 25(OH)D < and > 10 ng/mL patients (mNLR 3.6 vs. 2.9, p 0.03), the lymphocyte subpopulation analysis revealed that vitamin D deficiency was associated with high T- CD4+ (p = 0.04) and low B (p = 0.03) lymphocyte frequency. Conclusions: NLR is a powerful predictor of Vitamin D deficiency and can further help in stratifying prognosis. Vitamin D deficiency was associated with significant variations in peripheral immune cells. We hypothesize that integrated targeted interventions to both vitamin D and immune system would improve the prognosis of mCRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Morelli
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (M.R.); (S.R.); (F.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Michela Rofei
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (M.R.); (S.R.); (F.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Silvia Riondino
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (M.R.); (S.R.); (F.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Daniela Fraboni
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Francesco Torino
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (M.R.); (S.R.); (F.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Augusto Orlandi
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Manfredi Tesauro
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | | | - Massimo Federici
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Hendrik-Tobias Arkenau
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Cancer Institute, University College London, London W1G 6AD, UK;
| | - Vincenzo Formica
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (M.R.); (S.R.); (F.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Mario Roselli
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (M.R.); (S.R.); (F.T.); (M.R.)
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El Asri A, Ouldim K, Bouguenouch L, Sekal M, Moufid FZ, Kampman E, Huybrechts I, Gunter MJ, Abbaoui S, Znati K, Karkouri M, Kinany KE, Hatime Z, Deoula MMS, Chbani L, Zarrouq B, El Rhazi K. Dietary Fat Intake and KRAS Mutations in Colorectal Cancer in a Moroccan Population. Nutrients 2022; 14:318. [PMID: 35057499 PMCID: PMC8779768 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiologic data support an association between diet and mutations in the Kirsten-ras (KRAS) gene involved in colorectal cancer (CRC) development. This study aimed to explore the associations between fat intake and KRAS mutations in codons 12 and 13 in cases of CRC in the Moroccan population. A multicenter case-series study nested in a large-scale Moroccan CRC case-control study was conducted. Among all CRC cases recruited, 151 specimens were available for the DNA mutation analysis. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (Cis) for KRAS mutation status according to the fat intake variables. A KRAS mutation was detected in the CRC tumor of 34.4% of the patients among whom 65.4% had a single mutation at codon 12 and 34.6% had a single mutation at codon 13. Compared to low levels of consumption, a positive association was observed between high polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) consumption (>16.9 g/day) and prevalence of KRAS mutations (OR = 2.15, 95% CI = 1.01-4.59). No statistically significant associations were observed for total fat, monounsaturated fatty acids, saturated fatty acids and KRAS mutations. The results of this study suggest that PUFA may be relevant in the etiology of CRC, possibly through the generation of G > A transitions at the KRAS oncogene. Further studies are needed to verify and explain this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achraf El Asri
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Research in Health Sciences, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco; (K.E.K.); (Z.H.); (M.M.S.D.); (B.Z.); (K.E.R.)
| | - Karim Ouldim
- Medical Genetics and Oncogenetics Unit, Hassan II University Hospital, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco; (K.O.); (L.B.); (F.Z.M.)
- Cancer Research Institute, Fez 20192, Morocco
| | - Laila Bouguenouch
- Medical Genetics and Oncogenetics Unit, Hassan II University Hospital, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco; (K.O.); (L.B.); (F.Z.M.)
| | - Mohammed Sekal
- Department of Anatomy and Cytopathology, Hassan II University Hospital, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdallah University, Fez 30000, Morocco; (M.S.); (L.C.)
| | - Fatima Zahra Moufid
- Medical Genetics and Oncogenetics Unit, Hassan II University Hospital, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco; (K.O.); (L.B.); (F.Z.M.)
| | - Ellen Kampman
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, 69000 Wageningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 69372 Lyon, France; (I.H.); (M.J.G.)
| | - Marc J. Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 69372 Lyon, France; (I.H.); (M.J.G.)
| | - Sanae Abbaoui
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir 80035, Morocco;
| | - Kaoutar Znati
- Department of Pathology, Ibn Sina University Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10001, Morocco;
| | - Mehdi Karkouri
- Pathologic Anatomy and Cytology Laboratory, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca 20360, Morocco;
| | - Khaoula El Kinany
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Research in Health Sciences, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco; (K.E.K.); (Z.H.); (M.M.S.D.); (B.Z.); (K.E.R.)
| | - Zineb Hatime
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Research in Health Sciences, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco; (K.E.K.); (Z.H.); (M.M.S.D.); (B.Z.); (K.E.R.)
| | - Meimouna Mint Sidi Deoula
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Research in Health Sciences, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco; (K.E.K.); (Z.H.); (M.M.S.D.); (B.Z.); (K.E.R.)
| | - Laila Chbani
- Department of Anatomy and Cytopathology, Hassan II University Hospital, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdallah University, Fez 30000, Morocco; (M.S.); (L.C.)
| | - Btissame Zarrouq
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Research in Health Sciences, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco; (K.E.K.); (Z.H.); (M.M.S.D.); (B.Z.); (K.E.R.)
- Department of Biology and Geology, Teachers Training College (Ecole Normale Superieure), Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco
| | - Karima El Rhazi
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Research in Health Sciences, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco; (K.E.K.); (Z.H.); (M.M.S.D.); (B.Z.); (K.E.R.)
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