Potential prognosis index for m6A-related mRNA in cholangiocarcinoma

LncRNA OIP5-AS1 mediated miR-28-5p provides promising support for the diagnosis and prognosis of cholangiocarcinoma

BACKGROUND

long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a major research focus in a variety of diseases, and lncRNA OIP5-AS1 (OIP5-AS1) was shown to mediate the progression of various tumors. This article discusses how OIP5-AS1 could potentially be used to diagnose and prognosticate cholangiocarcinoma (CHOL).

METHODS

the ENROCI project evaluated OIP5-AS1 expression in CHOL samples, which was confirmed by RT-qPCR. A bioinformatics database predicted the target gene of OIP5-AS1 in CHOL, which was then confirmed by luciferase activity assays. The CCK-8 and Transwell methods were employed to detect the changes in CHOL cell growth and migration levels after OIP5-AS1 knockdown. ROC and Kaplan-Meier curves were used to examine the diagnostic and prognostic functions of OIP5-AS1.

RESULTS

in CHOL tissues and cells, OIP5-AS1 was enhanced compared to the controls. Reducing OIP5-AS1 hampered the regulatory capacity of CHOL cells, which was restored by the miR-28-5p inhibitor. Notably, OIP5-AS1 was observed to sponge and downregulate miR-28-5p, exhibiting high sensitivity and specificity (84.4 % and 81.3 %) in CHOL. G3BP1 was a direct target of miR-28-5p. Decreased OIP5-AS1 level was beneficial for survival (HR = 2.391, p = 0.024).

CONCLUSION

OIP5-AS1 targets and negatively mediates miR-28-5p/G3BP1 axis to promote the activity of CHOL cells, which may be a potential marker for diagnosis and prognosis of CHOL patients.

Focusing on the Immune Cells: Recent Advances in Immunotherapy for Biliary Tract Cancer

Biliary tract cancer (BTC) represents a challenging malignancy characterized by aggressive behavior, high relapse rates, and poor prognosis. In recent years, immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment landscape for various cancers, but its efficacy in BTC remains limited. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the advances in preclinical and clinical studies of immunotherapy for BTC. We explore the potential of immune checkpoint inhibitors in reshaping the management of BTC. Despite disappointing results thus far, ongoing clinical trials are investigating the combination of immunotherapy with other treatment modalities. Furthermore, research on the tumor microenvironment has unveiled novel targets for immunotherapeutic interventions. By understanding the current state of immunotherapy in BTC and highlighting future directions, this article aims to fuel further exploration and ultimately improve patient outcomes in this challenging disease.

M6A RNA methylation in biliary tract cancer: the function roles and potential therapeutic implications

Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are relatively rare malignancies with a poor prognosis. For advanced BTCs, the efficacy of current chemotherapeutic approaches is limited. Consequently, there is an urgent need to deepen our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying BTC tumorigenesis and development for the exploration of effective targeted therapies. N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most abundant RNA modifications in eukaryotes, is found usually dysregulated and involved in tumorigenesis, progression, and drug resistance in tumors. Numerous studies have confirmed that aberrant m6A regulators function as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors in BTCs by the reversible regulation of RNA metabolism, including splicing, export, degradation and translation. In this review, we summarized the current roles of the m6A regulators and their functional impacts on RNA fate in BTCs. The improved understanding of m6A modification in BTCs also provides a reasonable outlook for the exploration of new diagnostic strategies and efficient therapeutic targets.

Overview of distinct N6-Methyladenosine profiles of messenger RNA in osteoarthritis

Although N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is closely associated with the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA), the mRNA profile of m6A modification in OA remains unknown. Therefore, our study aimed to identify common m6A features and novel m6A-related therapeutic targets in OA. In the present study, we identified 3962 differentially methylated genes (DMGs) and 2048 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using methylated RNA immunoprecipitation next-generation sequencing (MeRIP-seq) and RNA-sequencing. A co-expression analysis of DMGs and DEGs showed that the expression of 805 genes was significantly affected by m6A methylation. Specifically, we obtained 28 hypermethylated and upregulated genes, 657 hypermethylated and downregulated genes, 102 hypomethylated and upregulated genes, and 18 hypomethylated and downregulated genes. The differential gene expression analysis based on GSE114007 revealed 2770 DEGs. The Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) based on GSE114007 identified 134 OA-related genes. By taking the intersection of these results, ten novel aberrantly expressed, m6A-modified and OA-related key genes were identified, including SKP2, SULF1, TNC, ZFP36, CEBPB, BHLHE41, SOX9, VEGFA, MKNK2 and TUBB4B. The present study may provide valuable insight into identifying m6A-related pharmacological targets in OA.

AIP: A double agent? The tissue-specific role of AIP as a tumour suppressor or as an oncogene

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-interacting protein (AIP) is a co-chaperone to heat shock proteins and nuclear receptors. Loss-of-function heterozygote germline mutations lead to predisposition to growth hormone- or prolactin-secreting pituitary typically presenting in childhood. Based on these data AIP behaves as a tumour suppressor. However, previously in diffuse large B cell lymphoma and now in this new manuscript in the British Journal of Cancer on colorectal cancer, it seems that high expression of AIP is associated with tumour development and more aggressive disease. AIP, therefore, joins a distinguished group of proteins that can behave both as a tumour suppressor and as an oncogene.