Biologic therapy is associated with a mild decrease in the rate of hospitalizations in pediatric IBD

Current perspectives on pediatric inflammatory bowel disease focusing on transitional care management. What should we consider?

The prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) continues to rise around the globe. Although the percentage of pediatric IBD patients seems to be increasing, rates are surprisingly heterogeneous among different populations. Although the pathogenesis of IBD is believed to be multifactorial, a genetic predisposition may be especially relevant in pediatric-onset IBD. Phenotypic characteristics can also be significantly different when comparing pediatric and adult-onset IBD. Patients that develop the disease at a younger age usually present with more extensive and more aggressive disease and develop complications faster when compared to those that develop it during adulthood. Children with IBD are found to have frequent mood disorders and have a higher risk of developing socio-economic hardship, failing to meet development milestones. Therefore, IBD management should always involve a multidisciplinary team that is not limited to medical providers. Most institutions do not have an established transition protocol and lack the resources and training for transition care. Although there is no consensus on an optimal timing to transition the patient's care to an adult team, it is usually accepted they should be eligible for adult care when most of the key transition points have been met. Management strategies should be tailored to each patient's developmental level and environment. A successful transition can improve the long-term outcomes such as sustained remission, medication adherence, mental health and social and academic performance, while decreasing healthcare utilization. Every institution that manages pediatric IBD patients should have a well-established transition protocol in order to make sure to maintain continuity of care.

Biologics in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) consist of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. These are conditions that, although managed by pediatric gastroenterologists, are encountered frequently by the general pediatrician. The purpose of this article is to review the use of targeted antibody treatments, also known as biologics, in the treatment of pediatric IBD as well as complications and adverse effects for the pediatrician to consider when caring for a patient with IBD who is taking biologics. [Pediatr Ann. 2022;51(2):e77-e81.].