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Gu YF, Lin FP, Epstein RJ. How aging of the global population is changing oncology. Ecancermedicalscience 2022; 15:ed119. [PMID: 35211208 PMCID: PMC8816510 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2021.ed119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Population aging is causing a demographic redistribution with implications for the future of healthcare. How will this affect oncology? First, there will be an overall rise in cancer affecting older adults, even though age-specific cancer incidences continue to fall due to better prevention. Second, there will be a wider spectrum of health functionality in this expanding cohort of older adults, with differences between “physiologically older” and “physiologically younger” patients becoming more important for optimal treatment selection. Third, greater teamwork with supportive care, geriatric, mental health and rehabilitation experts will come to enrich oncologic decision-making by making it less formulaic than it is at present. Success in this transition to a more nuanced professional mindset will depend in part on the development of user-friendly computational tools that can integrate a complex mix of quantitative and qualitative inputs from evidence-based medicine, functional and cognitive assessments, and the personal priorities of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Fei Gu
- New Hope Cancer Center, United Family Hospitals, 9 Jiangtai W Rd, Chaoyang, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Frank P Lin
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St, Darlinghurst, Sydney 2010, Australia.,NH&MRC Clinical Trials Centre, 92 Parramatta Rd, Camperdown, Sydney 2050, Australia
| | - Richard J Epstein
- New Hope Cancer Center, United Family Hospitals, 9 Jiangtai W Rd, Chaoyang, Beijing 100015, China.,Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St, Darlinghurst, Sydney 2010, Australia.,UNSW Clinical School, St Vincent's Hospital, 390 Victoria St, Darlinghurst, Sydney 2010, Australia.,https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4640-0195
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Schopf K, Vendruscolo C, Silva CBD, Geremia DS, Souza ALD, Angonese LL. Prevenção Quaternária: da medicalização social à atenção integral na Atenção Primária à Saúde. ESCOLA ANNA NERY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/2177-9465-ean-2021-0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Objetivo conhecer as percepções e perspectivas dos profissionais da saúde para o desenvolvimento da Prevenção Quaternária na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Método Pesquisa Apreciativa, que aplicou as fases do “ciclo 4-D”, na língua inglesa: discovery, dream, design e destiny. Este artigo analisa os resultados referentes à fase discovery (descoberta), de cujos dois encontros correspondentes participaram nove profissionais da Atenção Primária. Realizou-se análise de conteúdo, seguindo as etapas de pré-análise, exploração do material e tratamento dos dados. Resultados a Prevenção Quaternária representa uma potencialidade na inovação da atenção, com possibilidade de reduzir a medicalização social, que ocorre mediante a sobremedicalização, sobrediagnósticos e sobretratamentos. Como perspectivas, é apresentada a necessidade de conscientização da sociedade e dos profissionais sobre esses excessos e de (re) posicionamento da indústria, do mercado e da mídia sobre o significado de “estar saudável”. Conclusão e implicações para prática é necessário atentar para a ética na prestação de cuidados quanto ao rastreio, diagnóstico e tratamento de doenças. A Prevenção Quaternária tem potencial para reverter um modelo hegemônico em relação ao cuidado de indivíduos e famílias ao fomentar a integralidade. A Enfermagem, como prestadora do cuidado, junto com a equipe multiprofissional, deve incorporar ações de Prevenção Quaternária em suas práticas.
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Shah H, Surujballi J, Awan AA, Hutton B, Arnaout A, Shorr R, Vandermeer L, Alzahrani MJ, Clemons M. A scoping review characterizing "Choosing Wisely®" recommendations for breast cancer management. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2020; 185:533-547. [PMID: 33156490 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-020-06009-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Choosing Wisely (CW)® was created by the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) to promote patient-physician conversations about unnecessary medical interventions. Similarly, other countries created their own panels of experts called "CW® campaigns" which review recommendations submitted by that country's oncology societies. We performed a scoping review to consolidate CW® recommendations from different groups with respect to breast cancer care. METHODS A systematic search of Medline and Embase was designed by an information specialist for publications presenting CW® recommendations for breast cancer care practices from 2011-2020. We also reviewed the websites of all CW® campaigns and reference sections of each CW® recommendation. Two reviewers independently screened studies for inclusion and performed data extraction. Findings were summarized narratively. RESULTS Review of ABIM CW® recommendations showed 19 breast cancer-related recommendations pertaining to; screening (n = 4), radiological staging (n = 2), treatment (n = 10), surveillance (n = 2), and miscellaneous (genetic testing; n = 1). Of 22 countries with CW® campaigns, 10 published recommendations for breast cancer. Over half (57%) of recommendations were supported by more than one country. No recommendations were refuted between campaigns. Two campaigns developed 3 novel recommendations on new topics, including chemotherapy in ductal carcinoma in situ (Italy) and comparison of screening imaging modalities (Portugal). CONCLUSIONS CW® recommendations focus on reducing overutilization of investigations and treatments. There was a high rate of consensus between different CW® campaigns. As health care systems globally move attention to reduce low-value care, further studies are required to address adherence to these current recommendations and develop new recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hely Shah
- Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Julian Surujballi
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Arif Ali Awan
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Brian Hutton
- The University of Ottawa, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Angel Arnaout
- Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Mashari Jemaan Alzahrani
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Mark Clemons
- Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada. .,Division of Medical Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada. .,The University of Ottawa, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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