1
|
Chodorowski M, Ognard J, Rovira À, Gentric JC, Bourhis D, Ben Salem D. Energy consumption in MRI: Determinants and management options. J Neuroradiol 2024; 51:182-189. [PMID: 38065429 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurad.2023.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Energy consumption awareness is a known concern, and radiology departments have energy-intensive consuming machines. The means of energy consumption management in MRI scanners have yet to be evaluated. PURPOSE To measure the MRI energy consumption and to evaluate the means to reduce it. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data was retrieved for two MRI scanners through the hospital's automated energy consumption measurement software. After correlation with picture archiving and communication system (PACS) files, they were segmented by machine and mode (as follows: stand-by, idle and active) and analyzed. Active mode data for a specific brain MRI protocol have been isolated, and equivalent low energy consuming protocol was made. Both were performed on phantom and compared. Same protocol was performed on a phantom using 3.0T 16 and 32 head channels coils. Multiples sequences were acquired on phantom to evaluate power consumption. RESULTS Stand-by mode accounted for 60 % of machine time and 40 % of energy consumption, active mode accounted for 20 % machine time and 40 % energy consumption, idle mode for 20 % imachine time and 20 % consumption. DWI and TOF sequences were the most consuming in our brain-MRI protocol. The low energy consuming protocol allowed a saving of approximately 10 % of energy consumption, which amounted for 0.20€ for each examination. This difference was mainly due to an energy consumption reduction of the DWI sequence. There were no difference in consumption between a 3.0T 16 and 32 channels head coils. Sequence's active power and duration (especially considering slice thickness) have to be taken into account when trying to optimize energy consumption. CONCLUSION There are two key factors to consider when trying to reduce MRI scan energy consumption. Stand-by mode energy consumption has to be taken into account when choosing an MRI scan, as it can't be changed further on. Active mode energy consumption is dependent of the MRI protocols used, and can be reduced with sequences adaptation, which must take into account sequence's active power and duration, on top of image quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Chodorowski
- Service d'Imagerie Médicale, CHU Brest, Univ. Brest, Boulevard Tanguy Prigent, Brest CEDEX, 29609, France.
| | - Julien Ognard
- Service d'Imagerie Médicale, CHU Brest, Univ. Brest, Boulevard Tanguy Prigent, Brest CEDEX, 29609, France; INSERM UMR 1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de L'Information Médicale - LaTIM, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 22, Avenue C. Desmoulins, Brest 29238 Cedex 3, France
| | - Àlex Rovira
- Section of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jean-Christophe Gentric
- Service d'Imagerie Médicale, CHU Brest, Univ. Brest, Boulevard Tanguy Prigent, Brest CEDEX, 29609, France; Inserm, UMR 1304 (GETBO), Western Brittany Thrombosis Study Group, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
| | - David Bourhis
- Inserm, UMR 1304 (GETBO), Western Brittany Thrombosis Study Group, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France; Service de Physique Médicale, CHU Brest, France
| | - Douraied Ben Salem
- Service d'Imagerie Médicale, CHU Brest, Univ. Brest, Boulevard Tanguy Prigent, Brest CEDEX, 29609, France; INSERM UMR 1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de L'Information Médicale - LaTIM, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 22, Avenue C. Desmoulins, Brest 29238 Cedex 3, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang C, Li J, Wu H, Huang W, Da L, Shen Y, Sun G. A retrospective study on the efficacy and safety of Envafolimab, a PD-L1 inhibitor, in the treatment of advanced malignant solid tumors. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1356013. [PMID: 38357311 PMCID: PMC10864544 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1356013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Envafolimab, a PD-L1 inhibitor, has demonstrated potential in treating advanced malignant solid tumors (AMST). To study its' efficacy and safety in AMST, our retrospective study recruited 64 patients with various AMST, and treated with Envafolimab (400 mg every 3 weeks). We divided the patients into two cohorts: Cohort 1 (25 patients) receiving Envafolimab as first-line therapy, and Cohort 2 (39 patients) receiving it as second-line or subsequent therapy. Our analysis focused on Envafolimab's efficacy and safety. Over a median follow-up of 7.1 months, Cohort I reported a Disease Control Rate (DCR) of 72.0% and an Objective response rate (ORR) of 12.0%, while Cohort II had a DCR of 51.3% and an ORR of 5.1%. Notably, patients with more than four treatment cycles showed higher DCR and longer Progression-Free Survival (PFS) than those with fewer cycles. Adverse events were observed in 68.8% of patients, with severe events (CTCAE grade 3/4) in 14.1%. Most adverse events were mild, leading to treatment discontinuation in only 3.1% of patients, with no life-threatening events reported. In summary, Envafolimab is a safe and effective treatment for AMST, in both initial and later therapy stages, particularly with extended treatment duration, meriting further clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Guoping Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Stefan DC, Tang S. Addressing cancer care in low- to middle-income countries: a call for sustainable innovations and impactful research. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:756. [PMID: 37582762 PMCID: PMC10426184 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11272-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Most new cancer cases are currently arising in low- and middle-income countries, where their outcomes are significantly poorer compared to high-income countries. Innovative solutions are imperiously needed to prevent, detect early, and manage cancer in low- and middle-income countries, aiming to improve the chances of survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Cristina Stefan
- University of Global Health Equity, SingHealth Duke-NUS Global Health Institute, Kigali, Rwanda.
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Global Health Institute, Duke-NUS, Singapore.
| | - Shenglan Tang
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Global Health Institute, Duke-NUS, Singapore
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|