The associations between dietary pattern of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients and depression: a cross-sectional study

The Dietary Inflammatory Index and Early COPD: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

We examined 3962 people aged 20 to 49 years who had information on spirometry testing and underwent a 24 h dietary recall interview from the 2007-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and used multivariable logistic regression to evaluate associations between Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII, a pro-inflammatory diet) and early COPD and lung function. The overall prevalence of early COPD was 5.05%. Higher DII was associated with increased odds of early COPD (quartile 4 vs. 1, the OR = 1.657, 95% CI = 1.100-2.496, p = 0.0156). In a full-adjusted model, each unit of increase in DII score was associated with a 90.3% increase in the risk of early COPD. Higher DII is significantly associated with lower FEV1 and FVC among individuals with early COPD, each unit increment in the DII was significantly associated with 0.43 L-0.58 L decrements in FEV1 (β = -0.43, 95% CI = -0.74, -0.12) and FVC (β = -0.58, 95% CI = -1.01, -0.16). These findings demonstrate that higher consumption of a pro-inflammatory diet may contribute to an increased risk of early COPD and lower lung function, and further support dietary interventions as part of a healthy lifestyle in order to preserve lung function and prevent or improve COPD.

Correlation of Serum IL-18, BDNF, and IL-1β with Depression and Prognosis after Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Objective

To explore the correlation of serum IL-18, BDNF, and IL-1β with depression and prognosis after acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods

By means of retrospective analysis, the data of 240 patients at the acute exacerbation of COPD treated in our hospital (February 2018-February 2021) were analyzed. All patients received conventional treatment 1 d after admission, patients' serological indicators were measured before treatment, and after 30 d of follow-up, the patients were divided into the survival group (SG) and death group (DG) according to their clinical outcomes, the Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) scores of the surviving patients were investigated, the correlation of IL-18, BDNF, and IL-1β levels with depression was analyzed by R analytics, and the correlation of IL-18, BDNF, and IL-1β levels with prognosis was analyzed by ROC curve analysis.

Results

The results of 30 d follow-up showed that 220 patients survived (91.7%) and 20 patients died (8.3%). Among the surviving patients, 95 patients had depression and 125 patients did not have depression; the BDI scores of the depressed subjects and the nondepressed subjects were 10.35 ± 1.25 points and 2.06 ± 0.76 points, respectively; significant differences in IL-18, BDNF, and IL-1β levels between SG and DG were observed (P < 0.05); significant differences in IL-18, BDNF, and IL-1β levels between the depressed subjects and the nondepressed subjects were observed (538.43 ± 19.02 vs. 515.32 ± 9.65, 7.54 ± 0.56 vs. 12.11 ± 2.41, and 8.70 ± 0.98 vs. 8.12 ± 0.87; P < 0.001); among the depressed patients, the IL-18 and IL-1β levels were positively correlative with the BDI scores (r = 0.781, r = 0.2583, P < 0.001, P = 0.012), and the BDNF level was negatively correlative with the BDI scores (r = -0.3277, P = 0.001) before treatment; according to the ROC analysis, the AUC (95% CI) of IL-18, BDNF, and IL-1β in predicting prognosis was 0.8770 (0.8281-0.9260), 0.7723 (0.6879-0.8567), and 0.7165 (0.6080-0.8250) (P < 0.05), respectively.

Conclusion

In regard to the depression in COPD patients after acute exacerbation, IL18 and IL-1β show positive correlation, and BDNF presents negative correlation. All three indicators have predictive value for patient outcome.

Is any association between alternate healthy eating index (AHEI) with lipid profile and liver enzymes? A cross-sectional Study

PURPOSE

Based on evidence, there is a significant relationship between diet quality and the chronic conditions such as dyslipidemia and liver disorders. In the current study, we investigated the relationship between alternative healthy eating index (AHEI) and some biochemical measurements (lipid profile and liver enzymes).

METHODS

In this cross-sectional study, 127 hospital employees were randomly selected (of 250 screened volunteers). AHEI was estimated based on a 168 items food frequency questionnaire. The laboratory data [triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST)] were extracted from periodic examinations. The physical activity was also estimated with international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ).

RESULTS

Among 127 completed data, the mean AHEI score was 47.1. There was a direct relationship between AHEI score and HDL (P = 0.02). Among the AHEI components, the score of nuts and soybeans was directly associated with HDL level (P = 0.007). There was no association between the other AHEI components and selected biomarkers.

CONCLUSION

Nuts and soybeans consumption-one unit per day-may increase HDL levels. More studies are needed to evaluate the diet quality with the other dietary indices.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-021-00898-w.

Common Mental Disorders, Functional Limitation and Diet Quality Trends and Related Factors among COPD Patients in Spain, 2006-2017: Evidence from Spanish National Health Surveys

Certain conditions such as common mental disorders (CMDs), functional limitation (FL) and poor diet quality may affect the lives of individuals who suffer from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study sought to examine time trends in the prevalence of CMDs, FL and diet quality among male and female COPD patients living in Spain from 2006 to 2017 and to identify which factors were related to CMDs, FL and a poor/improvable diet quality in these patients. We performed a cross-sectional study among COPD patients aged ≥ 40 years old using data from the Spanish National Health Surveys conducted in 2006, 2011 and 2017, identifying a total of 2572 COPD patients. Binary logistic regressions were performed to determine the characteristics related to CMDs, FL and poor/improvable diet quality. Over the years of the study, the prevalence of FL among female COPD patients increased (p for trend <0.001). In addition, CMDs were associated to body mass index (BMI), educational level, physical activity, smoking status, occupation, chronic conditions and alcohol consumption; FL was related to age, living with a partner, educational level, physical activity and chronic conditions; and poor/improvable diet quality was associated to age, smoking status, BMI and physical activity.