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Wu J, Zhang Q, Wu J, Yang Z, Liu X, Lou C, Wang X, Peng J, Zhang J, Shang Z, Xiao J, Wang N, Zhang R, Zhou J, Wang Y, Hu Z, Zhang R, Zhang J, Zeng Z. IL-8 from CD248-expressing cancer-associated fibroblasts generates cisplatin resistance in non-small cell lung cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18185. [PMID: 38396325 PMCID: PMC10891307 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) presents a substantial barrier to effective care. It is still unclear how cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) contribute to NSCLC resistance to chemotherapy. Here, we found that CD248+ CAFs released IL-8 in NSCLC, which, in turn, enhanced the cisplatin (CDDP) IC50 in A549 and NCI-H460 while decreasing the apoptotic percentage of A549 and NCI-H460 in vitro. The CD248+ CAFs-based IL-8 secretion induced NSCLC chemoresistance by stimulating nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and elevating ATP-binding cassette transporter B1 (ABCB1). We also revealed that the CD248+ CAFs-based IL-8 release enhanced cisplatin chemoresistance in NSCLC mouse models in vivo. Relative to wild-type control mice, the CD248 conditional knockout mice exhibited significant reduction of IL-8 secretion, which, in turn, enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of cisplatin in vivo. In summary, our study identified CD248 activates the NF-κB axis, which, consecutively induces the CAFs-based secretion of IL-8, which promotes NSCLC chemoresistance. This report highlights a potential new approach to enhancing the chemotherapeutic potential of NSCLC-treating cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieheng Wu
- Department of ImmunologyGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
- The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, School of Biology and EngineeringGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou ProvinceGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
| | - Qiaoling Zhang
- Department of ImmunologyGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
| | - Jiangwei Wu
- Department of ImmunologyGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
| | - Zeyang Yang
- Department of ImmunologyGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
| | - Xinlei Liu
- Guizhou Prenatal Diagnsis CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
| | - Chunju Lou
- Department of ImmunologyGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
| | - Xuanyin Wang
- Department of ImmunologyGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
| | - Jiangying Peng
- Department of Pharmaceutical analysisZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Jinyuan Zhang
- School of Health ManagementGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Zhenling Shang
- Department of ImmunologyGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
| | - Jing Xiao
- Department of ImmunologyGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
| | - Nianxue Wang
- Department of ImmunologyGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
| | - Ruya Zhang
- Department of ImmunologyGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
| | - Jinyao Zhou
- Department of ImmunologyGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
| | - Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, School of Biology and EngineeringGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou ProvinceGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
| | - Zuquan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, School of Biology and EngineeringGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou ProvinceGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of ImmunologyGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
- The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
| | - Zhu Zeng
- Department of ImmunologyGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, School of Biology and EngineeringGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
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Hong YK, Lin YC, Cheng TL, Lai CH, Chang YH, Huang YL, Hung CY, Wu CH, Hung KS, Ku YC, Ho YT, Tang MJ, Lin SW, Shi GY, McGrath JA, Wu HL, Hsu CK. TEM1/endosialin/CD248 promotes pathologic scarring and TGF-β activity through its receptor stability in dermal fibroblasts. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:12. [PMID: 38254097 PMCID: PMC10804696 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01001-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathologic scars, including keloids and hypertrophic scars, represent a common form of exaggerated cutaneous scarring that is difficult to prevent or treat effectively. Additionally, the pathobiology of pathologic scars remains poorly understood. We aim at investigating the impact of TEM1 (also known as endosialin or CD248), which is a glycosylated type I transmembrane protein, on development of pathologic scars. METHODS To investigate the expression of TEM1, we utilized immunofluorescence staining, Western blotting, and single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) techniques. We conducted in vitro cell culture experiments and an in vivo stretch-induced scar mouse model to study the involvement of TEM1 in TGF-β-mediated responses in pathologic scars. RESULTS The levels of the protein TEM1 are elevated in both hypertrophic scars and keloids in comparison to normal skin. A re-analysis of scRNA-seq datasets reveals that a major profibrotic subpopulation of keloid and hypertrophic scar fibroblasts greatly expresses TEM1, with expression increasing during fibroblast activation. TEM1 promotes activation, proliferation, and ECM production in human dermal fibroblasts by enhancing TGF-β1 signaling through binding with and stabilizing TGF-β receptors. Global deletion of Tem1 markedly reduces the amount of ECM synthesis and inflammation in a scar in a mouse model of stretch-induced pathologic scarring. The intralesional administration of ontuxizumab, a humanized IgG monoclonal antibody targeting TEM1, significantly decreased both the size and collagen density of keloids. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that TEM1 plays a role in pathologic scarring, with its synergistic effect on the TGF-β signaling contributing to dermal fibroblast activation. Targeting TEM1 may represent a novel therapeutic approach in reducing the morbidity of pathologic scars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Kai Hong
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration (iWRR), National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Lin
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration (iWRR), National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Lin Cheng
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- College of Professional Studies, National Pingtung University of Science Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Han Lai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Han Chang
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lun Huang
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yi Hung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Han Wu
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration (iWRR), National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Shu Hung
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chu Ku
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ting Ho
- Department of Stem Cell Therapy Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ming-Jer Tang
- International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration (iWRR), National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Wha Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Guey-Yueh Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - John A McGrath
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Hua-Lin Wu
- International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration (iWRR), National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
- The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Chao-Kai Hsu
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
- International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration (iWRR), National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Zhang Y, Li T, Liu H, Wang L. Function and prognostic value of basement membrane -related genes in lung adenocarcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1185380. [PMID: 37214471 PMCID: PMC10196008 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1185380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has become a common cause of cancer-related death. Many studies have shown that the basement membrane (BM) is associated with the development of cancer. However, BM-related gene expression and its relationship to LUAD prognosis remains unclear. Methods: BM-related genes from previous studies were used. Clinical and mRNA expression information were obtained from TCGA database. Cox, minimum absolute contraction, and selection operator regression were applied to analyze the selected genes affecting LUAD prognosis. A prognostic-risk model was then established. Furthermore, this study applied Kaplan-Meier analysis to assess the outcomes of high- and low-risk groups, then explored their differences in drug sensitivity. The DSigDB database was used to screen for therapeutic small-molecule drugs. Results: Fourteen prognostic models based on BM-related genes were successfully constructed and validated in patients with LUAD. We also found that independence was a prognostic factor in all 14 BM-based models. Functional analysis showed that the enrichment of BM-related genes mainly originated from signaling pathways related to cancer. The BM-based model also suggested that immune cell infiltration is associated with checkpoints. The low-risk patients may benefit from cyclopamine and docetaxel treatments. Conclusion: This study identified a reliable biomarker to predict survival in patients with LUAD and offered new insights into the function of BM-related genes in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Zhang
- Department of Scientific Research, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xi’an Chest Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huanqing Liu
- Information Construction and Management Office, Northwest Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Scientific Research, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
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Cellular Heterogeneity and Molecular Reprogramming of the Host Response during Influenza Acute Lung Injury. J Virol 2022; 96:e0124622. [PMID: 36286482 PMCID: PMC9645213 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01246-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A dysregulated host response develops acute lung injury during IAV infection. However, the pathological immune mechanism(s) associated with acute lung injury during IAV infection is yet to be elucidated.
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Xu C, Zhang K, Yang F, Zhou X, Liu S, Li Y, Ma S, Zhao X, Lu T, Lu S, Zhang J, Li H, Han D, Wen W, Qin W. CD248 + Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts: A Novel Prognostic and Therapeutic Target for Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:773063. [PMID: 34970489 PMCID: PMC8712640 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.773063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in the progression of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are considered to constitute a major component of the TME and participate in various tumor-promoting molecular events. We have previously confirmed that CD248 represents a promising biomarker of CAFs, which may provide insight into CAF-based tumor-promoting effects. However, CAF-mediated tumor progression and the potential mechanism of CD248 remain largely unknown in RCC patients. METHODS Expression profiling and clinical data of RCC patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. An MCP-counter algorithm and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were performed to explore the prognostic value of CAFs and CD248, respectively. A Pearson correlation coefficient test and Student's t-test were employed to evaluate the relationship between immunosuppressive TME and CD248 or CAFs. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining were performed to confirm CD248 expression within CAFs. CD248-specific siRNA was used to investigate the potential function of CD248 in CAF tumor promotion. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs), weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and enrichment analysis were conducted to clarify the function of CD248+ CAFs in RCC progression and the associated regulatory mechanism. RESULTS CD248 overexpression and CAF infiltration could predict poor RCC prognosis, which may involve the immunosuppressive TME. CD248 may serve as a promising CAFs biomarker and be involved with the tumor-promoting effect of CAFs. Moreover, CD248+ CAF infiltration may contribute to RCC progression and an immunosuppressive TME through cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions and metabolism regulation. CONCLUSION CD248+ CAFs participate in the regulation of RCC progression and immunosuppressive TME, which may represent a novel prognostic and therapeutic target for RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xu
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Keying Zhang
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Fa Yang
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Innovation Port Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shaojie Liu
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shanjin Ma
- Department of Urology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhao
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Tong Lu
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shiqi Lu
- Department of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - JiaYu Zhang
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Hongji Li
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Donghui Han
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Weihong Wen
- Department of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Weijun Qin
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
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Christofides A, Cao C, Pal R, Aksoylar HI, Boussiotis VA. Flow Cytometric Analysis for Identification of the Innate and Adaptive Immune Cells of Murine Lung. J Vis Exp 2021:10.3791/62985. [PMID: 34866628 PMCID: PMC10859906 DOI: 10.3791/62985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The respiratory tract is in direct contact with the outside environment and requires a precisely regulated immune system to provide protection while suppressing unwanted reactions to environmental antigens. Lungs host several populations of innate and adaptive immune cells that provide immune surveillance but also mediate protective immune responses. These cells, which keep the healthy pulmonary immune system in balance, also participate in several pathological conditions such as asthma, infections, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. Selective expression of surface and intracellular proteins provides unique immunophenotypic properties to the immune cells of the lung. Consequently, flow cytometry has an instrumental role in the identification of such cell populations during steady-state and pathological conditions. This paper presents a protocol that describes a consistent and reproducible method to identify the immune cells that reside in the lungs of healthy mice under steady-state conditions. However, this protocol can also be used to identify changes in these cell populations in various disease models to help identify disease-specific changes in the lung immune landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthos Christofides
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School
| | - Carol Cao
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School; Harvard College
| | - Rinku Pal
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School
| | - Halil I Aksoylar
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School
| | - Vassiliki A Boussiotis
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School;
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Aoshima Y, Enomoto Y, Fukada A, Kurita Y, Matsushima S, Meguro S, Kosugi I, Kawasaki H, Katsura H, Fujisawa T, Enomoto N, Nakamura Y, Inui N, Suda T, Iwashita T. Metformin reduces pleural fibroelastosis by inhibition of extracellular matrix production induced by CD90-positive myofibroblasts. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:12318-12337. [PMID: 34956455 PMCID: PMC8661163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Metformin, an AMP-activated protein kinase activator used to treat diabetes mellitus, has recently attracted attention as a promising anti-fibrotic agent. However, its anti-fibrotic effects on pleural fibroelastosis remain unknown. We induced mouse pleural fibroelastosis by intra-pleural coadministration of bleomycin and carbon and evaluated its validity as a preclinical model for human pleural fibrosis. We assessed the expression of the myofibroblast surface marker CD90 in the fibrotic pleura and the effects of metformin in vivo and in vitro. Finally, we evaluated the effects of metformin on human pleural mesothelial cells stimulated by transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1). The fibrotic pleura in mice had collagen and elastin fiber deposition similar to that seen in human fibrotic pleura. Moreover, CD90-positive myofibroblasts were detected in and successfully isolated from the fibrotic pleura. Metformin significantly suppressed the deposition of collagen and elastic fibers in the fibrotic pleura and decreased the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM)-related genes, including Col1a1, Col3a1, Fn1, and Eln, in pleural CD90-positive myofibroblasts. In human pleural mesothelial cells, metformin decreased TGFβ1-induced upregulation of ECM-related genes and SNAI1. Overall, metformin suppresses pleural fibroelastosis by inhibition of ECM production by pleural myofibroblasts, suggesting that this drug has therapeutic potential against human pleural fibrosis, including pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichiro Aoshima
- Department of Regenerative and Infectious Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yasunori Enomoto
- Department of Regenerative and Infectious Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
- Laboratory for Lung Development and Regeneration, Riken Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR)Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Atsuki Fukada
- Department of Regenerative and Infectious Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yuki Kurita
- Department of Regenerative and Infectious Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Sayomi Matsushima
- Department of Regenerative and Infectious Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Shiori Meguro
- Department of Regenerative and Infectious Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Isao Kosugi
- Department of Regenerative and Infectious Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Hideya Kawasaki
- Department of Regenerative and Infectious Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
- Preeminent Medical Photonics Education and Research Center Institute for NanoSuit Research, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Katsura
- Laboratory for Lung Development and Regeneration, Riken Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR)Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Fujisawa
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Enomoto
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yutaro Nakamura
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Naoki Inui
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Takafumi Suda
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Toshihide Iwashita
- Department of Regenerative and Infectious Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka 431-3192, Japan
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Nurzat Y, Su W, Min P, Li K, Xu H, Zhang Y. Identification of Therapeutic Targets and Prognostic Biomarkers Among Integrin Subunits in the Skin Cutaneous Melanoma Microenvironment. Front Oncol 2021; 11:751875. [PMID: 34660316 PMCID: PMC8514842 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.751875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The roles of different integrin alpha/beta (ITGA/ITGB) subunits in skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) and their underlying mechanisms of action remain unclear. Oncomine, UALCAN, GEPIA, STRING, GeneMANIA, cBioPortal, TIMER, TRRUST, and Webgestalt analysis tools were used. The expression levels of ITGA3, ITGA4, ITGA6, ITGA10, ITGB1, ITGB2, ITGB3, ITGB4, and ITGB7 were significantly increased in SKCM tissues. The expression levels of ITGA1, ITGA4, ITGA5, ITGA8, ITGA9, ITGA10, ITGB1, ITGB2, ITGB3, ITGB5, ITGB6 and ITGB7 were closely associated with SKCM metastasis. The expression levels of ITGA1, ITGA4, ITGB1, ITGB2, ITGB6, and ITGB7 were closely associated with the pathological stage of SKCM. The expression levels of ITGA6 and ITGB7 were closely associated with disease-free survival time in SKCM, and the expression levels of ITGA6, ITGA10, ITGB2, ITGB3, ITGB6, ITGB7, and ITGB8 were markedly associated with overall survival in SKCM. We also found significant correlations between the expression of integrin subunits and the infiltration of six types of immune cells (B cells, CD8+ T cells, CD4+T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells). Finally, Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were performed, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed. We have identified abnormally-expressed genes and gene regulatory networks associated with SKCM, improving understanding of the underlying pathogenesis of SKCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeltai Nurzat
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijie Su
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peiru Min
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Heng Xu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Yang A, Yan X, Xu H, Fan X, Zhang M, Huang T, Li W, Chen W, Jia J, You H. Selective depletion of hepatic stellate cells-specific LOXL1 alleviates liver fibrosis. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21918. [PMID: 34569648 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100374r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The role of LOXL1 in fibrosis via mediating ECM crosslinking and stabilization is well established; however, the role of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs)-specific LOXL1 in the development of fibrosis remains unknown. We generated HSCs-specific Loxl1-depleted mice (Loxl1Gfap-cre mice) to investigate the HSCs-specific contribution of LOXL1 in the pathogenesis of fibrosis. Loxl1fl/fl mice were used as the control. Furthermore, we used RNA sequencing to explore the underlying changes in the transcriptome. Results of the sirius red staining, type I collagen immunolabeling, and hydroxyproline content analysis, coupled with the reduced expression of profibrogenic genes revealed that Loxl1Gfap-cre mice with CCl4 -induced fibrosis exhibited decreased hepatic fibrosis. In addition, Loxl1Gfap-cre mice exhibited reduced macrophage tissue infiltration by CD68-positive cells and decreased expression of inflammatory genes compared with the controls. RNA sequencing identified integrin α8 (ITGA8) as a key modulator of LOXL1-mediated liver fibrosis. Functional analyses showed that siRNA silencing of Itga8 in cultured fibroblasts led to a decline in the LOXL1 expression and inhibition of fibroblast activation. Mechanistic analyses indicated that LOXL1 activated the FAK/PI3K/AKT/HIF1a signaling pathway, and the addition of inhibitors of FAK or PI3K reversed these results via downregulation of LOXL1. Furthermore, HIF1a directly interacted with LOXL1 and upregulated its expression, indicating that LOXL1 can positively self-regulate by forming a positive feedback loop with the FAK/PI3K/AKT/HIF1a pathway. We demonstrated that HSCs-specific Loxl1 deficiency prevented fibrosis, inflammation and that ITGA8/FAK/PI3K/AKT/HIF1a was essential for the function and expression of LOXL1. Knowledge of this approach can provide novel mechanisms and targets to treat fibrosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiting Yang
- Experimental and Translational Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Clinical Medicine Institute, Beijing, P.R. China.,National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xuzhen Yan
- National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Beijing, P.R. China.,Liver Research Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Liver Cirrhosis, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Hufeng Xu
- Experimental and Translational Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Clinical Medicine Institute, Beijing, P.R. China.,National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xu Fan
- National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Beijing, P.R. China.,Liver Research Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Liver Cirrhosis, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Mengyang Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Beijing, P.R. China.,Liver Research Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Liver Cirrhosis, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Tao Huang
- Experimental and Translational Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Clinical Medicine Institute, Beijing, P.R. China.,National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Weiyu Li
- National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Beijing, P.R. China.,Liver Research Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Liver Cirrhosis, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Experimental and Translational Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Clinical Medicine Institute, Beijing, P.R. China.,National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jidong Jia
- Beijing Clinical Medicine Institute, Beijing, P.R. China.,National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Beijing, P.R. China.,Liver Research Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Liver Cirrhosis, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Hong You
- Beijing Clinical Medicine Institute, Beijing, P.R. China.,National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Beijing, P.R. China.,Liver Research Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Liver Cirrhosis, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
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10
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Queckbörner S, von Grothusen C, Boggavarapu NR, Francis RM, Davies LC, Gemzell-Danielsson K. Stromal Heterogeneity in the Human Proliferative Endometrium-A Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Study. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11060448. [PMID: 34067358 PMCID: PMC8224746 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11060448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The endometrium undergoes regular regeneration and stromal proliferation as part of the normal menstrual cycle. To better understand cellular interactions driving the mechanisms in endometrial regeneration we employed single-cell RNA sequencing. Endometrial biopsies were obtained during the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle from healthy fertile women and processed to single-cell suspensions which were submitted for sequencing. In addition to known endometrial cell types, bioinformatic analysis revealed multiple stromal populations suggestive of specific stromal niches with the ability to control inflammation and extracellular matrix composition. Ten different stromal cells and two pericyte subsets were identified. Applying different R packages (Seurat, SingleR, Velocyto) we established cell cluster diversity and cell lineage/trajectory, while using external data to validate our findings. By understanding healthy regeneration in the described stromal compartments, we aim to identify points of further investigation and possible targets for novel therapy development for benign gynecological disorders affecting endometrial regeneration and proliferation such as endometriosis and Asherman’s syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanna Queckbörner
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, S-171 64 Solna, Sweden; (S.Q.); (N.R.B.); (K.G.-D.)
| | - Carolina von Grothusen
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, S-171 64 Solna, Sweden; (S.Q.); (N.R.B.); (K.G.-D.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Nageswara Rao Boggavarapu
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, S-171 64 Solna, Sweden; (S.Q.); (N.R.B.); (K.G.-D.)
| | - Roy Mathew Francis
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology (IMBIM), Uppsala University, BMC, Husargatan 3, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden;
- National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden (NBIS), Department of Cell and Molecular Biology (ICM), Uppsala University, SciLifeLab, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lindsay C. Davies
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, S-141 52 Huddinge, Sweden;
| | - Kristina Gemzell-Danielsson
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, S-171 64 Solna, Sweden; (S.Q.); (N.R.B.); (K.G.-D.)
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11
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Wang Y, Wang W, Yang X, Chen W, Yang X, Pan X, Xu P, Zhu W, Han Y, Chen X. ITGA8 positive cells in the conventional outflow tissue exhibit Schlemm's canal endothelial cell properties. Life Sci 2021; 278:119564. [PMID: 33961857 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Elevated intraocular pressure is primarily induced by the increased resistance of conventional outflow of aqueous humor. Dysfunction of the juxtacanalicular region of trabecular meshwork (TM) and Schlemm's canal (SC) endothelium, as the main conventional outflow tissue, have been implicated as the major reasons for the increased resistance. Integrins are widespread in these tissues, especially alpha8 integrin (ITGA8). We aim to investigate the properties of cells expressing ITGA8 in the conventional outflow tissue. MAIN METHODS Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunofluorescence (IF) were performed to detect the mRNA and protein levels of ITGA8 in human conventional outflow tissue. ITGA8-positive cells were isolated from the cultured human TM cells through a magnetic bead-based approach. Flow Cytometry was used to determine the purification efficiency. The expressions of TM and SC biomarkers and dexamethasone-induced myocilin secretion capacity of ITGA8-positive cells was assessed by Real-time PCR, IF and Western blot. A gel contraction assay was performed to evaluate contractility of ITGA8-positive cells after endothelin 1 treatment. KEY FINDINGS ITGA8 was found with robust expression near the inner wall of SC endothelium. After purification, the proportion of ITGA8-positive cells were increased by about 10%. ITGA8-positive cells were identified with the properties as SC endothelial cells, such as more robust expressions of SC biomarkers, less dexamethasone-inducible myocilin expression, and stronger contractility. SIGNIFICANCE This study demonstrated that cells expressing ITGA8 in SC region possess more properties as SC endothelial cells. Our data implicate a crucial role of ITGA8 in aqueous humor (AH) outflow resistance regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Wenyan Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Xuejiao Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Wenshi Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xian Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiaojing Pan
- Qingdao Eye Hospital, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Peilong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang, University & Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yantao Han
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
| | - Xuehong Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
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12
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Abed S, Turner R, Serniuck N, Tat V, Naiel S, Hayat A, Mekhael O, Vierhout M, Ask K, Rullo AF. Cell-specific drug targeting in the lung. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 190:114577. [PMID: 33887259 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Non-targeted drug delivery systems have several limitations including the decreased bioavailability of the drug, poor stability and rapid clearance in addition to off-target distribution. Cell-specific targeted delivery approaches promise to overcome some of these limitations and enhance therapeutic selectivity. In this review, we aim to discuss cell-specific targeted approachesin the lung at the biochemical and molecular levels. These approaches include;a) directly administered small molecule drugs with intracellular action; b) targeted biologics and synthetic hybrids with extracellular action; c) site activateddrugs; and d) delivery systems.We discuss the pharmaceutical and biochemical parameters that govern the fate of drug molecules at delivery sites while presenting an overview of relevant literature surrounding this area of research and current advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumeya Abed
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Rebecca Turner
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Nickolas Serniuck
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Victor Tat
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Safaa Naiel
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Aaron Hayat
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Olivia Mekhael
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Megan Vierhout
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Kjetil Ask
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
| | - Anthony F Rullo
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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13
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Wu B, Tang L, Kapoor M. Fibroblasts and their responses to chronic injury in pulmonary fibrosis. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2020; 51:310-317. [PMID: 33440304 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The field of pulmonary fibrosis is rapidly expanding as new insights highlight novel mechanisms that influence fibroblast biology and likely promote aberrant and chronic activation of the tissue repair response. Current paradigms suggest repeated epithelial microinjury as a driver for pathology; however, the rapid expansion of pulmonary fibrosis research calls for an overview on how fibroblasts respond to both neighbouring cells and the injury microenvironment. This review seeks to highlight recent discoveries and identify areas that require further research regarding fibroblasts, and their role in pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Wu
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Departments of Surgery and of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - L Tang
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Departments of Surgery and of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Kapoor
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Departments of Surgery and of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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14
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Bormann T, Maus R, Stolper J, Jonigk D, Welte T, Gauldie J, Kolb M, Maus UA. Role of the COX2-PGE 2 axis in S. pneumoniae-induced exacerbation of experimental fibrosis. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 320:L377-L392. [PMID: 33296268 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00024.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an interstitial lung disease (ILD) associated with high morbidity and mortality. Patients with ILD frequently develop an acute exacerbation of their disease, which may be triggered by viral and/or bacterial infections. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is an eicosanoid released in a cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2)-dependent manner and is considered to contribute to regulation of lung fibrosis. However, its role in infection-induced exacerbation of lung fibrosis is poorly defined. We found significantly increased levels of PGE2 in lung tissue of patients with ILD. Increased levels of PGE2 were also found in lung tissue of mice with AdTGF-β1-induced lung fibrosis and even more so in Streptococcus pneumoniae exacerbated lung fibrosis. Type II alveolar epithelial cells (AT II cells) and alveolar macrophages (AM) contributed to PGE2 release during exacerbating fibrosis. Application of parecoxib to inhibit PGE2 synthesis ameliorated lung fibrosis, whereas intratracheal application of PGE2 worsened lung fibrosis in mice. Both interventions had no effect on S. pneumoniae-exacerbated lung fibrosis. Together, we found that the COX2-PGE2 axis has dual roles in fibrosis that may offset each other: PGE2 helps resolve infection/attenuate inflammation in fibrosis exacerbation but accentuates TGF-β/AT II cell-mediated fibrosis. These data support the efficacy of COX/PGE2 interventions in the setting of non-exacerbating lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Bormann
- Division of Experimental Pneumology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Regina Maus
- Division of Experimental Pneumology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jennifer Stolper
- Division of Experimental Pneumology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Danny Jonigk
- Department of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research, partner site BREATH, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tobias Welte
- German Center for Lung Research, partner site BREATH, Hannover, Germany.,Clinic for Pneumology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jack Gauldie
- Department of Medicine, Pathology, and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martin Kolb
- Department of Medicine, Pathology, and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ulrich A Maus
- Division of Experimental Pneumology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research, partner site BREATH, Hannover, Germany
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15
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Abstract
Abstract
Purpose of Review
In this brief review, we will highlight important observational and experimental data in the literature that address the origin of scar-forming cells in lung fibrosis.
Recent Findings
Several cellular sources of activated scar-forming cells (myofibroblasts) have been postulated including alveolar epithelial cells; circulating fibrocytes; and lung stromal cell subpopulations including resident fibroblasts, pericytes, and resident mesenchymal stem cells. Recent advances in lineage-tracing models, however, fail to provide experimental evidence for epithelial and fibrocyte origins of lung myofibroblasts. Resident mesenchymal cells of the lung, which include various cell types including resident fibroblasts, pericytes, and resident mesenchymal stem cells, appear to be important sources of myofibroblasts in murine models of lung injury and fibrosis.
Summary
Lung myofibroblasts likely originate from multiple sources of lung-resident mesenchymal cells. Their relative contributions may vary depending on the type of injury. Although lineage-tracing experiments have failed to show significant contribution from epithelial cells or fibrocytes, they may play important functional roles in myofibroblast activation through paracrine signaling.
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16
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Banda M, McKim KL, Myers MB, Inoue M, Parsons BL. Outgrowth of erlotinib-resistant subpopulations recapitulated in patient-derived lung tumor spheroids and organoids. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238862. [PMID: 32898185 PMCID: PMC7478813 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A model that recapitulates development of acquired therapeutic resistance is needed to improve oncology drug development and patient outcomes. To achieve this end, we established methods for the preparation and growth of spheroids from primary human lung adenocarcinomas, including methods to culture, passage, monitor growth, and evaluate changes in mutational profile over time. Primary lung tumor spheroids were cultured in Matrigel® with varying concentrations of erlotinib, a small molecule kinase inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) that is ineffective against KRAS mutant cells. Subtle changes in spheroid size and number were observed within the first two weeks of culture. Spheroids were cultured for up to 24 weeks, during which time interactions between different cell types, movement, and assembly into heterogeneous organoid structures were documented. Allele-specific competitive blocker PCR (ACB-PCR) was used to quantify low frequency BRAF V600E, KRAS G12D, KRAS G12V, and PIK3CA H1047R mutant subpopulations in tumor tissue residue (TR) samples and cultured spheroids. Mutant subpopulations, including multiple mutant subpopulations, were quite prevalent. Twelve examples of mutant enrichment were found in eight of the 14 tumors analyzed, based on the criteria that a statistically-significant increase in mutant fraction was observed relative to both the TR and the no-erlotinib control. Of the mutants quantified in erlotinib-treated cultures, PIK3CA H1047 mutant subpopulations increased most often (5/14 tumors), which is consistent with clinical observations. Thus, this ex vivo lung tumor spheroid model replicates the cellular and mutational tumor heterogeneity of human lung adenocarcinomas and can be used to assess the outgrowth of mutant subpopulations. Spheroid cultures with characterized mutant subpopulations could be used to investigate the efficacy of lung cancer combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malathi Banda
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, US Food & Drug Administration, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Karen L. McKim
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, US Food & Drug Administration, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Meagan B. Myers
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, US Food & Drug Administration, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Masahiro Inoue
- Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Barbara L. Parsons
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, US Food & Drug Administration, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas, United States of America
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17
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Xu T, Shao L, Wang A, Liang R, Lin Y, Wang G, Zhao Y, Hu J, Liu S. CD248 as a novel therapeutic target in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Clin Transl Med 2020; 10:e175. [PMID: 32997414 PMCID: PMC7507048 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary vascular remodeling is the most important pathological characteristic of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). No effective treatment for PAH is currently available because the mechanism underlying vascular remodeling is not completely clear. CD248, also known as endosialin, is a transmembrane protein that is highly expressed in pericytes and fibroblasts. Here, we evaluated the role of CD248 in pulmonary vascular remodeling and the processes of PAH pathogenesis. Activation of CD248 in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) was found to be proportional to the severity of PAH. CD248 contributed to platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB)-induced PASMC proliferation and migration along with the shift to more synthetic phenotypes. In contrast, treatment with Cd248 siRNA or the anti-CD248 therapeutic antibody (ontuxizumab) significantly inhibited the PDGF signaling pathway, obstructed NF-κB p65-mediated transcription of Nox4, and decreased reactive oxygen species production induced by PDGF-BB in PAMSCs. In addition, knockdown of CD248 alleviated pulmonary vascular remodeling in rat PAH models. This study provides novel insights into the dysfunction of PASMCs leading to pulmonary vascular remodeling, and provides evidence for anti-remodeling treatment for PAH via the immediate targeting of CD248.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- Life Science InstituteJinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouP. R. China
| | - Lei Shao
- Department of CardiologyFirst Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinP. R. China
| | - Aimei Wang
- Department of PhysiologyJinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouP. R. China
| | - Rui Liang
- Department of PhysiologyJinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouP. R. China
| | - Yuhan Lin
- Department of PhysiologyJinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouP. R. China
| | - Guan Wang
- Life Science InstituteJinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouP. R. China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Life Science InstituteJinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouP. R. China
| | - Jing Hu
- Life Science InstituteJinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouP. R. China
| | - Shuangyue Liu
- Department of PhysiologyJinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouP. R. China
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18
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Hu X, Wu T, Wang C, Li J, Ying C. CD248+CD8+ T lymphocytes suppress pathological vascular remodeling in human thoracic aortic aneurysms. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 246:121-129. [PMID: 32867546 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220953386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aortic aneurysms are characterized by vascular inflammation, neovascularization, and extracellular matrix destruction of the aortic wall. Although experimental studies indicate a potential role of CD248 in microvessel remodeling, the functions of CD248 in human vascular pathologies remain unexplored. Here we aimed to study how CD248 interferes with pathological vascular remodeling of human aortic aneurysms. Immunofluorescent staining showed that CD248 expression was mainly localized in the CD8+ T cells infiltrating in the adventitia and media of aortic walls of patients with ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms. qPCR and immunofluorescent staining analyses revealed increased aortic CD248 expression and infiltrating CD248+CD8+ T cells in aortic aneurysms than in nonaneurysmal aortas. Flow cytometry analysis of human peripheral blood further identified a fraction of circulating CD248+ cells which was confined in the CD8+ T-cell compartment. The increased infiltrating of CD248+CD8+ T cells was coincident with reduced circulating CD248+CD8+ T cells in patients with ascending TAA when compared with patients with coronary artery diseases and healthy donors. The CD248+CD8+ T cells were characterized by upregulated IL-10 and downregulated IL-1β/INF-γ expression when compared with CD248-CD8+ T cells. Moreover, when co-cultured with human aortic endothelial cells, the CD248+CD8+ T cells not only downregulated endothelial expression of ICAM1/VCAM1 and MMP2/3 but also suppressed endothelial migration. This study shows that CD248 reduces pathological vascular remodeling via anti-inflammatory CD248+CD8+ T cells, revealing a CD248-mediated cellular mechanism against human aortic aneurysms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Renji Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Chenxi Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jun Li
- Renji Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Chunmei Ying
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China
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19
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Fibroblasts as a Biological Marker for Curative Resection in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113890. [PMID: 32485981 PMCID: PMC7312973 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Achievement of microscopic tumor clearance (R0) after pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) surgery is determined by cancer biology rather than operative technique. Fibroblasts are known to play pro-cancer roles; however, a small subset was recently found to play anti-cancer roles. Therefore, we hypothesized that intratumor fibroblasts contribute to curative resection and a better survival of PDAC. Utilizing a large, publicly available PDAC cohort, we found that fibroblast composition was associated with R0 curative resection. A high amount of fibroblasts in PDACs was significantly associated with a higher amount of mature vessels, but not with blood angiogenesis. A high amount of fibroblasts was also associated with a higher infiltration of anti-cancer immune cells, such as CD8+ T-cells and dendritic cells, together with higher inflammatory signaling, including IL2/STAT5 and IL6/JAK/STAT3 signaling. Further, the fibroblast composition was inversely associated with cancer cell composition in the bulk tumor, along with an inverse association with proliferative characteristics, such as MYC signaling and glycolysis. The patients with high-fibroblast PDACs showed an improved prognosis. In conclusion, we found that PDACs with high fibroblasts were associated with a higher R0 resection rate, resulting in a better prognosis. These findings may be due to less aggressive biology with a higher vascularity and anti-cancer immunity, and a low cancer cell component.
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