The Effects of Injury Type on Health-Related Quality of Life in Youth Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.
Clin J Sport Med 2024;
34:52-60. [PMID:
38147630 DOI:
10.1097/jsm.0000000000001138]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
The relationship between health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and injury type has not been analyzed for young athletes. We hypothesized that there would be no difference in HRQoL between injured athletes, injured nonathletes, and normative data for healthy youth (NDHY) or among athletes with acute, overuse, or concussion injuries.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional clinical cohort.
SETTING
Primary care sports medicine clinics at 3 academic institutions.
PARTICIPANTS
Patients aged 8 to 18 years presenting with injury.
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
Injury type and athletic participation.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Health-related quality of life measured 1 month after injury through the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Pediatric-25 v2.0 assessed pain interference, peer relationships, depression, fatigue, anxiety, and mobility. One-way analysis of variance was performed with P values of <0.05 considered significant. Concussion Learning Assessment and School Survey (CLASS) evaluated academic performance.
RESULTS
Three hundred fifty-seven patients (36% male), with average age of 14.2 years, completed HRQoL and CLASS surveys following injury. There were 196 overuse injuries (55%), 119 acute injuries (33%), and 42 concussions (12%). Ninety-four percent were athletes. Six percent were nonathletes; 90.5% of concussed patients reported grades worsening. Concussed athletes reported more fatigue (P = 0.008) compared with other injury types but no worse than NDHY. Athletes with overuse injuries had lower mobility (P = 0.005) than other injury types and NDHY. Patients with lower HRQoL were female, older age, or required surgery. No other domains had significant differences by injury type nor did HRQoL differ between the athletes, nonathletes, and NDHY.
CONCLUSIONS
With the exception of injuries requiring surgery, HRQoL of injured young athletes was similar to NDHY in most domains.
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