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Goiato MC, da Silva EVF, Cândido NB, Nóbrega AS, de Medeiros RA, Sumida DH, Chiba FY, Dos Santos DM. Evaluation of the level of cortisol, capillary blood glucose, and blood pressure in response to anxiety of patients rehabilitated with complete dentures. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19:75. [PMID: 31053131 PMCID: PMC6499949 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0763-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim was to analyze the levels of stress of edentulous patients through the state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) and salivary flow through the visual analogue scale (VAS) xerostomia questionnaire, as well as analyze the levels of cortisol, capillary blood glucose, and blood pressure (BP) before and after the installation of complete dentures. METHODS Fifty patients were evaluated. The STAI and VAS xerostomia questionnaire were applied before the installation of the prosthesis, on the day of its installation, and 1 month after the last recall visit. The BP measurement, as well as salivary and blood collections, were performed before the installation of the prothesis, and 1 month after the last recall visit. Data from the VAS xerostomia questionnaire and cortisol levels were submitted to ANOVA and the Tukey test (P = .05). Data from the STAI, as well as blood glucose and BP levels, were submitted to the Chi-square test (P = .05). The correlation between cortisol and blood glucose and between cortisol levels and BP was analyzed. RESULTS There was no statistically significant association between the questions of the VAS xerostomia questionnaire, STAI-state and STAI-trait scores, or the periods analyzed. However, the cortisol level collected in the morning decreased after the installation of the prosthesis. There was a correlation between cortisol and blood glucose and BP levels. CONCLUSIONS The installation of complete dentures was beneficial for patients since it was probably responsible for the cortisol level reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Coelho Goiato
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Aracatuba Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Jose Bonifacio St., 1153, Vila Mendonca, Aracatuba, Sao Paulo, 16015-050, Brazil.
| | - Emily Vivianne Freitas da Silva
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Aracatuba Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Jose Bonifacio St., 1153, Vila Mendonca, Aracatuba, Sao Paulo, 16015-050, Brazil
| | - Nádia Biage Cândido
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Aracatuba Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Jose Bonifacio St., 1153, Vila Mendonca, Aracatuba, Sao Paulo, 16015-050, Brazil
| | - Adhara Smith Nóbrega
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Aracatuba Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Jose Bonifacio St., 1153, Vila Mendonca, Aracatuba, Sao Paulo, 16015-050, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Antonio de Medeiros
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, UNIEURO University Center, Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Doris Hissako Sumida
- Department of Basic Sciences, Aracatuba Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Aracatuba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Yamamoto Chiba
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Aracatuba Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Aracatuba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela Micheline Dos Santos
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Aracatuba Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Jose Bonifacio St., 1153, Vila Mendonca, Aracatuba, Sao Paulo, 16015-050, Brazil
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE This aimed to assess the potential role of chronic stress in saliva secretion, xerostomia, and oral health in a population attending a saliva clinic. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data of 114 patients who met the inclusion criteria and completed all questionnaires were analyzed in this study. Participants completed several validated questionnaires, including the Perceived Stress Scale, the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14), Xerostomia Inventory (XI), and Bother xerostomia Index (BI). Subsequently, the unstimulated, chewing-stimulated, and citric acid-stimulated saliva secretion rates were determined gravimetrically. Data were evaluated using Spearman's correlation analysis and the Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS A significant correlation was observed between perceived stress and XI score (r = 0.312, p = 0.001), as well as between perceived stress and BI score (r = 0.334, p = 0.001). Stress levels also were significantly associated with OHIP-14 scores (r = 0.420, p < 0.001), but an association between experienced stress and salivary flow rate could not be established. CONCLUSION In this population, perceived chronic stress seems to be related to several aspects of dry mouth, including the perception of dry mouth, suffering from dry mouth, and the impact on quality of life. These effects were independent of the use of psychotropic medication. No actual reduction in salivary flow was found. Further studies to explore the causal linkage of stress with xerostomia seem warranted. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Perceived chronic stress seems to be related with several aspects of dry mouth. This finding might be relevant in future prevention and treatment of xerostomia.
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