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Popa C, Sciuca AM, Onofrei BA, Toader S, Condurache Hritcu OM, Boțoc Colac C, Porumb Andrese E, Brănișteanu DE, Toader MP. Integrative Approaches for the Diagnosis and Management of Erosive Oral Lichen Planus. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:692. [PMID: 38611605 PMCID: PMC11011293 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14070692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Erosive oral lichen planus (EOLP) represents a significant challenge in dental and medical management due to its chronic inflammatory nature, painful symptoms, and impact on quality of life. This study aims to evaluate the current diagnostic approach with novel non-invasive techniques, such as dermoscopy, and also the landscape of treatment options for EOLP, focusing on its efficacy, safety, and the challenges that it present in clinical practice. Through a comprehensive literature review, we explored the use of topical corticosteroids, systemic immunosuppressants, biologics, and Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors in treating EOLP, alongside examining patient compliance, psychological impacts, and the risk of adverse effects and recurrence. Our findings reveal that while topical corticosteroids are the cornerstone of EOLP treatment, offering symptomatic relief, their long-term use is limited by side effects and tolerance development. Systemic therapies and biologics provide alternatives for refractory cases but necessitate careful adverse effect monitoring. JAK inhibitors show promise as an innovative treatment avenue but require more evidence on long-term safety and efficacy. This study highlights the necessity of personalized treatment approaches due to the variable disease course and response to treatment, underscoring the importance of a multidisciplinary strategy in managing EOLP. The complexity of EOLP treatment, compounded by its psychological and quality of life impacts, demands ongoing research into targeted therapies, the establishment of standardized treatment protocols, and the development of effective outcome measures to improve patient care and treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Popa
- Discipline of Oral Medicine, Oral Dermatology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (C.P.); (A.M.S.); (B.-A.O.); (O.M.C.H.); (M.P.T.)
| | - Ana Maria Sciuca
- Discipline of Oral Medicine, Oral Dermatology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (C.P.); (A.M.S.); (B.-A.O.); (O.M.C.H.); (M.P.T.)
| | - Bianca-Andreea Onofrei
- Discipline of Oral Medicine, Oral Dermatology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (C.P.); (A.M.S.); (B.-A.O.); (O.M.C.H.); (M.P.T.)
| | - Stefan Toader
- Discipline of Physiopathology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Oana Mihaela Condurache Hritcu
- Discipline of Oral Medicine, Oral Dermatology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (C.P.); (A.M.S.); (B.-A.O.); (O.M.C.H.); (M.P.T.)
| | - Cristina Boțoc Colac
- Dermatology Clinic, University Clinical Railways Hospital, 1 Garabet Ibraileanu Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Elena Porumb Andrese
- Discipline of Dermatology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (E.P.A.); (D.E.B.)
| | - Daciana Elena Brănișteanu
- Discipline of Dermatology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (E.P.A.); (D.E.B.)
| | - Mihaela Paula Toader
- Discipline of Oral Medicine, Oral Dermatology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (C.P.); (A.M.S.); (B.-A.O.); (O.M.C.H.); (M.P.T.)
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Wu T, Bai Y, Jing Y, Chen F. What can we learn from treatments of oral lichen planus? Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1279220. [PMID: 38426013 PMCID: PMC10902003 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1279220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP), a T-lymphocyte-mediated disease of the oral mucosa, has a complex pathogenesis that involves a number of factors. The disease is characterized by recurrent episodes and requires continuous follow up, and there is no curative treatment available. Erosive lichen planus, among others, has a risk of malignant transformation and requires standardized treatment to control its progression. Different clinical subtypes of oral lichen planus require appropriate treatment. Pharmacological treatments are the most widely available and have the greatest variety of options and a number of novel pharmacological treatments are presented as highlights, including JAK enzyme inhibitors. The second is photodynamic therapy, which is the leading physiological treatment. In addition, periodontal treatment and psychological treatment should not be neglected. In this review, we briefly discuss the most recent developments in therapies for oral lichen planus after summarizing the most widely used clinical treatments, aiming to provide different proposals for future clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wu
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yin Jing
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Fangchun Chen
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
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Edmans JG, Harrison S, Hatton PV, Murdoch C, Spain SG, Colley HE. Electrospinning polymersomes into bead-on-string polyethylene oxide fibres for the delivery of biopharmaceuticals to mucosal epithelia. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 157:213734. [PMID: 38109830 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Fibrous mucoadhesive polymer membranes prepared using electrospinning demonstrate many advantages for mucosal drug delivery compared to other formulations. Previous electrospun membrane formulations have been developed mainly for the delivery of small molecule drugs. There remains great potential to further develop the technology for the delivery of vesicular vectors that allow administration of advanced therapeutic agents. However, there are no previous reports demonstrating the release of intact drug delivery vesicles from electrospun materials. Here, we describe incorporation and release of protein-loaded polymersomes from polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based electrospun membranes. Polymersomes comprising a copolymer of glycerol monomethacrylate (GMA) and hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA) were prepared using polymerization-induced self-assembly and incorporated within PEO membranes using bead-on-string electrospinning at approximately 40 % w/w by polymer mass. Super-resolution fluorescence imaging showed that the vesicles remained intact and retained their encapsulated protein load within the fibre beads. Transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering demonstrated that polymersomes retained their morphology following release from the polymer fibres. F(ab) antibody fragments were encapsulated within polymersomes and then electrospun into membranes. 78 ± 13 % of the F(ab) remained encapsulated within polymersomes during electrospinning and retained functionality when released from electrospun membranes, demonstrating that the formulation is suitable for the delivery of biologics. Membranes were non-irritant to the oral epithelium and fluorescence microscopy detected accumulation of polymersomes within the epithelia following application. This innovative drug delivery approach represents a novel and potentially highly useful method for the administration of large molecular mass therapeutic molecules to diseased mucosal sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake G Edmans
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, 19 Claremont Crescent, Sheffield S10 2TA, United Kingdom; Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel Harrison
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Paul V Hatton
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, 19 Claremont Crescent, Sheffield S10 2TA, United Kingdom
| | - Craig Murdoch
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, 19 Claremont Crescent, Sheffield S10 2TA, United Kingdom.
| | - Sebastian G Spain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Helen E Colley
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, 19 Claremont Crescent, Sheffield S10 2TA, United Kingdom
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Louisy A, Humbert E, Samimi M. Oral Lichen Planus: An Update on Diagnosis and Management. Am J Clin Dermatol 2024; 25:35-53. [PMID: 37713153 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-023-00814-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease whose pathogenesis involves a T-cell mediated, epithelium-directed inflammation in response to unknown antigen(s). The disease evolves by intermittent flares and displays polymorphous clinical features (reticular, erosive, atrophic, plaque, papular, bullous, etc.). When present, symptoms vary depending on the clinical form and range from discomfort to severe pain. Topical superpotent corticosteroids constitute the first-line treatment of symptomatic flares, whereas a wide range of second/third-line treatments are available among topical calcineurin inhibitors, systemic corticosteroids, systemic retinoids, topical/systemic immunomodulators, etc. Follow-up of patients is necessary to detect transformation into squamous cell carcinoma, occurring in approximately 1% of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agathe Louisy
- Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
- Maxillofacial Surgery and Stomatology Department, CHU Tours, Tours, France
| | - Eiryann Humbert
- Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
- Department of Dermatology, CHU Tours, Avenue de la République, 37170, Tours, France
| | - Mahtab Samimi
- Université François Rabelais, Tours, France.
- Department of Dermatology, CHU Tours, Avenue de la République, 37170, Tours, France.
- INRA, UMR 1282, Tours, France.
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Torrezani A, Gallo CDB, Motta ACF, Siqueira CS, Rabelo GD, Júnior CAL. Desquamative gingivitis treatment with topical tacrolimus applied to a custom tray: an open trial regarding its efficacy on patients' symptoms. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2024; 137:30-36. [PMID: 37919196 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of topical tacrolimus offered on a custom tray to treat desquamative gingivitis (DG). STUDY DESIGN Eighteen patients with symptomatic DG related to oral lichen planus (OLP) or mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) were selected, of which 13 completed the study. Periodontal treatment was followed by the fabrication of a custom silicone tray to apply a tacrolimus gel formulation (0.1%). Clinical evaluation (complaint of pain and burning - visual analog scale from 0 to 10; and the presence of erythema, desquamation, vesicle/blister, erosion, ulcer, and bleeding) was performed by the same examiner on day 1, and every 15 days for 90 days. RESULTS Total remission was found in 4 patients (30.76%). Partial remission was found in 69.24% of the patients, classified with an excellent (30.76%), good (30.76%), and regular (7.69%) recovery, respectively. There was a reduction of about 60% in pain and 65% in burning sensation complaints. Wilcoxon test revealed significant differences between pre- and post-treatment pain and burning sensation symptoms (P < .01). CONCLUSION Topical application of 0.1% tacrolimus gel was effective in the treatment of DG in controlling pain and burning sensation, leading to the clinical remission of gingival lesions in patients with OLP and MMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Torrezani
- Stomatology Department, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Camila de Barros Gallo
- Stomatology Department, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Fragoso Motta
- Stomatology, Public Health & Forensic Department, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Gustavo Davi Rabelo
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Cui C, Mei L, Wang D, Jia P, Zhou Q, Liu W. A self-stabilized and water-responsive deliverable coenzyme-based polymer binary elastomer adhesive patch for treating oral ulcer. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7707. [PMID: 38001112 PMCID: PMC10673908 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43571-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral ulcer can be treated with diverse biomaterials loading drugs or cytokines. However, most patients do not benefit from these materials because of poor adhesion, short-time retention in oral cavity and low drug therapeutic efficacy. Here we report a self-stabilized and water-responsive deliverable coenzyme salt polymer poly(sodium α-lipoate) (PolyLA-Na)/coenzyme polymer poly(α-lipoic acid) (PolyLA) binary synergistic elastomer adhesive patch, where hydrogen bonding cross-links between PolyLA and PolyLA-Na prevents PolyLA depolymerization and slow down the dissociation of PolyLA-Na, thus allowing water-responsive sustainable delivery of bioactive LA-based small molecules and durable adhesion to oral mucosal wound due to the adhesive action of PolyLA. In the model of mice and mini-pig oral ulcer, the adhesive patch accelerates the healing of the ulcer by regulating the damaged tissue inflammatory environment, maintaining the stability of oral microbiota, and promoting faster re-epithelialization and angiogenesis. This binary synergistic patch provided a therapeutic strategy to treat oral ulcer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Li Mei
- Department of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Danyang Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Pengfei Jia
- Department of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Qihui Zhou
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences and Engineering, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Wenguang Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
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