Shared decision making and patients satisfaction with strabismus care-a pilot study

Shared decision making in the treatment of pediatric strabismus

PURPOSE

To quantify the results of shared decision making in pediatric strabismus surgery from the parent perspective using the nine-item Shared Decision Making (SDM) Questionnaire and the associations of SDM score with parental education level; secondarily, to evaluate postoperative parental satisfaction as a function of child age, parental education level, SDM scores, and motor outcomes.

METHODS

Consecutive parents of children 2-14 years of age with concomitant manifest strabismus that consented to strabismus surgery were surveyed using the SDM Questionnaire. A four-point Likert scale was used to gauge the level of postoperative satisfaction (POS). Potential predictors were estimated in multivariable regression analysis, with results adjusted for education level, children's age, and motor outcomes.

RESULTS

A total of 100 parents (86 women) completed the survey and were included. Significant differences for SDM score were found between individuals with university-level versus the other three educational levels (P < 0.001 for primary and secondary levels; P = 0.017 for college or lyceum level). Categorical regression analysis showed that POS level was inversely correlated with education level and positively correlated with SDM score. Children's age at time of surgery and postoperative motor outcome were not significantly associated with POS.

CONCLUSIONS

In our study cohort, SDM score was correlated with educational level. Satisfaction was greater among responders with higher SDM scores, indicating that SDM may help improve parent-reported satisfaction with treatment results.

Factors Influencing Participation in Shared Decision-Making Among Patients with Glaucoma in China: A Cross-Sectional Study

Purpose

To explore the level of participation in shared decision-making by patients with glaucoma and identify influencing factors, to subsequently provide references to promote shared decision-making in ophthalmology, and achieve patient-centered care.

Patients and Methods

A questionnaire was completed by 148 patients with glaucoma who had been admitted to a specialized ophthalmic hospital in China, between October 2021 and January 2022. The participants' responses to the nine-item Shared Decision-Making Questionnaire (SDM-Q-9) and a general information survey were analyzed to determine their level of participation in shared decision-making and influencing factors. Multiple linear regression was used to identify factors that influence shared decision-making at the time of clinical practice.

Results

The mean score of SDM-Q-9 was 71.73±21.27 (n=140). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that patients with negative attitudes towards participation in decision-making (P=0.023) and those who had rural insurance (P=0.017) had significantly lower SDM-Q-9 scores than those with positive attitudes and those with medical insurance. Patients who were more satisfied with their medical service had higher SDM-Q-9 scores (P<0.05).

Conclusion

Patients with glaucoma presented a high level of shared decision-making. Patients' attitudes towards participating in decision-making, the payment method of medical expenses, and the level of satisfaction with medical services are factors that influence their level of participation in shared decision-making.

A retrospective study of differences in patients’ anxiety and satisfaction between paper-based and computer-based tools for “Shared Decision-Making”

We aimed to investigate differences in patients’ anxiety and satisfaction between patients undergoing paper-based patient decision aid (PDA) for shared decision-making (SDM) and those receiving computer-based PDA. We retrospectively collected questionnaires before and after SDM. Basic demographic data as well as anxiety, satisfaction, knowledge acquisition, and participation in SDM were recorded. We divided our population into subgroups according to use of paper-based or computer-based PDA. In addition, Pearson correlation analysis was applied to assess the relationships among variables. In total, 304 patients who visited our Division of Nephrology were included in the final analysis. Overall, over half of the patients felt anxiety (n = 217, 71.4%). Near half of the patients felt a reduction in anxiety after SDM (n = 143, 47.0%) and 281 patients (92.4%) were satisfied with the whole process of SDM. When we divided all the patients based on use of paper-based or computer-based PDA, the reduction of anxiety level was greater in the patients who underwent paper-based PDA when compared with that of those who underwent computer-based PDA. However, there was no significant difference in satisfaction between the two groups. Paper-based PDA was as effective as computer-based PDA. Further studies comparing different types of PDA are warranted to fill the knowledge gaps in the literature.

Influences of decision preferences and health literacy on temporomandibular disorder treatment outcome

Background

Shared decision-making is defined as the process by which physicians and informed patients make a shared medical decision, taking into account the preferences and values of the patients. It is well known that shared decision-making practices improve both clinicians’ and patients’ satisfaction and lead to better treatment outcomes. The aim of the study was to assess associations between patients’ roles in decision-making, health literacy levels, and treatment outcomes of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs).

Methods

In total, 131 participants were enrolled. Participants underwent interview and physical examination at baseline and six months after TMD management. TMD was diagnosed according to Diagnostic Criteria/TMD criteria. Myofascial trigger points were bilaterally evaluated in the two masticatory muscles including the temporalis and masseter muscles. The roles that participants preferred to play or had perceived during decision-making and their health literacy levels were assessed using Control Preferences Scale and Newest Vital Sign, respectively.

Results

Participants who perceived themselves as occupying active roles in decision-making showed higher health literacy levels than those with passive perceived roles. Participants with appropriate health literacy showed higher perceived participation levels in decision-making than did those with limited health literacy. The extent of subjective symptomatic improvement after six months of treatment showed significant associations with perceived role in decision-making, despite lack of significant relationships between perceived role in decision-making and the extent of improvement of objective parameters.

Conclusion

Active participation of patients in decision-making improves the satisfaction but limited health literacy constitutes barriers to effective patient engagement during TMD management.

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-022-02420-x.

The relationship between evaluation of shared decision-making by pet owners and veterinarians and satisfaction with veterinary consultations

Background

Communication skills are a necessary competency in veterinary medicine, and shared decision-making (SDM) between practitioners and patients is becoming increasingly important in veterinary practice as in human medicine. There are few studies that have quantitatively measured SDM in veterinary health care, and the relationship between SDM and consultation satisfaction is unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of SDM implementation in veterinary hospitals and the relationship between SDM implementation and consultation satisfaction among pet owners. We conducted a cross-sectional study using self-administered questionnaires among pet owners and veterinarians. In total, 77 pet owners who visited a veterinary clinic and 14 veterinarians at the clinics participated in this study. After a veterinary clinic visit, owners were asked to rate their decision-making preferences using the Shared Decision Making Questionnaire for patients (SDM-Q-9) adapted for veterinary medicine, as well as their satisfaction with the consultation. The corresponding veterinarians were asked to complete the veterinary version of the survey (SDM-Q-Doc).

Results

Most pet owners (64.9%) preferred SDM in veterinary consultations. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.84 for the veterinary SDM-Q-9 and 0.89 for the veterinary SDM-Q-Doc both confirmed high reliability. The Spearman's correlation coefficient between the SDM-Q-9 and consultation satisfaction was 0.526 (p < 0.001), which was significant. The SDM-Q-Doc was not significantly correlated with either the SDM-Q-9 or pet owner consultation satisfaction. We conducted a sensitivity analysis of correlations among veterinarians; responses on the SDM-Q-Doc to examine the association between the SDM-Q-Doc and SDM-Q-9 and owner satisfaction; the results remained the same and no association was found.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that evaluation of SDM among pet owners was associated with their satisfaction with veterinary consultation. Veterinarians may be able to improve the satisfaction level of pet owners by adopting a consultation method that increases SDM. We did not consider the content of veterinary care or the number of visits to the veterinary clinic; future studies should be conducted to confirm the validity of our results.

Barriers and Facilitators to Participation in Health Screening: an Umbrella Review Across Conditions

Screening is an essential prevention practice for a number of health conditions. However, screening coverage remains generally low. Studies that investigate determinants of screening participation are becoming more common, but oftentimes investigate screening for health conditions in an individualized rather than integrated fashion. In routine clinical practice, however, healthcare professionals are often confronted with situations in which several screening procedures are recommended for the same patient. The consideration of their common determinants may support a more integrated screening approach. The objectives of this umbrella review were therefore to examine: 1) the determinants (barriers and facilitators) that have been identified in relation to recommended health screening procedures; and 2) the modifiable determinants (in primary care) common across health conditions or specific to individual procedures. Results were presented through a narrative synthesis. PubMed, PsycInfo and Cochrane were searched up to January 2022. Systematic reviews reporting determinants of participation in health screening procedures with grade A or B recommendation according to the US Preventive Services Task Force were included. A total of 85 systematic reviews were included, most which contained both qualitative and quantitative studies on determinants that describe individual factors (961 occurrences), social factors (113 occurrences, healthcare professional factors (149 occurrences), health system factors (105 occurrences) and screening procedure factors (99 occurrences). The most studied screening procedures concerned cervical cancer/human papillomavirus (n = 33), breast cancer (n = 28), colorectal cancer (n = 25) and the human immunodeficiency virus (n = 12). Other conditions have been under-studied (e.g. cardiovascular problems, lung cancer, syphilis). The individual domain, including determinants such as knowledge, beliefs and emotions, was the most covered across health conditions. Healthcare professional's recommendations and the quality of patient-provider communication were identified to have a strong influence on screening participation in most conditions. The other three domains included determinants which were more specific to a condition or a population. Various determinants modifiable in primary care were found in the individual domain and in the health system, healthcare professional and screening procedure domains. Quality was assessed as low for most systematic reviews included. The identification of various modifiable determinants common across conditions highlights the potential of an integrated screening participation approach. Interventions may address common determinants in a broader person-centred framework within which tailoring to specific procedures or populations can be considered. This approach needs to be explored in intervention studies. The systematic review registration is PROSPERO CRD42019126709.

Application of Absorbable Suture in Strabismus Correction and Nursing Management Advantage of Watson Care Theory in Perioperative Period

Objectives

The article is aimed at investigating the suture effect of absorbable suture in strabismus correction and the advantage of Watson care theory.

Methods

148 children with strabismus were enrolled in this study and divided into two groups. The control group received routine nursing, and on this basis, the observation group was given Watson care theory nursing and eye muscle suture with absorbable sutures. The degree of cooperation (induction compliance checklist (ICC) score), negative emotion (modified Yale preoperative anxiety scale (m-YAPS) score), pain (face pain scale (FPS) score), quality of nursing management, parents' satisfaction, clinical efficacy, and adverse reactions were compared.

Results

After nursing and surgical treatment, all children's strabismus symptoms were improved, and the improvement of strabismus and visual function in the observation group was more obvious. Watson care nursing can effectively improve the nursing management quality, parents' satisfaction, children's negative emotions, and treatment compliance.

Conclusions

As a result, Watson care theory nursing is of great significance for improving the relationship between nurses and patients and building a harmonious hospital.

Exploring the Key Factors of Shared Decision-Making Through an Influential Network Relation Map: The Orthopedic Nurse's Perspective

Background

Few studies have used quantitative methods to explore the key factors affecting shared decision-making (SDM) in nursing decision-making from the perspective of orthopedic nurses.

Purpose

To understand the intercorrelations among shared decision-making questionnaire–nurse (SDM-Q-NUR) factors and identify key factors for clinical nursing care decisions in orthopedics.

Methods

In May 2021, this study investigated the interdependence of the SDM-Q-NUR scale and developed an influential network-relation map (INRM) from the clinical experience of 13 trained orthopedic nurses using the Decision-making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory method.

Results

The INRM results showed that the nine criteria corresponded to three stages: preparation, discussion, and decision. “I helped my patient or patient's family understand all the information” (C₅) and “I wanted to know from my patient or patient's family how they want to be involved in making the nursing care decision” (C₂) are the main key factors for the beginning of nursing decision. In the discussion and decision stages, the corresponding key factors are “I made it clear to my patient or patient's family that a nursing care decision needs to be made” (C₁) and “I asked my patient or patient's family which nursing care option they prefer” (C₆). The result's statistical significance confidence and gap error were 98.106% and 1.894%, respectively.

Conclusions

When making nursing decisions with patients, orthopedic nurses need to have detailed information about how patients are involved in SDM and all relevant information. Nurses should also inform patients and their families regarding the purpose of the discussion, namely, to help one understand the content, advantages, and disadvantages of the nursing care options, and finally, make a decision.