Adopting wearables to customize health insurance contributions: a ranking-type Delphi

Privacy in consumer wearable technologies: a living systematic analysis of data policies across leading manufacturers

The widespread adoption of consumer wearable devices has enabled continuous biometric data collection at an unprecedented scale, raising important questions about data privacy, security, and user rights. In this study, we systematically evaluated the privacy policies of 17 leading wearable technology manufacturers using a novel rubric comprising 24 criteria across seven dimensions: transparency, data collection purposes, data minimization, user control and rights, third-party data sharing, data security, and breach notification. High Risk ratings were most frequent for transparency reporting (76%) and vulnerability disclosure (65%), while Low Risk ratings were common for identity policy (94%) and data access (71%). Xiaomi, Wyze, and Huawei had the highest cumulative risk scores, whereas Google, Apple, and Polar ranked lowest. Our findings highlight inconsistencies in data governance across the industry and underscore the need for stronger, sector-specific privacy standards. This living review will track ongoing policy changes and promote accountability in this rapidly evolving domain.

Digital health in pharmacy education: Elective practical course integrating wearable devices and their generated health data

The widespread adoption of wearable devices (wearables) for monitoring vital signs, including blood pressure and glucose levels, has experienced a considerable surge in recent times. This surge has led to the generation of a substantial amount of health data, accessible to pharmacists during patient consultations as the healthcare sector advances in digitalization. To enhance the digital competencies of future pharmacists required by the rapidly changing digital health landscape, the Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapy, Heinrich Heine University (HHU) Duesseldorf has developed an innovative elective practical course aimed to bolster pharmacy students' competencies in handling wearables and the health data generated. The three-week practical elective course employed wearables FreeStyle Libre® 3 (Continuous Glucose Monitoring, CGM) and Aktiia (Cuffless Blood Pressure Monitoring). The hands-on activities allowed participants to obtain and interpret wearable-generated health-related data and acquainted them with simulated patient cases. Final-year pharmacy students' subjective assessments before and after the course depicted the increased knowledge and competence regarding analysing wearables data.

Smart Consumer Wearables as Digital Diagnostic Tools: A Review

The increasing usage of smart wearable devices has made an impact not only on the lifestyle of the users, but also on biological research and personalized healthcare services. These devices, which carry different types of sensors, have emerged as personalized digital diagnostic tools. Data from such devices have enabled the prediction and detection of various physiological as well as psychological conditions and diseases. In this review, we have focused on the diagnostic applications of wrist-worn wearables to detect multiple diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, fatty liver diseases, and metabolic disorders, including diabetes, sleep quality, and psychological illnesses. The fruitful usage of wearables requires fast and insightful data analysis, which is feasible through machine learning. In this review, we have also discussed various machine-learning applications and outcomes for wearable data analyses. Finally, we have discussed the current challenges with wearable usage and data, and the future perspectives of wearable devices as diagnostic tools for research and personalized healthcare domains.