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Zerihun M, Qvit N. Selective inhibitors targeting Fis1/Mid51 protein-protein interactions protect against hypoxia-induced damage in cardiomyocytes. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1275370. [PMID: 38192411 PMCID: PMC10773907 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1275370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the most common non-communicable diseases globally. An estimated 17.9 million people died from CVDs in 2019, representing 32% of all global deaths. Mitochondria play critical roles in cellular metabolic homeostasis, cell survival, and cell death, as well as producing most of the cell's energy. Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) have a significant role in physiological and pathological processes, and aberrant PPIs are associated with various diseases, therefore they are potential drug targets for a broad range of therapeutic areas. Due to their ability to mimic natural interaction motifs and cover relatively larger interaction region, peptides are very promising as PPI inhibitors. To expedite drug discovery, computational approaches are widely used for screening potential lead compounds. Here, we developed peptides that inhibit mitochondrial fission 1 (Fis1)/mitochondrial dynamics 51 kDa (Mid51) PPI to reduce the cellular damage that can lead to various human pathologies, such as CVDs. Based on a rational design approach we developed peptide inhibitors of the Fis1/Mid51 PPI. In silico and in vitro studies were done to evaluate the biological activity and molecular interactions of the peptides. Two peptides, CVP-241 and CVP-242 were identified based on low binding energy and molecular dynamics simulations. These peptides inhibit Fis1/Mid51 PPI (-1324.9 kcal mol-1) in docking calculations (CVP-241, -741.3 kcal mol-1, and CVP-242, -747.4 kcal mol-1), as well as in vitro experimental studies Fis1/Mid51 PPI (KD 0.054 µM) Fis1/Mid51 PPI + CVP-241 (KD 3.43 µM), and Fis1/Mid51 PPI + CVP-242 (KD 44.58 µM). Finally, these peptides have no toxicity to H9c2 cells, and they increase cell viability in cardiomyocytes (H9c2 cells). Consequently, the identified inhibitor peptides could serve as potent molecules in basic research and as leads for therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nir Qvit
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
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2
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Cáceres C, Heusser B, Garnham A, Moczko E. The Major Hypotheses of Alzheimer's Disease: Related Nanotechnology-Based Approaches for Its Diagnosis and Treatment. Cells 2023; 12:2669. [PMID: 38067098 PMCID: PMC10705786 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a well-known chronic neurodegenerative disorder that leads to the progressive death of brain cells, resulting in memory loss and the loss of other critical body functions. In March 2019, one of the major pharmaceutical companies and its partners announced that currently, there is no drug to cure AD, and all clinical trials of the new ones have been cancelled, leaving many people without hope. However, despite the clear message and startling reality, the research continued. Finally, in the last two years, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first-ever medications to treat Alzheimer's, aducanumab and lecanemab. Despite researchers' support of this decision, there are serious concerns about their effectiveness and safety. The validation of aducanumab by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services is still pending, and lecanemab was authorized without considering data from the phase III trials. Furthermore, numerous reports suggest that patients have died when undergoing extended treatment. While there is evidence that aducanumab and lecanemab may provide some relief to those suffering from AD, their impact remains a topic of ongoing research and debate within the medical community. The fact is that even though there are considerable efforts regarding pharmacological treatment, no definitive cure for AD has been found yet. Nevertheless, it is strongly believed that modern nanotechnology holds promising solutions and effective clinical strategies for the development of diagnostic tools and treatments for AD. This review summarizes the major hallmarks of AD, its etiological mechanisms, and challenges. It explores existing diagnostic and therapeutic methods and the potential of nanotechnology-based approaches for recognizing and monitoring patients at risk of irreversible neuronal degeneration. Overall, it provides a broad overview for those interested in the evolving areas of clinical neuroscience, AD, and related nanotechnology. With further research and development, nanotechnology-based approaches may offer new solutions and hope for millions of people affected by this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ewa Moczko
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Viña del Mar 2562307, Chile; (C.C.)
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3
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Zhang L, Miao M, Xu X, Bai M, Wu M, Zhang A. From Physiology to Pathology: The Role of Mitochondria in Acute Kidney Injuries and Chronic Kidney Diseases. KIDNEY DISEASES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 9:342-357. [PMID: 37901706 PMCID: PMC10601966 DOI: 10.1159/000530485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Background Renal diseases remain an increasing public health issue affecting millions of people. The kidney is a highly energetic organ that is rich in mitochondria. Numerous studies have demonstrated the important role of mitochondria in maintaining normal kidney function and in the pathogenesis of various renal diseases, including acute kidney injuries (AKIs) and chronic kidney diseases (CKDs). Summary Under physiological conditions, fine-tuning mitochondrial energy balance, mitochondrial dynamics (fission and fusion processes), mitophagy, and biogenesis maintain mitochondrial fitness. While under AKI and CKD conditions, disruption of mitochondrial energy metabolism leads to increased oxidative stress. In addition, mitochondrial dynamics shift to excessive mitochondrial fission, mitochondrial autophagy is impaired, and mitochondrial biogenesis is also compromised. These mitochondrial injuries regulate renal cellular functions either directly or indirectly. Mitochondria-targeted approaches, containing genetic (microRNAs) and pharmaceutical methods (mitochondria-targeting antioxidants, mitochondrial permeability pore inhibitors, mitochondrial fission inhibitors, and biogenesis activators), are emerging as important therapeutic strategies for AKIs and CKDs. Key Messages Mitochondria play a critical role in the pathogenesis of AKIs and CKDs. This review provides an updated overview of mitochondrial homeostasis under physiological conditions and the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in renal diseases. Finally, we summarize the current status of mitochondria-targeted strategies in attenuating renal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingge Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengqiu Miao
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyue Xu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mi Bai
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengqiu Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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4
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Chen M, Yan R, Ding L, Luo J, Ning J, Zhou R. Research Advances of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorders. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:2983-2995. [PMID: 37294392 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03962-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) increases postoperative dementia and mortality in patients and has no effective treatment. Although the detailed pathogenesis of PND is still elusive, a large amount of evidence suggests that damaged mitochondria may play an important role in the pathogenesis of PND. A healthy mitochondrial pool not only provides energy for neuronal metabolism but also maintains neuronal activity through other mitochondrial functions. Therefore, exploring the abnormal mitochondrial function in PND is beneficial for finding promising therapeutic targets for this disease. This article summarizes the research advances of mitochondrial energy metabolism disorder, inflammatory response and oxidative stress, mitochondrial quality control, mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes, and cell death in the pathogenesis of PND, and briefly describes the application of mitochondria-targeted therapies in PND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Chen
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Ruyu Yan
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Lingling Ding
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China.
| | - Jiansheng Luo
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Jiaqi Ning
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Ruiling Zhou
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
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5
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Muñoz JP, Basei FL, Rojas ML, Galvis D, Zorzano A. Mechanisms of Modulation of Mitochondrial Architecture. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1225. [PMID: 37627290 PMCID: PMC10452872 DOI: 10.3390/biom13081225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial network architecture plays a critical role in cellular physiology. Indeed, alterations in the shape of mitochondria upon exposure to cellular stress can cause the dysfunction of these organelles. In this scenario, mitochondrial dynamics proteins and the phospholipid composition of the mitochondrial membrane are key for fine-tuning the modulation of mitochondrial architecture. In addition, several factors including post-translational modifications such as the phosphorylation, acetylation, SUMOylation, and o-GlcNAcylation of mitochondrial dynamics proteins contribute to shaping the plasticity of this architecture. In this regard, several studies have evidenced that, upon metabolic stress, mitochondrial dynamics proteins are post-translationally modified, leading to the alteration of mitochondrial architecture. Interestingly, several proteins that sustain the mitochondrial lipid composition also modulate mitochondrial morphology and organelle communication. In this context, pharmacological studies have revealed that the modulation of mitochondrial shape and function emerges as a potential therapeutic strategy for metabolic diseases. Here, we review the factors that modulate mitochondrial architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Muñoz
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernanda Luisa Basei
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-871 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - María Laura Rojas
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - David Galvis
- Programa de Química Farmacéutica, Universidad CES, Medellín 050031, Colombia
| | - Antonio Zorzano
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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6
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Chen R, Niu M, Hu X, He Y. Targeting mitochondrial dynamics proteins for the treatment of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1241225. [PMID: 37602332 PMCID: PMC10437218 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1241225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is an extensively used chemotherapeutic agent that can cause severe and frequent cardiotoxicity, which limits its clinical application. Although there have been extensive researches on the cardiotoxicity caused by DOX, there is still a lack of effective treatment. It is necessary to understand the molecular mechanism of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity and search for new therapeutic targets which do not sacrifice their anticancer effects. Mitochondria are considered to be the main target of cardiotoxicity caused by DOX. The imbalance of mitochondrial dynamics characterized by increased mitochondrial fission and inhibited mitochondrial fusion is often reported in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, which can result in excessive ROS production, energy metabolism disorders, cell apoptosis, and various other problems. Also, mitochondrial dynamics disorder is related to tumorigenesis. Surprisingly, recent studies show that targeting mitochondrial dynamics proteins such as DRP1 and MFN2 can not only defend against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity but also enhance or not impair the anticancer effect. Herein, we summarize mitochondrial dynamics disorder in DOX-induced cardiac injury. Furthermore, we provide an overview of current pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions targeting proteins involved in mitochondrial dynamics to alleviate cardiac damage caused by DOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mengwen Niu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Hu
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuquan He
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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7
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Bhatti JS, Kaur S, Mishra J, Dibbanti H, Singh A, Reddy AP, Bhatti GK, Reddy PH. Targeting dynamin-related protein-1 as a potential therapeutic approach for mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166798. [PMID: 37392948 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that manifests its pathology through synaptic damage, mitochondrial abnormalities, microRNA deregulation, hormonal imbalance, increased astrocytes & microglia, accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) and phosphorylated Tau in the brains of AD patients. Despite extensive research, the effective treatment of AD is still unknown. Tau hyperphosphorylation and mitochondrial abnormalities are involved in the loss of synapses, defective axonal transport and cognitive decline in patients with AD. Mitochondrial dysfunction is evidenced by enhanced mitochondrial fragmentation, impaired mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial biogenesis and defective mitophagy in AD. Hence, targeting mitochondrial proteins might be a promising therapeutic strategy in treating AD. Recently, dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), a mitochondrial fission protein, has gained attention due to its interactions with Aβ and hyperphosphorylated Tau, altering mitochondrial morphology, dynamics, and bioenergetics. These interactions affect ATP production in mitochondria. A reduction in Drp1 GTPase activity protects against neurodegeneration in AD models. This article provides a comprehensive overview of Drp1's involvement in oxidative damage, apoptosis, mitophagy, and axonal transport of mitochondria. We also highlighted the interaction of Drp1 with Aβ and Tau, which may contribute to AD progression. In conclusion, targeting Drp1 could be a potential therapeutic approach for preventing AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.
| | - Satinder Kaur
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Jayapriya Mishra
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | | | - Arti Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Arubala P Reddy
- Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, 1301 Akron Ave, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
| | - Gurjit Kaur Bhatti
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, University Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India.
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, 1301 Akron Ave, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
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8
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She R, Liu D, Liao J, Wang G, Ge J, Mei Z. Mitochondrial dysfunctions induce PANoptosis and ferroptosis in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury: from pathology to therapeutic potential. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1191629. [PMID: 37293623 PMCID: PMC10244524 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1191629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) accounts for more than 80% of the total stroke, which represents the leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CI/RI) is a cascade of pathophysiological events following the restoration of blood flow and reoxygenation, which not only directly damages brain tissue, but also enhances a series of pathological signaling cascades, contributing to inflammation, further aggravate the damage of brain tissue. Paradoxically, there are still no effective methods to prevent CI/RI, since the detailed underlying mechanisms remain vague. Mitochondrial dysfunctions, which are characterized by mitochondrial oxidative stress, Ca2+ overload, iron dyshomeostasis, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) defects and mitochondrial quality control (MQC) disruption, are closely relevant to the pathological process of CI/RI. There is increasing evidence that mitochondrial dysfunctions play vital roles in the regulation of programmed cell deaths (PCDs) such as ferroptosis and PANoptosis, a newly proposed conception of cell deaths characterized by a unique form of innate immune inflammatory cell death that regulated by multifaceted PANoptosome complexes. In the present review, we highlight the mechanisms underlying mitochondrial dysfunctions and how this key event contributes to inflammatory response as well as cell death modes during CI/RI. Neuroprotective agents targeting mitochondrial dysfunctions may serve as a promising treatment strategy to alleviate serious secondary brain injuries. A comprehensive insight into mitochondrial dysfunctions-mediated PCDs can help provide more effective strategies to guide therapies of CI/RI in IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruining She
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Danhong Liu
- Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jun Liao
- Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guozuo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jinwen Ge
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhigang Mei
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
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9
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The Drp1-Mediated Mitochondrial Fission Protein Interactome as an Emerging Core Player in Mitochondrial Dynamics and Cardiovascular Disease Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065785. [PMID: 36982862 PMCID: PMC10057413 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria, the membrane-bound cell organelles that supply most of the energy needed for cell function, are highly regulated, dynamic organelles bearing the ability to alter both form and functionality rapidly to maintain normal physiological events and challenge stress to the cell. This amazingly vibrant movement and distribution of mitochondria within cells is controlled by the highly coordinated interplay between mitochondrial dynamic processes and fission and fusion events, as well as mitochondrial quality-control processes, mainly mitochondrial autophagy (also known as mitophagy). Fusion connects and unites neighboring depolarized mitochondria to derive a healthy and distinct mitochondrion. In contrast, fission segregates damaged mitochondria from intact and healthy counterparts and is followed by selective clearance of the damaged mitochondria via mitochondrial specific autophagy, i.e., mitophagy. Hence, the mitochondrial processes encompass all coordinated events of fusion, fission, mitophagy, and biogenesis for sustaining mitochondrial homeostasis. Accumulated evidence strongly suggests that mitochondrial impairment has already emerged as a core player in the pathogenesis, progression, and development of various human diseases, including cardiovascular ailments, the leading causes of death globally, which take an estimated 17.9 million lives each year. The crucial factor governing the fission process is the recruitment of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), a GTPase that regulates mitochondrial fission, from the cytosol to the outer mitochondrial membrane in a guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-dependent manner, where it is oligomerized and self-assembles into spiral structures. In this review, we first aim to describe the structural elements, functionality, and regulatory mechanisms of the key mitochondrial fission protein, Drp1, and other mitochondrial fission adaptor proteins, including mitochondrial fission 1 (Fis1), mitochondrial fission factor (Mff), mitochondrial dynamics 49 (Mid49), and mitochondrial dynamics 51 (Mid51). The core area of the review focuses on the recent advances in understanding the role of the Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission adaptor protein interactome to unravel the missing links of mitochondrial fission events. Lastly, we discuss the promising mitochondria-targeted therapeutic approaches that involve fission, as well as current evidence on Drp1-mediated fission protein interactions and their critical roles in the pathogeneses of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).
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10
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Multi-Omics Profiling of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Reveals Altered Mechanisms in Mitochondrial Dynamics and Excitation-Contraction Coupling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054724. [PMID: 36902152 PMCID: PMC10002553 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is one of the most common inherited cardiomyopathies and a leading cause of sudden cardiac death in young adults. Despite profound insights into the genetics, there is imperfect correlation between mutation and clinical prognosis, suggesting complex molecular cascades driving pathogenesis. To investigate this, we performed an integrated quantitative multi-omics (proteomic, phosphoproteomic, and metabolomic) analysis to illuminate the early and direct consequences of mutations in myosin heavy chain in engineered human induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived cardiomyocytes relative to late-stage disease using patient myectomies. We captured hundreds of differential features, which map to distinct molecular mechanisms modulating mitochondrial homeostasis at the earliest stages of pathobiology, as well as stage-specific metabolic and excitation-coupling maladaptation. Collectively, this study fills in gaps from previous studies by expanding knowledge of the initial responses to mutations that protect cells against the early stress prior to contractile dysfunction and overt disease.
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11
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Zhu T, Hu Q, Yuan Y, Yao H, Zhang J, Qi J. Mitochondrial dynamics in vascular remodeling and target-organ damage. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1067732. [PMID: 36860274 PMCID: PMC9970102 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1067732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular remodeling is the pathological basis for the development of many cardiovascular diseases. The mechanisms underlying endothelial cell dysfunction, smooth muscle cell phenotypic switching, fibroblast activation, and inflammatory macrophage differentiation during vascular remodeling remain elusive. Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles. Recent studies showed that mitochondrial fusion and fission play crucial roles in vascular remodeling and that the delicate balance of fusion-fission may be more important than individual processes. In addition, vascular remodeling may also lead to target-organ damage by interfering with the blood supply to major body organs such as the heart, brain, and kidney. The protective effect of mitochondrial dynamics modulators on target-organs has been demonstrated in numerous studies, but whether they can be used for the treatment of related cardiovascular diseases needs to be verified in future clinical studies. Herein, we summarize recent advances regarding mitochondrial dynamics in multiple cells involved in vascular remodeling and associated target-organ damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingxun Hu
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanggang Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huijuan Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,Jian Zhang,
| | - Jia Qi
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Jia Qi,
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12
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Zacharioudakis E, Gavathiotis E. Mitochondrial dynamics proteins as emerging drug targets. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2023; 44:112-127. [PMID: 36496299 PMCID: PMC9868082 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2022.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The importance of mitochondrial dynamics, the physiological process of mitochondrial fusion and fission, in regulating diverse cellular functions and cellular fitness has been well established. Several pathologies are associated with aberrant mitochondrial fusion or fission that is often a consequence of deregulated mitochondrial dynamics proteins; however, pharmacological targeting of these proteins has been lacking and is challenged by complex molecular mechanisms. Recent studies have advanced our understanding in this area and have enabled rational drug design and chemical screening strategies. We provide an updated overview of the regulatory mechanisms of fusion and fission proteins, their structure-function relationships, and the discovery of pharmacological modulators demonstrating their therapeutic potential. These advances provide exciting opportunities for the development of prototype therapeutics for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouil Zacharioudakis
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Evripidis Gavathiotis
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
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De Rasmo D, Cormio A, Cormio G, Signorile A. Ovarian Cancer: A Landscape of Mitochondria with Emphasis on Mitochondrial Dynamics. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021224. [PMID: 36674740 PMCID: PMC9865899 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) represents the main cause of death from gynecological malignancies in western countries. Altered cellular and mitochondrial metabolism are considered hallmarks in cancer disease. Several mitochondrial aspects have been found altered in OC, such as the oxidative phosphorylation system, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dynamics. Mitochondrial dynamics includes cristae remodeling, fusion, and fission processes forming a dynamic mitochondrial network. Alteration of mitochondrial dynamics is associated with metabolic change in tumour development and, in particular, the mitochondrial shaping proteins appear also to be responsible for the chemosensitivity and/or chemoresistance in OC. In this review a focus on the mitochondrial dynamics in OC cells is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico De Rasmo
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnology (IBIOM), National Research Council (CNR), 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Cormio
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Gennaro Cormio
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Signorile
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Tian X, Lou S, Shi R. From mitochondria to sarcopenia: role of 17β-estradiol and testosterone. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1156583. [PMID: 37152937 PMCID: PMC10157222 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1156583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia, characterized by a loss of muscle mass and strength with aging, is prevalent in older adults. Although the exact mechanisms underlying sarcopenia are not fully understood, evidence suggests that the loss of mitochondrial integrity in skeletal myocytes has emerged as a pivotal contributor to the complex etiology of sarcopenia. Mitochondria are the primary source of ATP production and are also involved in generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), regulating ion signals, and initiating apoptosis signals in muscle cells. The accumulation of damaged mitochondria due to age-related impairments in any of the mitochondrial quality control (MQC) processes, such as proteostasis, biogenesis, dynamics, and mitophagy, can contribute to the decline in muscle mass and strength associated with aging. Interestingly, a decrease in sex hormones (e.g., 17β-estradiol and testosterone), which occurs with aging, has also been linked to sarcopenia. Indeed, 17β-estradiol and testosterone targeted mitochondria and exhibited activities in regulating mitochondrial functions. Here, we overview the current literature on the key mechanisms by which mitochondrial dysfunction contribute to the development and progression of sarcopenia and the potential modulatory effects of 17β-estradiol and testosterone on mitochondrial function in this context. The advance in its understanding will facilitate the development of potential therapeutic agents to mitigate and manage sarcopenia.
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Ding Q, Wang Y, Xia SW, Zhao F, Zhong JF, Wang HL, Chen KL. SIRT4 Expression Ameliorates the Detrimental Effect of Heat Stress via AMPK/mTOR Signaling Pathway in BMECs. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13307. [PMID: 36362094 PMCID: PMC9658231 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 4 (SIRT4), a member of the SIRT family, has been reported to be a key factor involved in antioxidant defense in mitochondria. This study aimed to explore the potential molecular mechanism via which SIRT4 regulates heat stress-induced oxidative stress and lactoprotein synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs). Our results showed that SIRT4 was significantly decreased in heat stressed mammary tissue. Depletion of SIRT4 in BMECs induced the generation of ROS, which, as exhibited by the decreased activity of antioxidant enzymes, changed mitochondrial morphology through mediating protein and mRNA levels related to mitochondrial fission and fusion. Moreover, we found that depletion of SIRT4 or stress conditions inhibited the expression of milk proteins, as well as lipid and glucose synthesis-related genes, and activated the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. Increased SIRT4 expression was found to have the opposite effect. However, blocking the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway could inhibit the regulatory function of SIRT4 in milk synthesis-related gene expression. In summary, our results suggest that SIRT4 may play critical roles in maintaining mammary gland function by regulating the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway in dairy cows, indicating that SIRT4 may be a potential molecular target for curing heat stress-induced BMEC injury and low milk production in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Hui-Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop and Animal Integrated Farming/Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Kun-Lin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Crop and Animal Integrated Farming/Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China
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Ozeir M, Cohen MM. From dynamin related proteins structures and oligomers to membrane fusion mediated by mitofusins. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2022; 1863:148913. [PMID: 36057374 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2022.148913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria assemble in a highly dynamic network where interconnected tubules evolve in length and size through regulated cycles of fission and fusion of mitochondrial membranes thereby adapting to cellular needs. Mitochondrial fusion and fission processes are mediated by specific sets of mechano-chemical large GTPases that belong to the Dynamin-Related Proteins (DRPs) super family. DRPs bind to cognate membranes and auto-oligomerize to drive lipid bilayers remodeling in a nucleotide dependent manner. Although structural characterization and mechanisms of DRPs that mediate membrane fission are well established, the capacity of DRPs to mediate membrane fusion is only emerging. In this review, we discuss the distinct structures and mechanisms of DRPs that trigger the anchoring and fusion of biological membranes with a specific focus on mitofusins that are dedicated to the fusion of mitochondrial outer membranes. In particular, we will highlight oligomeric assemblies of distinct DRPs and confront their mode of action against existing models of mitofusins assemblies with emphasis on recent biochemical, structural and computational reports. As we will see, the literature brings valuable insights into the presumed macro-assemblies mitofusins may form during anchoring and fusion of mitochondrial outer membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ozeir
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR8226, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Mickael M Cohen
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR8226, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, F-75005 Paris, France.
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Benarroch E. What Is the Role of Mitochondrial Fission in Neurologic Disease? Neurology 2022; 98:662-668. [PMID: 35437267 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000200233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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