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Wu YR, Li L, Sun XC, Wang J, Ma CY, Zhang Y, Qu HL, Xu RX, Li JJ. Diallyl disulfide improves lipid metabolism by inhibiting PCSK9 expression and increasing LDL uptake via PI3K/Akt-SREBP2 pathway in HepG2 cells. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:322-332. [PMID: 33500108 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Diallyl disulfide (DADS), a volatile sulfide extracted from garlic, has been suggested as a chemical of anti-atherosclerotic drugs, while its molecular mechanism for this benefit has not fully been understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of DADS on lipid metabolism and its potential mechanisms in HepG2 cells induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS). METHODS AND RESULTS HepG2 cells were treated with LPS with or without different concentrations of DADS (0, 20, 40, 80, 160 μg/ml) for 24 h. The cell activity was detected by CCK8, and Dil-LDL uptake assay was used to examine the LDL uptake. Real-time PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of LDLR, PCSK9 SREBP2 and HMGCR. In addition, we examined the effect of the combination of DADS with atorvastatin on PCSK9 expression. The results showed that LPS significantly increased PCSK9 and SREBP2 expressions in a dose-dependent manner in HepG2 cells. DADS attenuated PCSK9, SREBP2 and HMGCR expressions and up-regulated the expression of LDLR. Moreover, DADS reversed the expressions of PCSK9, SREBP2, HMGCR and LDLR induced by LPS and DADS could promote the LDL uptake in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, DADS decreased the expression of PCSK9 by activating the PI3K/Akt-SREBP2 signal pathway. Notably, DADS could reduce PCSK9 expression induced by atorvastatin in HepG2 cells. CONCLUSION DADS could significantly attenuated PCSK9 expression in a dose-dependent manner induced by LPS and increased the LDLR expression in HepG2 cells, which was associated with the activation of PI3K/Akt-SREBP2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ru Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Surgical Intensive Care Unit, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Xian-Chang Sun
- Department of CT, The Third Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Tancheng Traditional Chinese Hospital, Tancheng 276100, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chun-Yan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Hui-Lin Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Rui-Xia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China.
| | - Jian-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China.
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He H, Ma Y, Huang H, Huang C, Chen Z, Chen D, Gu Y, Wang X, Chen J. A comprehensive understanding about the pharmacological effect of diallyl disulfide other than its anti-carcinogenic activities. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 893:173803. [PMID: 33359648 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diallyl disulfide (DADS), an oil-soluble sulfur compound that is responsible for the biological effects of garlic, displays numerous biological activities, among which its anti-cancer activities are the most famous ones. In recent years, the pharmacological effects of DADS other than its anti-carcinogenic activities have attracted numerous attentions. For example, it has been reported that DADS can prevent the microglia-mediated neuroinflammatory response and depression-like behaviors in mice. In the cardiovascular system, DADS administration was found to ameliorate the isoproterenol- or streptozotocin-induced cardiac dysfunction via the activation of the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (Akt) signaling. DADS administration can also produce neuroprotective effects in animal models of Alzheimer's disease and protect the heart, endothelium, liver, lung, and kidney against cellular or tissue damages induced by various toxic factors, such as the oxidized-low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), ethanol, acetaminophen, Cis-Diammine Dichloroplatinum (CisPt), and gentamicin. The major mechanisms of action of DADS in disease prevention and/or treatment include inhibition of inflammation, oxidative stress, and cellular apoptosis. Mechanisms, including the activation of Akt, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), protein kinase A (PKA), and cyclic adenosine monophosphate-response element binding protein (CREB) and the inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs), can also mediate the cellular protective effects of DADS in different tissues and organs. In this review, we summarize and discuss the pharmacological effects of DADS other than its anti-carcinogenic activities, aiming to reveal more possibilities for DADS in disease prevention and/or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong First People's Hospital, 6 North Road Hai'er Xiang, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaoying Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 19# Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huaxing Huang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong First People's Hospital, 6 North Road Hai'er Xiang, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 19# Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Invasive Technology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong First People's Hospital, 6 North Road Hai'er Xiang, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongjian Chen
- Invasive Technology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong First People's Hospital, 6 North Road Hai'er Xiang, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiming Gu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 19# Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 6 North Road Hai'er Xiang, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinliang Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong First People's Hospital, 6 North Road Hai'er Xiang, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
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Xie J, Liao B, Tang RY. Functional Application of Sulfur-Containing Spice Compounds. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:12505-12526. [PMID: 33138361 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur-containing spice compounds possess diverse biological functions and play an important role in food, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and agriculture. The development of functional spices has become increasingly popular, especially for medicinal functions for dietary health. Thus, this review focuses on the properties and functions of sulfur-containing spice compounds, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiobesity, anticancer, antibacterial, and insecticidal functions, among others. Developments over the last five years concerning the properties of sulfur-containing spice compounds are summarized and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Xie
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Benjian Liao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ri-Yuan Tang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Zhang L, Liu W, Wang Q, Li Q, Wang H, Wang J, Teng T, Chen M, Ji A, Li Y. New Drug Candidate Targeting the 4A1 Orphan Nuclear Receptor for Medullary Thyroid Cancer Therapy. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23030565. [PMID: 29498706 PMCID: PMC6017334 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is a relatively rare thyroid cancer responsible for a substantial fraction of thyroid cancer mortality. More effective therapeutic drugs with low toxicity for MTC are urgently needed. Orphan nuclear receptor 4A1 (NR4A1) plays a pivotal role in regulating the proliferation and apoptosis of a variety of tumor cells. Based on the NR4A1 protein structure, 2-imino-6-methoxy-2H-chromene-3-carbothioamide (IMCA) was identified from the Specs compounds database using the protein structure-guided virtual screening approach. Computationally-based molecular modeling studies suggested that IMCA has a high affinity for the ligand binding pocket of NR4A1. MTT [3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide] and apoptosis assays demonstrated that IMCA resulted in significant thyroid cancer cell death. Immunofluorescence assays showed that IMCA induced NR4A1 translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in thyroid cancer cell lines, which may be involved in the cell apoptotic process. In this study, the quantitative polymerase chain reaction results showed that the IMCA-induced upregulation of sestrin1 and sestrin2 was dose-dependent in thyroid cancer cell lines. Western blot showed that IMCA increased phosphorylation of adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and decreased phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K), which is the key enzyme in the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. The experimental results suggest that IMCA is a drug candidate for MTC therapy and may work by increasing the nuclear export of NR4A1 to the cytoplasm and the tumor protein 53 (p53)-sestrins-AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway.
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MESH Headings
- AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/genetics
- AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Benzopyrans/chemistry
- Benzopyrans/pharmacology
- Binding Sites
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Humans
- Molecular Docking Simulation
- Molecular Targeted Therapy/methods
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1/chemistry
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1/genetics
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1/metabolism
- Phosphorylation
- Protein Binding
- Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs
- Protein Structure, Secondary
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa/genetics
- Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa/metabolism
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Thyroid Gland/drug effects
- Thyroid Gland/metabolism
- Thyroid Gland/pathology
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Henan University Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Kaifeng 475004, China.
- Henan University Medical bioinformatics institute, Kaifeng 475004, China.
- Henan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Wen Liu
- Henan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Qun Wang
- Henan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Qinpei Li
- Henan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Huijuan Wang
- Henan University Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Kaifeng 475004, China.
- Henan University Medical bioinformatics institute, Kaifeng 475004, China.
- Henan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- Henan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Tieshan Teng
- Henan University Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Kaifeng 475004, China.
- Henan University Medical bioinformatics institute, Kaifeng 475004, China.
- Henan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Mingliang Chen
- Henan University Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Kaifeng 475004, China.
- Henan University Medical bioinformatics institute, Kaifeng 475004, China.
- Henan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Ailing Ji
- Henan University Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Kaifeng 475004, China.
- Henan University Medical bioinformatics institute, Kaifeng 475004, China.
- Henan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Yanzhang Li
- Henan University Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Kaifeng 475004, China.
- Henan University Medical bioinformatics institute, Kaifeng 475004, China.
- Henan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kaifeng 475004, China.
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