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Bai CL, Wang D, Luan YL, Huang SN, Liu LY, Guo Y. A review on micro- and nanoplastics in humans: Implication for their translocation of barriers and potential health effects. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 361:142424. [PMID: 38795915 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
As emerging contaminants, micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) can absorb and leach various toxic chemicals and ultimately endanger the health of the ecological environment and humans. With extensive research on MNPs, knowledge about MNPs in humans, especially their translocation of barriers and potential health effects, is of utmost importance. In this review, we collected literature published from 2000 to 2023, focusing on MNPs on their occurrence in humans, penetrating characteristics in the placental, blood-brain, and blood-testis barriers, and exposure effects on mammalian health. The characteristics and distributions of MNPs in human samples were analyzed, and the results demonstrated that MNPs were ubiquitous in most human samples, except for kidneys and cerebrospinal fluid. In addition, the phenomenon of MNPs crossing barriers and their underlying mechanisms were discussed. We also summarized the potential factors that may affect the barrier crossing and health effects of MNPs, including characteristics of MNPs, exposure doses, administration routes, exposure durations, co-exposure to other pollutants, and genetic predisposition. Exposure to MNPs may cause cytotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and developmental and reproductive toxicity in mammals. People are encouraged to reduce their exposure to MNPs to prevent these adverse health effects. Finally, we discussed the shortcomings of current research on MNPs in humans, providing a valuable reference for understanding and evaluating the potential health risks from MNP exposure in mammals, including humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Lan Bai
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Hainan Branch, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Sanya, 572022, China
| | - Yu-Ling Luan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Si-Nan Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Liang-Ying Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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2
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Gao M, Yang Z, Zhang Z, Chen L, Xu B. Nervous system exposure of different classes of nanoparticles: A review on potential toxicity and mechanistic studies. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024:119473. [PMID: 38908667 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are generally defined as very small particles in the size range of 1-100 nm. Due to the rapid development of modern society, many new materials have been developed. The widespread use of NPs in medical applications, the food industry and the textile industry has led to an increase in NPs in the environment and the possibility of human contact, which poses a serious threat to human health. The nervous system plays a leading role in maintaining the integrity and unity of the body and maintaining a harmonious balance with the external environment. Therefore, based on two categories of organic and inorganic NPs, this paper systematically summarizes the toxic effects and mechanisms of NPs released into the nervous system. The results showed that exposure to NPs may damage the nervous system, decrease learning and cognitive ability, and affect embryonic development. Finally, a remediation scheme for NPs entering the body via the environment is also introduced. This scheme aims to reduce the neurotoxicity caused by NPs by supplementing NPs with a combination of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds. The results provide a valuable reference for future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Gao
- Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300211, China; Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ziye Yang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Liqun Chen
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Baoshan Xu
- Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300211, China.
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3
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Tang M, Zhang X, Fei W, Xin Y, Zhang M, Yao Y, Zhao Y, Zheng C, Sun D. Advance in placenta drug delivery: concern for placenta-originated disease therapy. Drug Deliv 2023; 30:2184315. [PMID: 36883905 PMCID: PMC10003143 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2023.2184315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In the therapy of placenta-originated diseases during pregnancy, the main challenges are fetal exposure to drugs, which can pass through the placenta and cause safety concerns for fetal development. The design of placenta-resident drug delivery system is an advantageous method to minimize fetal exposure as well as reduce adverse maternal off-target effects. By utilizing the placenta as a biological barrier, the placenta-resident nanodrugs could be trapped in the local placenta to concentrate on the treatment of this abnormal originated tissue. Therefore, the success of such systems largely depends on the placental retention capacity. This paper expounds on the transport mechanism of nanodrugs in the placenta, analyzes the factors that affect the placental retention of nanodrugs, and summarizes the advantages and concerns of current nanoplatforms in the treatment of placenta-originated diseases. In general, this review aims to provide a theoretical basis for the construction of placenta-resident drug delivery systems, which will potentially enable safe and efficient clinical treatment for placenta-originated diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Tang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Weidong Fei
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Yu Xin
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Yunchun Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Caihong Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Dongli Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, China
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4
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Jantarat T, Lauterbach JD, Doungchawee J, Agrohia DK, Vachet RW. Quantitative imaging of the sub-organ distributions of nanomaterials in biological tissues via laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Analyst 2023; 148:4479-4488. [PMID: 37575048 DOI: 10.1039/d3an00839h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials have been employed in many biomedical applications, and their distributions in biological systems can provide an understanding of their behavior in vivo. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) can be used to determine the distributions of metal-based NMs in biological systems. However, LA-ICP-MS has not commonly been used to quantitatively measure the cell-specific or sub-organ distributions of nanomaterials in tissues. Here, we describe a new platform that uses spiked gelatin standards with control tissues on top to obtain an almost perfect tissue mimic for quantitative imaging purposes. In our approach, gelatin is spiked with both nanomaterial standards and an internal standard to improve quantitation and image quality. The value of the developed approach is illustrated by determining the sub-organ distributions of different metal-based and metal-tagged polymeric nanomaterials in mice organs. The LA-ICP-MS images reveal that the chemical and physical properties of the nanomaterials cause them to distribute in quantitatively different extents in spleens, kidneys, and tumors, providing new insight into the fate of nanomaterials in vivo. Furthermore, we demonstrate that this approach enables quantitative co-localization of nanomaterials and their cargo. We envision this method being a valuable tool in the development of nanomaterial drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teerapong Jantarat
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01002, USA.
| | - Joshua D Lauterbach
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01002, USA.
| | - Jeerapat Doungchawee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01002, USA.
| | - Dheeraj K Agrohia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01002, USA.
| | - Richard W Vachet
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01002, USA.
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5
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Geng Y, Liu Z, Hu R, Huang Y, Li F, Ma W, Wu X, Dong H, Song K, Xu X, Zhang Z, Song Y. Toxicity of microplastics and nanoplastics: invisible killers of female fertility and offspring health. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1254886. [PMID: 37700763 PMCID: PMC10493312 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1254886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) are emergent pollutants, which have sparked widespread concern. They can infiltrate the body via ingestion, inhalation, and cutaneous contact. As such, there is a general worry that MPs/NPs may have an impact on human health in addition to the environmental issues they engender. The threat of MPs/NPs to the liver, gastrointestinal system, and inflammatory levels have been thoroughly documented in the previous research. With the detection of MPs/NPs in fetal compartment and the prevalence of infertility, an increasing number of studies have put an emphasis on their reproductive toxicity in female. Moreover, MPs/NPs have the potential to interact with other contaminants, thus enhancing or diminishing the combined toxicity. This review summarizes the deleterious effects of MPs/NPs and co-exposure with other pollutants on female throughout the reproduction period of various species, spanning from reproductive failure to cross-generational developmental disorders in progenies. Although these impacts may not be directly extrapolated to humans, they do provide a framework for evaluating the potential mechanisms underlying the reproductive toxicity of MPs/NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuli Geng
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhuo Liu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Runan Hu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanjing Huang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fan Li
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenwen Ma
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haoxu Dong
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kunkun Song
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohu Xu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yufan Song
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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6
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Codina A, Roldán M, Natera-de Benito D, Ortez C, Planas R, Matalonga L, Cuadras D, Carrera L, Exposito J, Marquez J, Jimenez-Mallebrera C, M. Porta J, Nascimento A, Jou C. Innovative Computerized Dystrophin Quantification Method Based on Spectral Confocal Microscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076358. [PMID: 37047330 PMCID: PMC10094132 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Several clinical trials are working on drug development for Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD and BMD) treatment, and, since the expected increase in dystrophin is relatively subtle, high-sensitivity quantification methods are necessary. There is also a need to quantify dystrophin to reach a definitive diagnosis in individuals with mild BMD, and in female carriers. We developed a method for the quantification of dystrophin in DMD and BMD patients using spectral confocal microscopy. It offers the possibility to capture the whole emission spectrum for any antibody, ensuring the selection of the emission peak and allowing the detection of fluorescent emissions of very low intensities. Fluorescence was evaluated first on manually selected regions of interest (ROIs), proving the usefulness of the methodology. Later, ROI selection was automated to make it operator-independent. The proposed methodology correctly classified patients according to their diagnosis, detected even minimal traces of dystrophin, and the results obtained automatically were statistically comparable to the manual ones. Thus, spectral imaging could be implemented to measure dystrophin expression and it could pave the way for detailed analysis of how its expression relates to the clinical course. Studies could be further expanded to better understand the expression of dystrophin-associated protein complexes (DAPCs).
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A Systematic Review of the Placental Translocation of Micro- and Nanoplastics. Curr Environ Health Rep 2023:10.1007/s40572-023-00391-x. [PMID: 36848019 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-023-00391-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Despite increasing awareness of the ubiquity of microplastics (MPs) in our environments, little is known about their risk of developmental toxicity. Even less is known about the environmental distribution and associated toxicity of nanoplastics (NPs). Here, we review the current literature on the capacity for MPs and NPs to be transported across the placental barrier and the potential to exert toxicity on the developing fetus. RECENT FINDINGS This review includes 11 research articles covering in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo models, and observational studies. The current literature confirms the placental translocation of MPs and NPs, depending on physicochemical properties such as size, charge, and chemical modification as well as protein corona formation. Specific transport mechanisms for translocation remain unclear. There is emerging evidence of placental and fetal toxicity due to plastic particles based on animal and in vitro studies. Nine out of eleven studies examined in this review found that plastic particles were capable of placental translocation. In the future, more studies are needed to confirm and quantify the existence of MPs and NPs in human placentas. Additionally, translocation of different plastic particle types and heterogenous mixtures across the placenta, exposure at different periods of gestation, and associations with adverse birth and other developmental outcomes should also be investigated.
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8
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Wang H, Shi X, Gao Y, Zhang X, Zhao H, Wang L, Zhang X, Chen R. Polystyrene nanoplastics induce profound metabolic shift in human cells as revealed by integrated proteomic and metabolomic analysis. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 166:107349. [PMID: 35751955 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPLs) are widespread in our environment. However, their impacts on human health and precise toxicity mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we studied the internalization, release, and cytotoxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs) using the renal tubular epithelial cell line HKC and human derived liver cell line HL-7702. We also employed an integrated proteomic and metabolomic approach to investigate the potential biological effects of PSNPs on HKC cells. The abundances of 4770 proteins and 100 metabolites were quantified, with 785 proteins and 17 metabolites detected with altered levels in response to PSNPs. Most of the differential proteins and metabolites were enriched in a variety of metabolic pathways, for example, glycolysis, citrate cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and amino acid metabolism, suggesting the potential effects of NPLs on global cellular metabolism shift in human cells. The altered energy metabolism induced by PSNPs was further confirmed by a Seahorse analysis. Moreover, lysosomal distribution study and western blotting showed that mTORC1 signaling, a central regulator of cellular metabolism, was inhibited upon nanoplastic exposure, likely serving as the link between lysosome dysfunction and metabolic defects. Taken together, our findings systematically mapped the key molecular changes induced by PSNPs in human cells and provide comprehensive biological insights for the risk estimation of NPLs contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xuelian Shi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yan Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Hongzhi Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Lei Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Ruibing Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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Florance I, Chandrasekaran N, Gopinath PM, Mukherjee A. Exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics impairs lipid metabolism in human and murine macrophages in vitro. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 238:113612. [PMID: 35561548 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of polystyrene micro and nanoplastics in cosmetics and personal care products continues to grow every day. The harmful effects of their biological accumulation in organisms of all trophic levels including humans have been reported by several studies. While we have accumulating evidence on the impact of nanoplastics on different organ systems in humans, only a handful of reports on the impact of polystyrene nanoplastics upon direct contact with the immune system at the cellular level are avialable. The present study offers significant evidence on the cell-specific harmful impact of sulfate-modified nanoplastics (S-NPs) on human macrophages. Here we report that exposure of human macrophages to S-NPs (100 µg/mL) stimulated the accumulation of lipids droplets (LDs) in the cytoplasm resulting in the differentiation of macrophages into foam cells. The observed effect was specific for human and murine macrophages but not for other cell types, especially human keratinocytes, liver, and lung cell models. Furthermore, we found that S-NPs mediated LDs accumulation in human macrophages was accompanied by acute mitochondrial oxidative stress. The accumulated LDs were further delivered and accumulated into lysosomes leading to impaired lysosomal clearance. In conclusion, our study reveals that exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics stabilized with anionic surfactants can be a potent stimulus for dysregulation of lipid metabolism and macrophage foam cell formation, a characteristic feature observed during atherosclerosis posing a serious threat to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Florance
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014 Tamil Nadu, India; School of Bioseciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Natarajan Chandrasekaran
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014 Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Ponnusamy Manogaran Gopinath
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014 Tamil Nadu, India; School of Bioseciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Amitava Mukherjee
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014 Tamil Nadu, India
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10
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Placental Models for Evaluation of Nanocarriers as Drug Delivery Systems for Pregnancy Associated Disorders. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10050936. [PMID: 35625672 PMCID: PMC9138319 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10050936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy-associated disorders affect around 20% of pregnancies each year around the world. The risk associated with pregnancy therapeutic management categorizes pregnant women as “drug orphan” patients. In the last few decades, nanocarriers have demonstrated relevant properties for controlled drug delivery, which have been studied for pregnancy-associated disorders. To develop new drug dosage forms it is mandatory to have access to the right evaluation models to ensure their usage safety and efficacy. This review exposes the various placental-based models suitable for nanocarrier evaluation for pregnancy-associated therapies. We first review the current knowledge about nanocarriers as drug delivery systems and how placenta can be used as an evaluation model. Models are divided into three categories: in vivo, in vitro, and ex vivo placental models. We then examine the recent studies using those models to evaluate nanocarriers behavior towards the placental barrier and which information can be gathered from these results. Finally, we propose a flow chart on the usage and the combination of models regarding the nanocarriers and nanoparticles studied and the intended therapeutic strategy.
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11
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Xiao J, Jiang X, Zhou Y, Sumayyah G, Zhou L, Tu B, Qin Q, Qiu J, Qin X, Zou Z, Chen C. Results of a 30-day safety assessment in young mice orally exposed to polystyrene nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 292:118184. [PMID: 34715478 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polystyrene nanoparticles (PSNPs) are a newly emerging pollutant in the natural environment. However, due to the lack of sufficient toxicological studies in mammals, the potential effects of PSNPs on human health remain largely undefined. Therefore, in this study, young mice aged four weeks old were subjected to oral administration of 0, 0.2, 1, or 10 mg/kg PSNPs for 30 days. Our results demonstrated for the first time that oral exposure to PSNPs affected the expressions of mucus secretion-related genes and altered the community composition of intestinal microbiota, although this treatment did not cause behavioral impairments in young mice. No significant alterations in inflammatory or oxidative stress-related indicators were observed in the liver, lung, intestine, cortex or serum of PSNPs-treated animals. Moreover, exposure to PSNPs did not cause pathological changes in the liver, lung, or cortex tissues. Notably, although oral administration of PSNPs did not produce obvious toxic effects in the major organs of young mice, the possible toxicity of PSNPs remains unresolved and it may depend on the dose, exposure route and species. The potential hazardous effects of PSNPs still need to be systematically assessed, especially for children who are susceptible to exposure to nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junting Xiao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Center of Experimental Teaching for Public Health, Experimental Teaching and Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujian Zhou
- Center of Experimental Teaching for Public Health, Experimental Teaching and Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Golamaully Sumayyah
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixiao Zhou
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Baijie Tu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Qizhong Qin
- Center of Experimental Teaching for Public Health, Experimental Teaching and Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingfu Qiu
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zou
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China; Dongsheng Lung-Brain Disease Joint Lab, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengzhi Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China; Dongsheng Lung-Brain Disease Joint Lab, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Kokot B, Kokot H, Umek P, van Midden KP, Pajk S, Garvas M, Eggeling C, Koklič T, Urbančič I, Štrancar J. How to control fluorescent labeling of metal oxide nanoparticles for artefact-free live cell microscopy. Nanotoxicology 2021; 15:1102-1123. [PMID: 34612152 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2021.1973607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnologies hold great promise for various applications. To predict and guarantee the safety of novel nanomaterials, it is essential to understand their mechanism of action in an organism, causally connecting adverse outcomes with early molecular events. This is best investigated using noninvasive advanced optical methods, such as high-resolution live-cell fluorescence microscopy, which require stable labeling of nanoparticles with fluorescent dyes. However, as shown here, when the labeling is performed inadequately, unbound fluorescent dyes and inadvertently altered chemical and physical properties of the nanoparticles can result in experimental artefacts and erroneous conclusions. To prevent such unintentional errors, we introduce a tested minimal combination of experimental methods to enable artefact-free fluorescent labeling of metal-oxide nanoparticles-the largest subpopulation of nanoparticles by industrial production and applications-and demonstrate its application in the case of TiO2 nanotubes. We (1) characterize potential changes of the nanoparticles' surface charge and morphology that might occur during labeling by using zeta potential measurements and transmission electron microscopy, respectively, and (2) assess stable binding of the fluorescent dye to the nanoparticles with either fluorescence intensity measurements or fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, which ensures correct nanoparticle localization. Together, these steps warrant the reliability and reproducibility of advanced optical tracking, which is necessary to explore nanomaterials' mechanism of action and will foster widespread and safe use of new nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boštjan Kokot
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Natural sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Hana Kokot
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | | | - Stane Pajk
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Christian Eggeling
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Institute of Applied Optics, Friedrich-Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Jena, Germany
| | | | - Iztok Urbančič
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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13
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Bongaerts E, Nawrot TS, Van Pee T, Ameloot M, Bové H. Translocation of (ultra)fine particles and nanoparticles across the placenta; a systematic review on the evidence of in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo studies. Part Fibre Toxicol 2020; 17:56. [PMID: 33138843 PMCID: PMC7607677 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-020-00386-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetal development is a crucial window of susceptibility in which exposure may lead to detrimental health outcomes at birth and later in life. The placenta serves as a gatekeeper between mother and fetus. Knowledge regarding the barrier capacity of the placenta for nanoparticles is limited, mostly due to technical obstacles and ethical issues. We systematically summarize and discuss the current evidence and define knowledge gaps concerning the maternal-fetal transport and fetoplacental accumulation of (ultra)fine particles and nanoparticles. We included 73 studies on placental translocation of particles, of which 21 in vitro/ex vivo studies, 50 animal studies, and 2 human studies on transplacental particle transfer. This systematic review shows that (i) (ultra)fine particles and engineered nanoparticles can bypass the placenta and reach fetal units as observed for all the applied models irrespective of the species origin (i.e., rodent, rabbit, or human) or the complexity (i.e., in vitro, ex vivo, or in vivo), (ii) particle size, particle material, dose, particle dissolution, gestational stage of the model, and surface composition influence maternal-fetal translocation, and (iii) no simple, standardized method for nanoparticle detection and/or quantification in biological matrices is available to date. Existing evidence, research gaps, and perspectives of maternal-fetal particle transfer are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Bongaerts
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Box 703, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thessa Van Pee
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Marcel Ameloot
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building C, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Hannelore Bové
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building C, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
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14
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Gruber MM, Hirschmugl B, Berger N, Holter M, Radulović S, Leitinger G, Liesinger L, Berghold A, Roblegg E, Birner-Gruenberger R, Bjelic-Radisic V, Wadsack C. Plasma proteins facilitates placental transfer of polystyrene particles. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:128. [PMID: 32907583 PMCID: PMC7487953 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00676-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nanoparticles, which are exposed to biological fluids are rapidly interacting with proteins and other biomolecules forming a corona. In addition to dimension, charge and material the distinct protein corona influences the interplay of nanoparticles with tissue barriers. In this study we were focused on the impact of in situ formed human plasma protein corona on the transfer of 80 nm polystyrene nanoparticles (PS-particles) across the human placenta. To study materno-to fetal PS transfer we used the human ex vivo placental perfusion approach, which represents an intact and physiological tissue barrier. To analyze the protein corona of PS particles we performed shotgun proteomics of isolated nanoparticles before and after tissue exposure. Results Human plasma incubated with PS-particles of 80 nm and subsequent formed protein corona enhanced the transfer across the human placenta compared to PS-corona formed by bovine serum albumin and dextran which served as a control. Quantitative and qualitative changes of plasma proteins determined the changes in PS transfer across the barrier. Based on the analysis of the PS-proteome two candidate proteins, namely human albumin and immunoglobulin G were tested if these proteins may account for the enhanced PS-transfer across the placenta. Interestingly, the protein corona formed by human albumin significantly induced the transfer of PS-particles across the tissue compared to the formed IgG-corona. Conclusion In total we demonstrate the PS corona dynamically and significantly evolves upon crossing the human placenta. Thus, the initial composition of PS particles in the maternal circulation is not predictive for their transfer characteristics and performance once beyond the barrier of the placenta. The precise mechanism of these effects remains to be elucidated but highlights the importance of using well designed biological models when testing nanoparticles for biomedical applications.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael M Gruber
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Birgit Hirschmugl
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036, Graz, Austria.,BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Natascha Berger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Magdalena Holter
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 2, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Snježana Radulović
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/VI, 8010, Graz, Austria.,Research Unit Electron Microscopic Techniques, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/II, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerd Leitinger
- Research Unit Electron Microscopic Techniques, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/II, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Laura Liesinger
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Stiftingtalstrasse 6, 8010, Graz, Austria.,Omics Center Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, Stiftingtalstrasse 24, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Andrea Berghold
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 2, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Eva Roblegg
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 1/EG, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Ruth Birner-Gruenberger
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Stiftingtalstrasse 6, 8010, Graz, Austria.,Omics Center Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, Stiftingtalstrasse 24, 8010, Graz, Austria.,Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology-TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/164, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vesna Bjelic-Radisic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Christian Wadsack
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036, Graz, Austria. .,BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, 8010, Graz, Austria.
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15
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Wang T, Zhang D, Sun D, Gu J. Current status of in vivo bioanalysis of nano drug delivery systems. J Pharm Anal 2020; 10:221-232. [PMID: 32612868 PMCID: PMC7322761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of nano drug delivery systems (NDDSs) provides new approaches to fighting against diseases. The NDDSs are specially designed to serve as carriers for the delivery of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) to their target sites, which would certainly extend the benefit of their unique physicochemical characteristics, such as prolonged circulation time, improved targeting and avoiding of drug-resistance. Despite the remarkable progress achieved over the last three decades, the understanding of the relationships between the in vivo pharmacokinetics of NDDSs and their safety profiles is insufficient. Analysis of NDDSs is far more complicated than the monitoring of small molecular drugs in terms of structure, composition and aggregation state, whereby almost all of the conventional techniques are inadequate for accurate profiling their pharmacokinetic behavior in vivo. Herein, the advanced bioanalysis for tracing the in vivo fate of NDDSs is summarized, including liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) fluorophore, aggregation-induced emission (AIE) fluorophores, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), radiolabeling, fluorescence spectroscopy, laser ablation inductively coupled plasma MS (LA-ICP-MS), and size-exclusion chromatography (SEC). Based on these technologies, a comprehensive survey of monitoring the dynamic changes of NDDSs in structure, composition and existing form in system (i.e. carrier polymers, released and encapsulated drug) with recent progress is provided. We hope that this review will be helpful in appropriate application methodology for investigating the pharmacokinetics and evaluating the efficacy and safety profiles of NDDSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130061, PR China
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism, College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China
| | - Di Zhang
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism, College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Biopharmacy, College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Jingkai Gu
- Research Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130061, PR China
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism, College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China
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16
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Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Song S, Yin L, Sun D, Gu J. Recent advances in the bioanalytical methods of polyethylene glycols and PEGylated pharmaceuticals. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:1978-1997. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201901340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zhang
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism, College of Life ScienceJilin University Changchun P. R. China
- Beijing Institute of Drug Metabolism Beijing P. R. China
| | - Yuyao Zhang
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism, College of Life ScienceJilin University Changchun P. R. China
- Beijing Institute of Drug Metabolism Beijing P. R. China
| | - Shiwen Song
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism, College of Life ScienceJilin University Changchun P. R. China
- Beijing Institute of Drug Metabolism Beijing P. R. China
| | - Lei Yin
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism, College of Life ScienceJilin University Changchun P. R. China
- Research Institute of Translational MedicineThe First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University Changchun P. R. China
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Biopharmacy, College of Life ScienceJilin University Changchun P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education”Yantai University Yantai P. R. China
| | - Jingkai Gu
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism, College of Life ScienceJilin University Changchun P. R. China
- Beijing Institute of Drug Metabolism Beijing P. R. China
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17
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Mortensen NP, Johnson LM, Grieger KD, Ambroso JL, Fennell TR. Biological interactions between nanomaterials and placental development and function following oral exposure. Reprod Toxicol 2019; 90:150-165. [PMID: 31476381 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2019.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We summarize the literature involving the deposition of nanomaterials within the placenta following oral exposure and the biological interactions between nanomaterials and placental development and function. The review focuses on the oral exposure of metal and metal oxide engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), carbon-based ENMs, and nanoplastics in animal models, with a minor discussion of intravenous injections. Although the literature suggests that the placenta is an efficient barrier in preventing nanomaterials from reaching the fetus, nanomaterials that accumulate in the placenta may interfere with its development and function. Furthermore, some studies have demonstrated a decrease in placental weight and association with adverse fetal health outcomes following oral exposure to nanomaterials. Since nanomaterials are increasingly used in food, food packaging, and have been discovered in drinking water, the risk for adverse impacts on placental development and functions, with secondary effects on embryo-fetal development, following unintentional maternal ingestion of nanomaterials requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninell P Mortensen
- Discovery Sciences, RTI International, 3040 Cornwallis Rd, RTP, NC, 27709, USA.
| | - Leah M Johnson
- Engineered Systems, RTI International, 3040 Cornwallis Rd, RTP, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Khara D Grieger
- Health and Environmental Risk Analysis Program, RTI International, 3040 Cornwallis Rd, RTP, NC, 27709, USA; Genetic Engineering and Society Center, North Carolina State University, 1070 Partners Way, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Ambroso
- Center for Global Health, RTI International, 3040 Cornwallis Rd, RTP, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Timothy R Fennell
- Discovery Sciences, RTI International, 3040 Cornwallis Rd, RTP, NC, 27709, USA
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18
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Ahmed S, Okuma K, Matsumura K. Comparative analysis of the cellular entry of polystyrene and gold nanoparticles using the freeze concentration method. Biomater Sci 2018; 6:1791-1799. [PMID: 29781016 DOI: 10.1039/c8bm00206a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Despite advances in nanoparticle delivery, established physical approaches, such as electroporation and sonication, result in cell damage, limiting their practical applications. In this study, we proposed a unique freeze concentration-based technique and evaluated the efficacy of the method using two types of nanoparticles: citrate-capped gold nanoparticles and carboxylated polystyrene nanoparticles. We further compared the internalisation behaviour of particles of various sizes with and without freezing. Confocal microscopic images showed that the uptake efficacy of 50 nm nanomaterials was greater than that of 100 nm particles. Polystyrene nanoparticles of 50 nm size had more favourable adsorption and internalisation behaviours compared to those of gold nanoparticles after freeze concentration. We also examined the possible endocytic pathways involved in the uptake of gold and polystyrene nanoparticles, and found that the route differed between non-frozen and frozen conditions. Overall, we determined the influence of the freeze concentration strategy on both nanomaterial internalisation and the endocytic uptake pathway. Our findings provide a mechanistic understanding of the internalisation of nanoparticles using a freezing approach and thereby contribute to further developments in nanotherapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Ahmed
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan.
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