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Zhou S, Wan S, Li L, Dong W, Ma X, Chu H, Zhong Y. Rare retroperitoneal giant sacral schwannoma: A case report. Oncol Lett 2024; 27:261. [PMID: 38646494 PMCID: PMC11027106 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Schwannomas localized in the sacrum are relatively infrequent, accounting for 1-5% of all spinal axis schwannomas; they present with vague symptoms or are symptomless, so often grow to a considerable size before detection. Sacral schwannomas occasionally present with enormous dimensions, and these tumors are termed giant sacral schwannomas. However, their surgical removal is challenging owing to an abundant vascularity. The present study retrospectively analyzed the clinical and follow-up data of a patient with a giant sacral schwannoma. The patient experienced numbness in the left buttock and lower extremity, with radiating pain in the sole of the foot that had persisted for 3 years. A presacral mass was found by computed tomography examination 6 months after the stool had become thin. A tumor resection was performed using the anterior abdominal approach. A schwannoma was diagnosed by postoperative pathology. The postoperative course was uneventful, with the complete resolution of symptoms during the 21-month clinical follow-up. Overall, the present study reports the case of a giant sacral schwannoma with pelvic pain that was resected without complications and also discusses its successful management. Additionally, the study presents a systematic review of the literature. We consider that the surgical treatment of giant sacral schwannomas with piecemeal subtotal excision can achieve good outcomes, avoiding unnecessary neurological deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunchang Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Jiaozhou Branch of Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Qingdao, Shandong 266300, P.R. China
| | - Shenyi Wan
- Department of General Surgery, Jiaozhou Branch of Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Qingdao, Shandong 266300, P.R. China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Radiology, Jiaozhou Branch of Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Qingdao, Shandong 266300, P.R. China
| | - Wei Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Jiaozhou Branch of Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Qingdao, Shandong 266300, P.R. China
| | - Xuhui Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Jiaozhou Branch of Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Qingdao, Shandong 266300, P.R. China
| | - Haibo Chu
- Department of General Surgery, Jiaozhou Branch of Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Qingdao, Shandong 266300, P.R. China
| | - Yuxu Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, P.R. China
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2
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Jezovit M, Bakirli H, Bakirov I, Hureibi K, Bakirova G, Okolicany R, Janac P, Meciarova I, Alhwaymel N, Bakirli I, Prochotsky A. Ileal Schwannoma: A Rare Cause of Pelvic Mass. Case Rep Surg 2024; 2024:5572087. [PMID: 38385127 PMCID: PMC10881244 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5572087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of small bowel schwannomas is extremely low. In the current literature, we found just a few reported small intestine schwannomas that were located in the duodenum, jejunum, or ileum. This study reports a surprising finding of a relatively large size ileal schwannoma in a patient whose preoperative magnetic resonance imaging described a tumour in the lesser pelvis probably derived from the right adnexa. Pfannenstiel incision was made by the gynaecology team, which found a large mass lesion arising from the small intestine and occupying nearly the entire lesser pelvis. The general surgeon was invited, and pathology was successfully managed by segmental resection of the small bowel with primary end-to-end anastomosis. The histopathology study reported a submucosal tumour composed of S-100 protein-positive spindle cells, and the diagnosis of ileal schwannoma was made. The possibility of intestinal neoplasms, including schwannomas, might be contemplated in the differential diagnosis of any pelvic mass lesions. A detailed histology study and immunohistochemical stain are required for the final diagnosis of intestinal schwannomas and to rule out malignant changes, which are extremely important for the further management of patients. To the best knowledge, our case is one of the biggest intestinal schwannomas reported in the current literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Jezovit
- Cyril and Methodius University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Hasan Bakirli
- Cyril and Methodius University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ifrat Bakirov
- Kettering General Hospital, University Hospitals of Northamptonshire NHS Group, Kettering, UK
| | - Khalid Hureibi
- Kettering General Hospital, University Hospitals of Northamptonshire NHS Group, Kettering, UK
| | | | - Roman Okolicany
- Cyril and Methodius University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Pavol Janac
- Cyril and Methodius University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Iveta Meciarova
- Cyril and Methodius University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Ilkin Bakirli
- National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Bratislava, Slovakia
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3
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Li JY, Gao XZ, Zhang J, Meng XZ, Cao YX, Zhao K. Comprehensive evaluation of rare case: From diagnosis to treatment of a sigmoid Schwannoma: A case report. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:244-250. [PMID: 38292849 PMCID: PMC10824122 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i1.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schwannomas are uncommon tumors originating from Schwann cells, forming the neural sheath. They account for approximately 2%-6% of all mesenchymal tumors and are most commonly identified in peripheral nerve trunks, with rarity in the gastrointestinal tract. Among gastrointestinal locations, the stomach harbors the majority of nerve sheath tumors, while such occurrences in the sigmoid colon are exceptionally infrequent. CASE SUMMARY This study presented a clinical case involving a 60-year-old female patient who, during colonoscopy, was diagnosed with a submucosal lesion that was later identified as a nerve sheath tumor. The patient underwent surgical resection, and the diagnosis was confirmed through immunohistochemistry. This study highlighted an exceptionally uncommon occurrence of a nerve sheath tumor in the sigmoid colon, which was effectively managed within our department. Additionally, a comprehensive review of relevant studies was conducted. CONCLUSION The preoperative diagnosis of nerve sheath tumors poses challenges, as the definitive diagnosis still relies on pathology and immunohistochemistry. Although categorized as benign, these tumors have the potential to demonstrate malignant behavior. Consequently, the optimal treatment approach entails the complete surgical excision of the tumor, ensuring the absence of residual lesions at the margins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yi Li
- Clinical Medical College of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xi-Zhuang Gao
- Clinical Medical College of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Jining, Jining 272000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiang-Zheng Meng
- Clinical Medical College of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yi-Xian Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Jining, Jining 272000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Kun Zhao
- Clinical Medical College of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, Shandong Province, China
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Zainaldeen BA, Alaus AS, AlKooheji M, Alkhuzaie J, Alshaikh S. Schwannoma of the Sigmoid Colon: A Rare Case. Cureus 2024; 16:e53140. [PMID: 38420095 PMCID: PMC10901039 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Schwannoma is a type of peripheral nerve sheath tumor that is often found in the head and neck. Schwannomas in the digestive system, particularly the colon and rectum, are exceptionally rare, and they are mostly non-malignant and asymptomatic although sometimes patients can present with symptoms similar to those observed in patients with other gastrointestinal tumors like abdominal pain, fullness, nausea, vomiting, and change in bowel habits. For diagnosis and treatment, surgical resection along with biopsy is the gold standard. In this paper, we describe a rare case of sigmoid schwannoma that was successfully treated in our department by surgical resection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amr S Alaus
- Department of Surgery, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, BHR
| | | | | | - Safa Alshaikh
- Department of Pathology, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, BHR
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Dong QJ, Chen C, Wang Y. A case of colonic schwannoma causing ileocolonic intussusception. J Gastrointest Surg 2024; 28:93-95. [PMID: 38353083 DOI: 10.1016/j.gassur.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Jie Dong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Radiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Pathology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Gazivoda V, Wang D, Siddique M, Zeng J, Robert ME, Pantel H, Mongiu A. Rare cases of colonic schwannomas. J Surg Case Rep 2023; 2023:rjac438. [PMID: 38163055 PMCID: PMC10757069 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjac438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Schwannomas of the gastrointestinal tract are rare spindle cell tumors that account for 2-6% of mesenchymal tumors. An elderly male was found to have a left colon mass on CT scan and colonoscopy with pathology of fibrotic tissue. A laparoscopic-assisted left hemi-colectomy with primary anastomosis was performed. Pathology demonstrated spindle cell neoplasm arranged in short fascicles that were strongly and diffusely positive for S100. An elderly female was found to have a submucosal lesion on surveillance colonoscopy in the proximal transverse colon. Biopsy with jumbo forceps revealed spindle cell neoplasm positive for S100. Patient underwent an uncomplicated limited non-oncologic segmental transverse colectomy. We report only the ninth case of left and sixth in the transverse colon described in the literature. As is true for other mesenchymal tumors, mucosal biopsy is usually inconclusive and deep biopsy or submucosal resection is required, making pre-operative surgical decision difficult.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Donghai Wang
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | | | | | - Marie E Robert
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Haddon Pantel
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Anne Mongiu
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
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Doyle JP, Bhogal RH, Terlizzo M, Mavroeidis VK. Appendiceal schwannoma - report of a case and literature review. Ir J Med Sci 2023; 192:1801-1805. [PMID: 36251107 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-022-03184-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Appendiceal tumours encompass a wide spectrum of differential diagnoses and frequently present with clinical features of appendicitis. We report the case of a 43-year-old woman who presented with epigastric pain, dyspepsia and bloating. An atypical right para-iliac mass was detected on abdominal ultrasound, and computed tomography (CT) identified an appendiceal tumour. The tumour subtype remained indeterminate following Gallium-68 Dotatate positron emission tomography (PET); however, an appendiceal neuroendocrine tumour was suspected. Surgical resection with laparoscopic en bloc appendicectomy and limited caecectomy was performed, and histopathological assessment confirmed an appendiceal schwannoma. The report is followed by a review of the literature. To our knowledge, there have been fourteen reported cases of appendiceal schwannoma. The preoperative diagnosis can be challenging and appendiceal schwannoma had not been suspected in any of the reported cases, while a suspected diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumour or gastrointestinal stromal tumour was common. Definitive diagnosis requires immunohistochemical assessment and S100 is the hallmark. No personal or family history of underlying neurofibromatosis (NF) type 1 or type 2 has been reported to date. As for other gastrointestinal schwannomas, complete surgical resection is the recommended treatment for appendiceal schwannoma. Following this, despite lack of long-term follow-up, no cases of recurrence have been reported thus far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P Doyle
- Department of Academic Surgery, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JJ, UK.
| | - Ricky H Bhogal
- Department of Academic Surgery, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - Monica Terlizzo
- Department of Pathology, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - Vasileios K Mavroeidis
- Department of Academic Surgery, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JJ, UK
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Selntigia A, Neri B, Russo C, Martire FG, Soreca G, Biasutto D, Matteo FMD, Exacoustos C. A Rare Sigmoid-Colon Schwannoma in a Premenopausal Woman: A Case Report. Acta Med Litu 2023; 30:188-193. [PMID: 38516511 PMCID: PMC10952420 DOI: 10.15388/amed.2023.30.2.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Schwannomas of the gastrointestinal tract are a rare type of spindle cell tumor of peripheral nerve. Commonly, schwannomas are discovered incidentally, as they are usually asymptomatic. Case 46-year-old female patient, suffering from secondary amenorrhea and nonspecific intermittent pelvic pain associated with constipation. During gynecological visit an ultrasonographic systematic transvaginal examination was performed. At the sigmoid-rectal level an intraluminal solid mass was described and an urgent colonoscopy was prescribed. Endoscopic submucosal dissection was performed with en-bloc resection. On immunohistochemical analysis, S100 was strongly positive in tumor cells. Finally, a benign schwannoma of the sigmoid colon was diagnosed. Conclusion Our case highlights the importance of an adequate transvaginal pelvic examination with the evaluation of all pelvic organs. It could be challenging to make diagnosis in an early stage on asymptomatic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Selntigia
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Obstetric/Gynecological Clinic, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
| | - Benedetto Neri
- Department of Systems Medicine, Gastroenterological Unit, University “Tor Vergata” of Rome, Italy
| | - Consuelo Russo
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Obstetric/Gynecological Clinic, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
| | - Francesco Giuseppe Martire
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Obstetric/Gynecological Clinic, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
| | - Giorgia Soreca
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Obstetric/Gynecological Clinic, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
| | - Dario Biasutto
- Operative Endoscopy Department, Campus Bio-Medico, University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Caterina Exacoustos
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Obstetric/Gynecological Clinic, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
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9
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Gonçalves M, Silva JS, Rebelo A, Gonçalves B. An uncommon colonic polyp. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE ENFERMEDADES DIGESTIVAS 2023; 115:327. [PMID: 36093975 DOI: 10.17235/reed.2022.9160/2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A 50-year-old male was referred to a Gastroenterology appointment after a screening colonoscopy with a 25mm exophytic lesion, with a depressed central area, on the transverse colon. Histologic examination of the biopsy specimen showed low-grade dysplasia. The patient was submitted to a new colonoscopy and what was seen was a flat lesion with central depression, with no lift-sign (Figure 1a and 1b) and, therefore, endoscopic resection was not performed. New endoscopic biopsies were taken and showed no dysplasia.
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10
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Suzuki K, Shiraishi T, Shioi I, Ozawa N, Okada T, Osone K, Sano T, Araki K, Ogawa H, Sano A, Sakai M, Sohda M, Shirabe K, Saeki H. Sigmoid colon schwannoma difficult to distinguish from peritoneal dissemination 13 years after pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor surgery. Surg Case Rep 2023; 9:76. [PMID: 37166522 PMCID: PMC10175520 DOI: 10.1186/s40792-023-01658-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schwannoma, which clinicians sometimes struggle to diagnose, is a tumor arising from Schwann cells of peripheral nerves, often in the soft tissues and rarely in the gastrointestinal tract. Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PNET) is rare among pancreatic tumors, and recurrence can occur long after resection. Here, we were presented with a case where a sigmoid colon schwannoma was difficult to distinguish from a postoperative recurrence of PNET and was diagnosed after laparoscopic resection. CASE PRESENTATION A 51-year-old man was diagnosed with PNET (NET G2) after a distal pancreatectomy (DP) 13 years ago. The patient underwent hepatectomy due to liver metastasis 12 years after initial radical surgery. The follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after hepatectomy showed pelvic nodules, and laparoscopic surgery was performed for both diagnosis and treatment because peritoneal dissemination of PNET could not be ruled out. Since the tumor was in the sigmoid colon, a partial colon resection was performed. The histopathological diagnosis was a schwannoma, and the patient was discharged on the seventh postoperative day. CONCLUSIONS We experienced a case of sigmoid colon schwannoma that was difficult to differentiate from peritoneal dissemination of PNET and was later diagnosed after laparoscopic resection. In addition, this case involved a long-term postoperative recurrence of PNET that was amenable to radical resection, further establishing the importance of long-term imaging follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunobu Suzuki
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Takuya Shiraishi
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan.
| | - Ikuma Shioi
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Naoya Ozawa
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Takuhisa Okada
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Katsuya Osone
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Takaaki Sano
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Araki
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hiroomi Ogawa
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Akihiko Sano
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Makoto Sakai
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Makoto Sohda
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Ken Shirabe
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Saeki
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
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Naresh D, Baqar A, Khan A. Schwannoma of the colon: a rare submucosal neoplasm. BMJ Case Rep 2023; 16:e254970. [PMID: 36944445 PMCID: PMC10032392 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2023-254970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Schwannomas are nerve sheath tumours that can be found throughout the body along peripheral nerves. Primary schwannomas of the colon are very rare. They are usually benign and their surgical resection is considered curative. They are, however, difficult to diagnose preoperatively and therefore tend to be overtreated with major colorectal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Naresh
- Department of Surgery, Box Hill Hospital, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ali Baqar
- Department of Surgery, Bairnsdale Regional Health Service, Bairnsdale, Victoria, Australia
| | - Afaq Khan
- Anatomical Pathology, Dorevitch Pathology, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
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12
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Laparoscopic Resection of Pelvic Schwannomas: A 9-Year Experience at a Single Center. World Neurosurg X 2023; 17:100150. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wnsx.2022.100150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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13
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Peng H, Han L, Tan Y, Chu Y, Lv L, Liu D, Zhu H. Clinicopathological characteristics of gastrointestinal schwannomas: A retrospective analysis of 78 cases. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1003895. [PMID: 36582806 PMCID: PMC9792477 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1003895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Schwannomas are tumors arising from Schwan cells of the neural sheath, which rarely occur in the gastrointestinal tract. The aim of the present study was to analyze the clinicopathological features and treatment outcomes of gastrointestinal schwannomas (GISs). Methods Patients who were diagnosed with GISs in our hospital from January 2010 to December 2021 were selected. Data about demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms, treatment methods and outcomes, pathological results, and follow-up results were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Results A total of 78 patients with 79 GISs were included, the female-to-male ratio was 55:23, and the average age was 52.12 ± 12.26 years. One-third (26/78) of the patients were asymptomatic. A total of 79 GISs were removed, and the average size was 3.63 ± 2.03 cm (range, 0.3-10 cm). As for tumor location, 54 GISs were located in the stomach, 14 in the esophagus, 2 in the duodenum, 6 in the colorectum (4 in the colon and 2 in the rectum), and the other 3 in the small intestine. A total of 23 and 55 patients underwent endoscopic and surgical resections, respectively. Compared with surgical resection, endoscopic resection is associated with a smaller diameter, lower cost, and shorter hospital stay. Pathological results revealed that S100 was positive in all the GISs. No recurrence was noticed during a median follow-up of 45 months (range, 6-148 months). Conclusion GISs are rare gastrointestinal tumors with favorable prognoses, which are most commonly seen in the stomach and diagnosed by pathological findings with immunohistochemical staining. Surgical resection remains the standard method for removing GISs, while endoscopic resection may serve as an alternative method for selected patients with GISs and may be attempted in GISs with a diameter of <3 cm and no signs of malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailing Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liu Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuyong Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Chu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liang Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Deliang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hongyi Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,*Correspondence: Hongyi Zhu,
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14
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De Siena M, Barbaro F, Papparella LG, Ciuffini C, Boškoski I. Endoscopic full-thickness resection is a safe and effective method for the treatment of sigmoid schwannomas. Endoscopy 2022; 55:E278-E279. [PMID: 36460035 PMCID: PMC9831761 DOI: 10.1055/a-1974-8646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martina De Siena
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Barbaro
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Cristina Ciuffini
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Ivo Boškoski
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy,Centre for Endoscopic Research Therapeutics and Training, Università Cattolica S. Cuore, Rome, Italy
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15
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Yang Z, Li Q, Gao W, Hao F. Schwannoma of the ascending colon: A rare case report. Asian J Surg 2022:S1015-9584(22)01749-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2022.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Owais M, Haseeb M, Kharal F. Schwannoma of the Ascending Colon in a 22-Year-Old Male: A Case Report. Cureus 2022; 14:e31946. [PMID: 36582566 PMCID: PMC9795079 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.31946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Schwannoma of the ascending colon is an extremely rare neoplasm that is often discovered incidentally in the asymptomatic older population on surveillance colonoscopy. We present the case of a symptomatic 22-year-old male presenting with one month of discomfort in the right lower abdominal quadrant, abdominal bloating, and hematochezia. A sessile polyp measuring 0.5 cm was identified in the ascending colon on the colonoscopy. The polyp was completely resected using cold snare polypectomy. Histological examination of the resected polyp with hematoxylin-eosin staining revealed small nodules of bland spindle cells with focal nuclear condensation. The lesional cells tested positive for S-100 and SOX-10 on immunohistochemical analysis, establishing the diagnosis of benign schwannoma. Since this lesion was submucosal, its diagnosis required an endoscopic biopsy that could only be performed on the mucosa. It was difficult to distinguish it from other mesenchymal tumors (gastrointestinal stromal tumor or leiomyoma), and this makes the differential diagnosis exceedingly challenging. If the immunohistochemistry is positive for S-100 and negative for C-KIT, CD-34, actin, and desmin, it aids in diagnosis. These tumors have non-specific radiological features and are asymptomatic.
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Yuan Y, Gao J, Xiong G, Guo L. Diagnostic accuracy of multiparametric ultrasound for peripheral nerve schwannoma. Acta Radiol 2022; 64:1608-1614. [PMID: 36071627 DOI: 10.1177/02841851221125109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultrasound (US) diagnostic techniques have the advantages of low cost, convenient operation, and high availability. PURPOSE To explore the diagnostic accuracy of multiparametric US in evaluating signs of peripheral schwannoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective case-control study included patients with soft-tissue masses on the limbs (divided into the schwannoma and non-schwannoma groups) between January 2017 and November 2020. US features were compared between the two groups, and receiver operating characteristics analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of these features. RESULTS A total of 165 patients were included in this study; of them, 63 (38.2%) were diagnosed with schwannoma. Regular morphology (95.2% vs. 39.2%), cystic degeneration (71.4% vs. 27.5%), target sign on elastography (82.5% vs. 0), and polar blood supply sign (87.3% vs. 14.7%) were more common in schwannomas than in non-schwannoma lesions (all P < 0.001). Combining the four signs for diagnosis of schwannomas, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 95.24%, 96.08%, and 95.76%, respectively, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.987 (95% confidence interval = 0.955-0.998). Entering and exiting nerve sign was observed in 87.3% of schwannomas and in 3.0% of non-schwannoma lesions (P < 0.001), while split-fat sign was similar between the two groups (9.5% vs. 2.0%; P = 0.068). CONCLUSION Polar blood supply sign and target sign on elastography are specific US signs in peripheral schwannomas. The combination of two-dimensional imaging, color flow imaging, and elastography can achieve an excellent diagnostic accuracy in schwannomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yuan
- Department of Ultrasound, 74768Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Jinmei Gao
- Department of Ultrasound, 74768Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Guangyi Xiong
- Department of Pathology, 74768Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Lin Guo
- Department of Radiology, 74768Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
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Nasri S, Hedi Mraidha M, Abdelkrim MB, Youssef S, Hamila F, Amine Elghali M. Colonic schwannoma: A case of unusual presentation and outcome. Rare Tumors 2022; 14:20363613221110837. [PMID: 35774844 PMCID: PMC9237920 DOI: 10.1177/20363613221110837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Schwannomas are mesenchymal tumors arising from neural sheath cells and whose diagnosis is based on immunohistochemistery. The digestive and especially colonic location of this tumor is rare. Commonly described in elderly patient, their malignancy is unusual. Case report: We report the case of a 23-year-old girl, with learning disability, operated in emergency for acute peritonitis. Peroperatively, we discovered a peritonitis secondary to a bulky perforated cecal tumor. We performed a right colectomy and an ileostomy. The posterior margin of the resection was macroscopically involved. The diagnosis of colonic schwannoma was confirmed with immunopathological examination of the surgical specimen. Surgical exploration 4 months later and morphological investigations during 2 years showed stability of the tumoral residue in the right iliac fossa. However, we noticed, on CT scanning control 2 years postoperatively, the appearance of a mesenteric recurrence. Exploratory laparotomy confirmed the unresectability of this mesenteric mass and showed the presence of multiple parietal nodules whose biopsies revealed their neurofibromatous nature. The 4 year follow-up of the patient didn’t reveal any complication rather than need to right nephrostomy due to ureter compression by the primary tumoral residue. Discussion: Colonic schwannoma is a rare disease, commonly described in uncomplicated stages. The learning disability of our patient had favorized the absence of declared symptoms and promoted the evolution of the cecal swhannoma until its perforation. This complication was not described before. Local recurrence has been also rarely reported in the literature. Association with neurofibroma may be hereditary in a context of neurofibromatosis or sporadic. Conclusion: Colonic schwannoma may have polymorphic presentation mimicking malignant tumor in such cases. Not treated in time, it can lead to severe complications, such as tumoral perforation. Surgical resection remains the mainstay treatment. The slow evolutionary genius of schwannoma, even when incompletely resected by necessity, confirms its good prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salsabil Nasri
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Hedi Mraidha
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Mehdi Ben Abdelkrim
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Sabri Youssef
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Fehmi Hamila
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
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Schwannoma in and around the porta hepatis: radiological features in eight cases and literature review. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2022; 47:1917-1928. [PMID: 35488897 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-022-03524-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Schwannomas in and around the porta hepatis (porta hepatic schwannomas) are rare benign tumors easily misdiagnosed as other pathologies, including malignancies. We aimed to evaluate their imaging features on ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/CT (FDG-PET/CT). METHODS We performed a multi-institutional retrospective study by reviewing the clinical and imaging findings of pathologically proven eight porta hepatic schwannomas (mean age, 55 years; range, 38-80 years; one male and seven females). Preoperative imaging included three ultrasonography, eight CT, eight MRI, and two FDG-PET/CT. RESULTS All patients were asymptomatic. The mean tumor size was 61.9 mm (range, 30-180 mm), and all tumors demonstrated well-defined lesions on ultrasonography and their solid components showed soft tissue attenuation on non-contrast CT. MRI showed two distinct components in all cases: the component with T1-weighted hypointensities and T2-weighted hyperintensities with poor enhancement (suggestive of Antoni B histology); the component with T2-weighted hypointensities with gradually increasing enhancement (suggestive of Antoni A histology), resulting in a heterogeneous pattern on post-contrast CT or MRI (8/8, 100%). The separated deviation of surrounding bile ducts and vessels without obstruction allowed the recognition of extrahepatic localization and their benign nature. A ginger root-like morphology (2/8, 25%) seemed to be suggestive of extension along the Glisson's sheath, although this finding was not seen frequently. CONCLUSION Recognizing imaging features such as extrahepatic location, benign nature with internal structures suggestive of Antoni A/B histology, and characteristic tumor extension may provide key diagnostic clues for porta hepatic schwannomas.
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Ottaiano A, Santorsola M, Perri F, Pace U, Marra B, Correra M, Sabbatino F, Cascella M, Petrillo N, Ianniello M, Casillo M, Misso G, Delrio P, Caraglia M, Nasti G. Clinical and Molecular Characteristics of Rare Malignant Tumors of Colon and Rectum. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11020267. [PMID: 35205133 PMCID: PMC8869306 DOI: 10.3390/biology11020267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary Tumors of colon and rectum other than adenocarcinomas represent a neglected issue from clinical and laboratory points of view because of their rarity. In this review, we summarize and describe the rare histologic entities occurring in colon and rectum. Clinical and pathologic characteristics, prognostic behavior, treatments, and altered genes are reported to provide readers with a paramount and comparative perspective. In relation to this, we propose that improvements in registries and multidisciplinary research are warranted to ameliorate their management. Abstract The most frequent form of colorectal cancer is represented by adenocarcinoma being about 98% of tumor histological types. However, other rare histotypes can be found in colon and rectum (adenosquamous, goblet cell adenocarcinoma, lymphoma, medullary carcinoma, melanoma, mesenchymal, neuroendocrine, plasmacytoma, signet ring, squamous tumors). Altogether, these forms account for less than 2% of colorectal tumors. There are no specific diagnostic or therapeutic recommended approaches and most of the information available from literature derives from small and retrospective clinical series. In the present study, we provide a paramount and updated view on clinical and biologic characteristics of rare colorectal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Ottaiano
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (F.P.); (U.P.); (B.M.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (P.D.); (G.N.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mariachiara Santorsola
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (F.P.); (U.P.); (B.M.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (P.D.); (G.N.)
| | - Francesco Perri
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (F.P.); (U.P.); (B.M.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (P.D.); (G.N.)
| | - Ugo Pace
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (F.P.); (U.P.); (B.M.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (P.D.); (G.N.)
| | - Bruno Marra
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (F.P.); (U.P.); (B.M.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (P.D.); (G.N.)
| | - Marco Correra
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (F.P.); (U.P.); (B.M.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (P.D.); (G.N.)
| | - Francesco Sabbatino
- Oncology Unit, San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D’Aragona University Hospital, Universisty of Salerno, 84131 Salerno, Italy;
| | - Marco Cascella
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (F.P.); (U.P.); (B.M.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (P.D.); (G.N.)
| | - Nadia Petrillo
- AMES, Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale srl, 80013 Naples, Italy; (N.P.); (M.I.); (M.C.)
| | - Monica Ianniello
- AMES, Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale srl, 80013 Naples, Italy; (N.P.); (M.I.); (M.C.)
| | - Marika Casillo
- AMES, Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale srl, 80013 Naples, Italy; (N.P.); (M.I.); (M.C.)
| | - Gabriella Misso
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Via de Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (G.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Paolo Delrio
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (F.P.); (U.P.); (B.M.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (P.D.); (G.N.)
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Via de Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (G.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Guglielmo Nasti
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (F.P.); (U.P.); (B.M.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (P.D.); (G.N.)
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Lopez J, Hamill EB, Burnstine M. Orbital schwannoma management: a case report, literature review, and potential paradigm shift. Orbit 2022; 41:15-27. [PMID: 33397169 DOI: 10.1080/01676830.2020.1858431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To present a case of orbital schwannoma and assess the literature on treatment modalities. METHODS A MEDLINE literature search for cases of orbital schwannomas was performed using the PubMed search tool using the search terms "orbital schwannoma" and "orbital neurilemmoma." Papers were included if they were peer-reviewed, published in English, discussed management, and included the search terms. Each article was rated using the scale developed by the British Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. In addition, we present a case report of an orbital schwannoma. RESULTS A total of 428 articles were found. 102 met the criteria for inclusion. Only two articles met Level 1 evidence and 16 were important to the clinical care process. We report a case of a biopsy-proven orbital schwannoma managed conservatively with observation over a 4-year period due to risk of cosmetic disfigurement with tumor removal. There has been no change in tumor size and no associated complications during follow up. CONCLUSIONS There is a paucity of data on the natural history of orbital schwannomas. Based on our review of the literature, we recommend observation for asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic orbital schwannomas with minimal growth over an extended period of time. For rapidly growing tumors or large tumors affecting key structures causing visual loss, diplopia, aesthetic disfigurement, or patient discomfort, a more aggressive approach may be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Lopez
- Roski Eye Institute, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eric B Hamill
- Roski Eye Institute, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern Califonrnia, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael Burnstine
- Roski Eye Institute, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern Califonrnia, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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22
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Mokhtari M, Iranpour P, Golbahar Haghighi A, Ghahramani L. Schwannoma of the Rectosigmoid Colon. Adv Biomed Res 2022; 11:5. [PMID: 35284347 PMCID: PMC8906087 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_91_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Schwannoma is a rare tumor in the colon which originates from the peripheral nerve plexus. Most of the cases have been asymptomatic but occasionally present as an obstructive mass. Abdominal investigations are effective in some cases, but usually, they are not informative. A significant number of cases have been detected after their operation by histopathology examination. Immune and histochemical staining shows the spindle cells that have been positive for S-100 and vimentin, but negative for CD34 and smooth muscle actin. If the diagnosis of Schowannoma is confirmed preoperatively, segmental resection is recommended. In this case report, we presented a 58-year-old woman with pelvic mass and normal colonoscopy that mimic extramural large uterine myoma with extraluminal pressure effect on the rectosigmoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maral Mokhtari
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Pooya Iranpour
- Medical Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ardalan Golbahar Haghighi
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Leila Ghahramani
- Colorectal Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,Address for correspondence: Dr. Leila Ghahramani, Colorectal Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. E-mail:
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Negură I, Ianole V, Dănilă R, Ungureanu MC, Apostol DGC. Primary solitary fibrous tumor of the thyroid gland: A review starting from a case report. Arch Clin Cases 2022; 8:97-105. [PMID: 34984233 PMCID: PMC8717007 DOI: 10.22551/2021.33.0804.10193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) of the thyroid gland is a rare mesenchymal tumor with fibroblastic differentiation, ramified, thin-walled, enlarged (staghorn) vessels and specific NAB2-STAT6 gene fusion, which is more commonly found in pleura and peritoneum. This neoplasm can be located in a variety of anatomical sites outside pleura and peritoneum including bone, visceral organs and soft tissues, head and neck examples representing only 10-15% of the extra-pleural and extra-peritoneal tumors. Diagnosing this entity can be difficult, especially in thyroid gland, mainly because of the rarity of this neoplasm, but presence of characteristic microscopic features together with positivity for STAT6 and CD34 can confirm the diagnosis and exclude other differential diagnosis. Information about the diagnosis and treatment options of thyroid SFTs is limited but almost all primary thyroid SFTs have a good prognosis and indolent clinical course. Clinical surveillance is still necessary because some SFTs can be aggressive. Raising awareness regarding extra-pleural and extra-peritoneal location of this tumor in endocrine organs can help to better manage these patients. We report the case of a 34-year-old female with primary SFT of the thyroid gland. Additionally, we review the literature for the main clinical, paraclinical and pathological features of this neoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ion Negură
- Pathology Department, "Sf. Spiridon" Emergency County Clinical Hospital, Iasi, Romania.,Pathology Department, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
| | - Victor Ianole
- Pathology Department, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
| | - Radu Dănilă
- Department of Surgery, III-rd Surgical Unit, "Sf. Spiridon" Emergency County Clinical Hospital, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
| | - Maria-Christina Ungureanu
- Endocrinology Department, "Sf. Spiridon" Emergency County Clinical Hospital, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
| | - Delia Gabriela Ciobanu Apostol
- Pathology Department, "Sf. Spiridon" Emergency County Clinical Hospital, Iasi, Romania.,Pathology Department, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
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de Armas Conde M, Soto Sánchez A, Díaz Jiménez N, Hernández Barroso M, Pérez Sánchez LE, Hernández Hernández G, Barrera Gómez MÁ. Sigmoid colon Schwannoma simulating colon cancer. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE ENFERMEDADES DIGESTIVAS 2022; 114:499-500. [DOI: 10.17235/reed.2022.8684/2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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26
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Schwannoma of the Appendix Orifice. Case Rep Pathol 2021; 2021:7250145. [PMID: 34931151 PMCID: PMC8684518 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7250145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Schwannomas are rare mesenchymal tumors. They are usually diagnosed incidentally during endoscopic or diagnostic imaging for another reason. Malignant transformation is rare. In this case report, we present an incidental schwannoma protruding through the appendiceal orifice diagnosed during endoscopy. A healthy 56-year-old female underwent a surveillance colonoscopy for family history of colorectal cancer. A prominent and edematous appendiceal orifice was noted, and the area was aggressively biopsied. Histopathological assessment revealed a benign schwannoma. Computerized topography was unremarkable. Subsequently, the patient underwent a right hemicolectomy. Patient is scheduled to undergo routine surveillance in three years. Grossly, schwannomas are white, encapsulated, and well-circumscribed lesions that stain strongly positive for S100, GFAP, and CD57. Histologically, schwannomas demonstrate spindle cell proliferation. Several imaging modalities have been utilized in the diagnosis and management of mesenchymal neoplasms. Despite the benign nature of the diagnosis, complete surgical resection with clear margins remains the gold standard management strategy. Our case highlights the presence of a relatively uncommon tumor in an unusual anatomical location.
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27
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Solitary fibrous tumor presenting as a colonic polyp: Report of a case and literature review. HUMAN PATHOLOGY: CASE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ehpc.2021.200547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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28
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Bekki T, Oishi K, Tadokoro T, Namba Y, Okimoto S, Mukai S, Saito Y, Fujisaki S, Nishida T, Ohdan H, Fukuda T. Laparoscopic resection of schwannoma in the hepatoduodenal ligament: a case report. Surg Case Rep 2021; 7:187. [PMID: 34410526 PMCID: PMC8377106 DOI: 10.1186/s40792-021-01271-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The occurrence of schwannomas in the hepatoduodenal ligament is rare, and its preoperative accurate diagnosis is difficult. Only few cases have been treated with laparoscopic surgery. Case presentation A 54-year-old man visited our hospital following abnormal abdominal computed tomography findings. He had no complaints, and his laboratory investigations were normal. Abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed a tumor with enhancement at the margin of the hepatoduodenal ligament. The abdominal magnetic resonance imaging findings of the tumor showed hypointensity on the T1-weighted images and mixed hypointensity and hyperintensity on the T2-weighted fat-suppression images. Positron emission tomography showed localized accumulation of fludeoxyglucose only in the hepatoduodenal ligament tumor. The patient underwent laparoscopic tumor resection for accurate diagnosis. Histopathologically, the tumor was mainly composed of spindle cells, which were strongly positive for S-100 protein on immunohistochemical staining. The patient was discharged without any postoperative complications on day 5. Conclusions Complete tumor resection is essential for schwannomas to avoid recurrence. Laparoscopic surgery is useful for schwannomas occurring in the hepatoduodenal ligament and can be performed safely by devising an appropriate surgical method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Bekki
- Department of Surgery, Chugoku Rosai Hospital, Hirotagaya 1-5-1, Kure, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Koichi Oishi
- Department of Surgery, Chugoku Rosai Hospital, Hirotagaya 1-5-1, Kure, Hiroshima, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Tadokoro
- Department of Surgery, Chugoku Rosai Hospital, Hirotagaya 1-5-1, Kure, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yosuke Namba
- Department of Surgery, Chugoku Rosai Hospital, Hirotagaya 1-5-1, Kure, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Sho Okimoto
- Department of Surgery, Chugoku Rosai Hospital, Hirotagaya 1-5-1, Kure, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Mukai
- Department of Surgery, Chugoku Rosai Hospital, Hirotagaya 1-5-1, Kure, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Saito
- Department of Surgery, Chugoku Rosai Hospital, Hirotagaya 1-5-1, Kure, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Seiji Fujisaki
- Department of Surgery, Chugoku Rosai Hospital, Hirotagaya 1-5-1, Kure, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | - Hideki Ohdan
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Kasumi 1-2-3 Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Toshikatsu Fukuda
- Department of Surgery, Chugoku Rosai Hospital, Hirotagaya 1-5-1, Kure, Hiroshima, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Kasumi 1-2-3 Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
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Simsek C, Uner M, Ozkara F, Akman O, Akyol A, Kav T, Sokmensuer C, Gedikoglu G. Comprehensive clinicopathologic characteristics of intraabdominal neurogenic tumors: Single institution experience. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:2218-2227. [PMID: 33869597 PMCID: PMC8026837 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i10.2218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurogenic tumors are rare but represent an important consideration in the differential diagnosis of abdominal mesenchymal tumors. Reports on their incidence, pathological features and clinical characteristics are scarce.
AIM To advance the overall knowledge on the histologic, immunohistochemical, clinical and radiologic characteristics of neurogenic tumors through this case series.
METHODS An established database of a nationwide tertiary referral center, covering a 15-year period (2005 and 2020), was retrospectively re-evaluated. Diagnoses of neurogenic tumor cases were confirmed by two experts following review of the macroscopic, histological and immunohistochemical records along with findings from analysis of archived tissue sections for each included patient. Tissue microarrays were constructed for cases lacking necessary immunohistochemical studies. Clinical data and follow-up information were collected from the hospital records and the patients themselves, when available.
RESULTS The study included 19 cases of intraabdominal neurogenic tumors, representing 12 women and 7 men, between 18 and 86 years of age (median: 51 years). Final confirmed diagnoses were 12 schwannomas, 2 diffuse submucosal neuro-fibromatoses, 2 ganglioneuromas, 2 malignant peripheral sheath nerve tumors, and 1 mucosal Schwann cell hamartoma. Sizes of the tumors were variable, with a median diameter of 4 cm; the two largest (> 10 cm) were schwannomas. The majority of cases were asymptomatic at presentation, but the most frequent symptom was abdominal pain. Gastrointestinal tract lesions were detected with endoscopy and extra-luminal lesions were detected with cross-sectional imaging. All cases were S100-positive and CD117-negative; most cases were negative for desmin, epithelial membrane antigen, smooth muscle actin and CD34. In all but 5 cases, the Ki67 proliferation index was ≤ 1%.
CONCLUSION Re-evaluation of 19 cases of abdominal neurogenic tumors demonstrated con-siderable variability in clinicopathologic characteristics depending on location, dimension and histological features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cem Simsek
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkey
| | - Meral Uner
- Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkey
| | - Feride Ozkara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkey
| | - Orkun Akman
- Department of Pathology, Yozgat City Hospital, Yozgat 66100, Turkey
| | - Aytekin Akyol
- Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkey
| | - Taylan Kav
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkey
| | - Cenk Sokmensuer
- Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Gedikoglu
- Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkey
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30
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Qi Z, Yang N, Pi M, Yu W. Current status of the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal schwannoma. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:384. [PMID: 33777207 PMCID: PMC7988712 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal schwannoma is a rare, slow-growing and benign tumor that mostly originates in the Auerbach myenteric nerve plexus in the gastrointestinal tract. The clinical manifestations may be associated with the location, size, differentiation type, and degree of malignancy of the tumor. Endoscopy, ultrasound and imaging examinations serve an important auxiliary role in the clinical identification, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of lesions; assessment of risk; and preparation for surgery. S-100 positivity is a hallmark of schwannoma. CD34, CD117, discovered on GIST-1, P53, ALK, β-catenin, smooth muscle actin and Desmin negativity are helpful for the identification of other gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Surgical removal of the tumor is the main treatment for schwannoma. Benign gastrointestinal schwannoma has a good prognosis without recurrence and metastasis; malignant transformation is extremely rare and has a poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Qi
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Naixv Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Mengqi Pi
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
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31
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Zheng Y, Luo Y, Chen X, Li H, Huang B, Zhou B, Zhu L, Kang X, Geng W. The role of mRNA in the development, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of neural tumors. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:49. [PMID: 33673851 PMCID: PMC7934508 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01341-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural tumors can generally be divided into central nervous system tumors and peripheral nervous tumors. Because this type of tumor is located in the nerve, even benign tumors are often difficult to remove by surgery. In addition, the majority of neural tumors are malignant, and it is particular the same for the central nervous system tumors. Even treated with the means such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, they are also difficult to completely cure. In recent years, an increasingly number of studies have focused on the use of mRNA to treat tumors, representing an emerging gene therapy. The use of mRNA can use the expression of some functional proteins for the treatment of genetic disorders or tissue repair, and it can also be applied to immunotherapy through the expression of antigens, antibodies or receptors. Therefore, although these therapies are not fully-fledged enough, they have a broad research prospect. In addition, there are many ways to treat tumors using mRNA vaccines and exosomes carrying mRNA, which have drawn much attention. In this study, we reviewed the current research on the role of mRNA in the development, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of neural tumors, and examine the future research prospects of mRNA in neural tumors and the opportunities and challenges that will arise in the future application of clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People's Republic of China.,School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xixi Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiting Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Baojun Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Baofeng Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqing Zhu
- Department of clinical laboratory, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xianhui Kang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Wujun Geng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People's Republic of China.
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32
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Kojima Y, Yamaguchi T, Taguchi S, Kondo E, Yokoyama M, Shirayama S, Nikaido T, Yanagida O. Ascending Colon Schwannoma Surgically Treated after Accurate Preoperative Diagnosis. Case Rep Gastroenterol 2020; 14:483-490. [PMID: 33250686 PMCID: PMC7670325 DOI: 10.1159/000509542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal schwannomas are rare and usually benign gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors. However, these tumors are often overtreated, possibly owing to misleading malignant potential. To our knowledge, there have been no previous reports of ascending colon schwannoma preoperatively diagnosed as benign schwannoma. Herein, we report a case of ascending colon schwannoma accurately diagnosed by endoscopic biopsy and successfully treated by wedge resection. The patient was a 76-year-old woman with complaints of bloody stool. She had no relevant past medical history. Radiological findings revealed a protruded mass in the ascending colon, and colonoscopy revealed a submucosal tumor measuring approximately 3 cm in diameter with a reddish and uneven surface. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis for vimentin and S100 protein of the specimen obtained by endoscopic biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of schwannoma. Thus, we performed laparoscopy-assisted endoscopic full-thickness resection of the ascending colon wall, as appropriate for a benign soft tissue tumor. The postoperative course has been uneventful for 2 years. This case demonstrates that colonic schwannoma can be successfully treated with adequate resection if an accurate preoperative diagnosis is made, thereby avoiding overtreatment, such as surgery for colorectal tumor including lymph node dissection. Preoperatively diagnosed schwannomas should be treated by wedge resection, with postoperative pathological findings confirming the presence or absence of malignancy. Additional resection should be considered for very rare cases of coexisting malignant tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Kojima
- Department of Surgery, Kosei Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Kyorin University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Eri Kondo
- Department of Surgery, Kosei Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Takashi Nikaido
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kosei Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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33
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Clinical Characteristics and Surgical Management of Gastrointestinal Schwannomas. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:9606807. [PMID: 32685549 PMCID: PMC7327551 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9606807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Schwannomas are tumors arising from Schwan cells of the neural sheath. Gastrointestinal schwannomas (GS) are rare and easily confused with a heterogeneous group of neuroectodermal or mesenchymal neoplasms. The aim of the present study is to analyze the clinicopathological features, surgical management methods, and long-term prognoses of GS patients. Methods Between August 2004 and July 2019, 51 patients with GS were treated at the Peking Union Medical College Hospital. The medical records were reviewed retrospectively. A database containing demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms, imaging tests, operation details, pathological results, and prognoses was constructed and analyzed. Results GS accounted for 2.0% of all schwannomas. The cohort comprised 19 men (37.3%) and 32 women (62.7%). The mean age was 55.7 ± 11.4 years. The most common symptom was abdominal pain (29.4%). Twenty-seven patients (52.9%) were asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally. The most common tumor location of GS was the stomach (90.2%). S-100 had the highest positive rate (100%) in immunohistochemical staining. Forty-six patients (90.2%) were followed-up at a mean period of 49.5 ± 41.4 months. Forty-four patients (95.7%) survived without tumor, 1 patient survived with tumor, and 1 patient died. The 5-year cumulative overall survival rate and cumulative disease-free survival rate were 97.5% and 95.2%, respectively. Conclusion GS are rare gastrointestinal tumors with favorable prognoses after surgical resection. Stomach is the most common site. Definitive diagnosis is determined by postoperative pathology. S-100 expression has diagnostic significance.
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Abstract
Schwannomas are tumors comprised of schwann cells of the peripheral nervous system and infrequently present in the gastrointestinal tract. Transverse colon schwannomas are an even more rare subtype of gastrointestinal schwannomas. This study presents the case of a transverse colon schwannoma, in addition to presenting a literature review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mridul Pansari
- Surgery, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, USA
| | - Daud Lodin
- Surgery, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, USA
| | - Anupam K Gupta
- Surgery, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, USA
| | - Thomas Genuit
- Surgery, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, USA
| | - Jordan Moseson
- Surgery, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, USA
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35
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Feng X, Xu H, Dela Cruz N. Mucosal Schwann Cell Hamartoma in sigmoid colon – A rare case report and review of literature. HUMAN PATHOLOGY: CASE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ehpc.2019.200337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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36
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Grech P, Schofield JB. Spindle cell proliferations of the sigmoid colon, rectum and anus: a review with emphasis on perineurioma. Histopathology 2020; 76:342-353. [PMID: 31587346 DOI: 10.1111/his.14011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A wide range of spindle cell proliferations are found uncommonly in the sigmoid colon, rectum and anus. They usually present as polyps, and include reactive lesions and benign and malignant neoplasms which may be primary or metastatic. They are less frequently described in the literature compared to those in the upper gastrointestinal tract, and may be underdiagnosed. The widespread use of sigmoidoscopy in symptomatic patients and bowel cancer screening programmes means that histopathologists must be aware of, and adopt a logical approach to, diagnosing spindle cell proliferations in biopsy and polypectomy specimens. This is particularly relevant given the strong association of some mesenchymal polyps with hereditary cancer syndromes. This review article will focus on perineurioma and the recent debate in relation to its overlap with fibroblastic polyp. The clinical, endoscopic, histological and immunohistochemical features of spindle cell proliferations which should be considered in the differential diagnosis of perineurioma will be discussed. There is also a brief reference to malignant spindle cell tumours of diagnostic importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice Grech
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Maidstone Hospital, Maidstone and Tunbridge Wells NHS Trust, Maidstone, UK
| | - John B Schofield
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Maidstone Hospital, Maidstone and Tunbridge Wells NHS Trust, Maidstone, UK
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37
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Guaglio M, Belli F, Cesa Bianchi A, Sorrentino L, Battaglia L. Minimizing the surgical approach for a rare disease: transanal endoscopic microsurgery for rectal schwannoma. TUMORI JOURNAL 2019; 105:NP52-NP56. [PMID: 31234726 DOI: 10.1177/0300891619856704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rectal schwannomas are extremely rare tumors and their surgical treatment is widely variable in literature. Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) approach could be a reasonable option for such lesions, offering an organ-sparing strategy, but evidence is scarce. METHODS We report a 69-year-old man with a rectal submucosal lesion at 10 cm from the anal verge, treated by TEM. A systematic literature review on surgical approaches in rectal schwannoma was performed. RESULTS The patient was successfully treated by TEM, with adequate excision of the submucosal lesion. Histopathology revealed a rectal schwannoma. No recurrence was found at 1-year endoscopic follow-up. Previous studies reported 23 cases of rectal schwannoma and several treatment options, but only 2 cases were treated by TEM. Anterior rectal resection was generally adopted in cases of large, symptomatic masses with inconclusive preoperative biopsy, while lesions with features suggestive of stromal tumors were preferentially treated by endoscopy or, if located in distal rectum, by transanal approaches. CONCLUSIONS An organ-sparing minimally invasive approach should be the standard of care for rectal schwannomas. TEM could extend the indication for their endoscopic treatment, providing adequate excision even for larger schwannomas of the middle-upper rectum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Guaglio
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Filiberto Belli
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cesa Bianchi
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Sorrentino
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Battaglia
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
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38
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Kim G, Kim SI, Lee KY. Case Report: Schwannoma of the sigmoid colon: a case report of a rare colonic neoplasm and review of literature. F1000Res 2019; 8:652. [PMID: 31608147 PMCID: PMC6777014 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.19110.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Schwannomas are tumors originating in Schwann cells of the peripheral nerve system and uncommonly develop in the gastrointestinal tract. Sigmoid colon schwannomas are very rare and only 28 cases have been reported. This study aims to report a case of a sigmoid colon schwannoma and present a literature review. Case report: We report a case of a 66-year-old female with asymptomatic sigmoid colon schwannoma. The patient underwent a screening colonoscopy and about 4cm sized submucosal tumor was identified at the sigmoid colon. A colonoscopic biopsy was performed and the microscopic exam revealed an ulcerated lesion with a proliferation of fibroblast-like spindle cells beneath ulcer, which was insufficient for diagnosis. Abdominopelvic computerized tomography (CT) scan showed a well-defined, well-enhancing, round shaped and slightly heterogenous mass at the sigmoid colon. No distant metastasis was identified in abdominopelvic CT and chest CT scans. Carcinoembryonic antigen level was within a normal range (1.33ng/mL). The patient underwent laparoscopic anterior resection. Immunohistochemical staining of the resected specimen showed positivity for S-100 protein in tumor cells and schwannoma was diagnosed post-surgically. Surgical resection margins were free from tumor and no regional lymph node metastasis was reported. Conclusion: Colon schwannomas are rare diseases. Most cases of colon schwannomas are accidentally identified during screening colonoscopy. The tumors usually present as submucosal masses and colonoscopic biopsies are mostly non-diagnostic. Surgical resection is required, and definitive diagnosis is made by confirming S-100 positive tumor cells in immunohistochemical analysis. Most cases are benign; a few cases have been reported to be malignant. Surgical resection with free negative margins is the treatment of choice
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangmi Kim
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Sun Il Kim
- Department of Pathology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Kang Young Lee
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
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Renal Oncocytoma and Retroperitoneal Ancient Schwannoma: A Benign Mimic of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma. Case Rep Urol 2019; 2019:2561289. [PMID: 30915254 PMCID: PMC6402212 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2561289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal oncocytomas and retroperitoneal schwannomas are rare and typically benign tumors with characteristic histopathologic features. Ideal management of both renal oncocytoma and retroperitoneal schwannoma is surgical resection. We present a rare case of a 63-year-old man with multifocal renal oncocytoma and retroperitoneal ancient schwannoma which, preoperatively, masqueraded as metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Both tumors were successfully resected surgically. Immunochemistry and histopathology confirmed each diagnosis.
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40
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Intestinal Schwannoma: A Clinicopathological, Immunohistochemical, and Prognostic Study of 9 Cases. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2019; 2019:3414678. [PMID: 31049058 PMCID: PMC6458941 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3414678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intestinal schwannoma is a type of intestinal interstitial tumor with a very low incidence. At present, there are few studies on intestinal schwannoma. Methods From January 2010 to January 2018, the patients diagnosed with intestinal schwannoma at the China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University were retrospectively reviewed. The patients' clinicopathological features and prognosis were analyzed. Results This study enrolled 9 patients with intestinal schwannoma, including 3 males and 6 females. The main symptoms of the patients were abdominal pain and melena. Abdominal computed tomography showed intussusception, slightly high-density shadowing in the intestine, thickening of the intestinal wall, and an intestinal mass. Colonoscopy and endoscopic ultrasonography showed submucosal masses without ulcer formation. Two patients underwent endoscopic biopsy, and the pathological results revealed inflammation and necrosis. One patient had increased neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the tumor cells were positive for S-100 and negative for CD117, DOG-1, desmin, and smooth muscle actin. An average of 17 lymph nodes were found around the intestines in 4 patients, all of which demonstrated reactive hyperplasia. No recurrence or metastasis occurred during postoperative follow-up. Conclusions Intestinal schwannoma is a rare tumor, and in our study its incidence was higher in women than in men. The main symptoms were abdominal pain and melena. Preoperative increases in NSE levels might contribute to a diagnosis. Complete surgical resection with free negative margins is the standard treatment for benign schwannoma. There was no recurrence or metastasis after complete surgical resection, suggesting that follow-up may not be required.
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41
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Baig MMAS, Patel R, Kazem MA, Khan A. Schwannoma in the ascending colon, a rare finding on surveillance colonoscopy. J Surg Case Rep 2019; 2019:rjz046. [PMID: 30800278 PMCID: PMC6380074 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjz046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Schwannomas are peripheral nerve sheath tumours that can present as a rare tumour of GI tract, and even more uncommonly within the colon. We present a case of colonic schwannoma in an asymptomatic patient identified on surveillance colonoscopy. The tumour is of mesenchymal origin and is often challenging to diagnose prior to surgical resection. Endoscopy usually fails to provide adequate sample and diagnosis is usually confirmed on immunohistochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rikesh Patel
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Aintree University Hospital, Liverpool L9 7AL, UK
| | - Mohamad Ali Kazem
- Consultant General and Colorectal Surgery, Leighton Hospital, Crewe CW1 4QJ, UK
| | - Arif Khan
- Consultant General and Colorectal Surgery, Leighton Hospital, Crewe CW1 4QJ, UK
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