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de Brot S, Cobb J, Alibhai AA, Jackson-Oxley J, Haque M, Patke R, Harris AE, Woodcock CL, Lothion-Roy J, Varun D, Thompson R, Gomes C, Kubale V, Dunning MD, Jeyapalan JN, Mongan NP, Rutland CS. Immunohistochemical Investigation into Protein Expression Patterns of FOXO4, IRF8 and LEF1 in Canine Osteosarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1945. [PMID: 38792023 PMCID: PMC11120020 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16101945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OSA) is the most common type of primary bone malignancy in people and dogs. Our previous molecular comparisons of canine OSA against healthy bone resulted in the identification of differentially expressed protein-expressing genes (forkhead box protein O4 (FOXO4), interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8), and lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1 (LEF1)). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and H-scoring provided semi-quantitative assessment of nuclear and cytoplasmic staining alongside qualitative data to contextualise staining (n = 26 patients). FOXO4 was expressed predominantly in the cytoplasm with significantly lower nuclear H-scores. IRF8 H-scores ranged from 0 to 3 throughout the cohort in the nucleus and cytoplasm. LEF1 was expressed in all patients with significantly lower cytoplasmic staining compared to nuclear. No sex or anatomical location differences were observed. While reduced levels of FOXO4 might indicate malignancy, the weak or absent protein expression limits its primary use as diagnostic tumour marker. IRF8 and LEF1 have more potential for prognostic and diagnostic uses and facilitate further understanding of their roles within their respective molecular pathways, including Wnt/beta-catenin/LEF1 signalling and differential regulation of tumour suppressor genes. Deeper understanding of the mechanisms involved in OSA are essential contributions towards the development of novel diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment options in human and veterinary medicine contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone de Brot
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
- Comparative Pathology Platform of the University of Bern (COMPATH), Institute of Animal Pathology, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jack Cobb
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
| | - Aziza A. Alibhai
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
| | - Jorja Jackson-Oxley
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
| | - Maria Haque
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
| | - Rodhan Patke
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
| | - Anna E. Harris
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
| | - Corinne L. Woodcock
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
| | - Jennifer Lothion-Roy
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
| | - Dhruvika Varun
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
| | - Rachel Thompson
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
| | - Claudia Gomes
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
| | - Valentina Kubale
- Institute of Preclinical Sciences, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Mark D. Dunning
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
- Willows Veterinary Centre and Referral Service, Solihull B90 4NH, UK
| | - Jennie N. Jeyapalan
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Nigel P. Mongan
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
- Willows Veterinary Centre and Referral Service, Solihull B90 4NH, UK
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10075, USA
| | - Catrin S. Rutland
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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Jiang YH, Liu YS, Wei YC, Jhang JF, Kuo HC, Huang HH, Chan MWY, Lin GL, Cheng WC, Lin SC, Wang HJ. Hypermethylation Loci of ZNF671, IRF8, and OTX1 as Potential Urine-Based Predictive Biomarkers for Bladder Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:468. [PMID: 38472940 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14050468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BCa) is a significant health issue and poses a healthcare burden on patients, highlighting the importance of an effective detection method. Here, we developed a urine DNA methylation diagnostic panel for distinguishing between BCa and non-BCa. In the discovery stage, an analysis of the TCGA database was conducted to identify BCa-specific DNA hypermethylation markers. In the validation phase, DNA methylation levels of urine samples were measured with real-time quantitative methylation-specific PCR (qMSP). Comparative analysis of the methylation levels between BCa and non-BCa, along with the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses with machine learning algorithms (logistic regression and decision tree methods) were conducted to develop practical diagnostic panels. The performance evaluation of the panel shows that the individual biomarkers of ZNF671, OTX1, and IRF8 achieved AUCs of 0.86, 0.82, and 0.81, respectively, while the combined yielded an AUC of 0.91. The diagnostic panel using the decision tree algorithm attained an accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 82.6%, 75.0%, and 90.9%, respectively. Our results show that the urine-based DNA methylation diagnostic panel provides a sensitive and specific method for detecting and stratifying BCa, showing promise as a standard test that could enhance the diagnosis and prognosis of BCa in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Hong Jiang
- Department of Urology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shu Liu
- Guzip Biomarkers Corporation, Hsinchu City 302041, Taiwan
- Phalanx Biotech, Hsinchu City 302041, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chung Wei
- Graduate Institute of Statistics and Information Science, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua City 500207, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Fong Jhang
- Department of Urology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan
| | - Hann-Chorng Kuo
- Department of Urology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan
- Guzip Biomarkers Corporation, Hsinchu City 302041, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hui Huang
- Guzip Biomarkers Corporation, Hsinchu City 302041, Taiwan
- Phalanx Biotech, Hsinchu City 302041, Taiwan
| | - Michael W Y Chan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Minhsiung, Chiayi 621301, Taiwan
- Epigenomics and Human Disease Research Center, National Chung Cheng University, Minhsiung, Chiayi 621301, Taiwan
- Center for Innovative Research on Aging Society (CIRAS), National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi 621301, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Ling Lin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Minhsiung, Chiayi 621301, Taiwan
- Epigenomics and Human Disease Research Center, National Chung Cheng University, Minhsiung, Chiayi 621301, Taiwan
- Center for Innovative Research on Aging Society (CIRAS), National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi 621301, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chi Cheng
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chuan Lin
- Guzip Biomarkers Corporation, Hsinchu City 302041, Taiwan
- Phalanx Biotech, Hsinchu City 302041, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Jung Wang
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan
- Doctoral Degree Program in Translational Medicine, Tzu Chi University and Academia Sinica, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan
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Lin Z, Zou S, Wen K. The crosstalk of CD8+ T cells and ferroptosis in cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1255443. [PMID: 38288118 PMCID: PMC10822999 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1255443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent, novel form of programmed cell death characterized by lipid peroxidation and glutathione depletion and is widespread in a variety of diseases. CD8+ T cells are the most important effector cells of cytotoxic T cells, capable of specifically recognizing and killing cancer cells. Traditionally, CD8+ T cells are thought to induce cancer cell death mainly through perforin and granzyme, and Fas-L/Fas binding. In recent years, CD8+ T cell-derived IFN-γ was found to promote cancer cell ferroptosis by multiple mechanisms, including upregulation of IRF1 and IRF8, and downregulation of the system XC-, while cancer cells ferroptosis was shown to enhance the anti-tumor effects of CD8+ T cell by heating the tumor immune microenvironment through the exposure and release of tumor-associated specific antigens, which results in a positive feedback pathway. Unfortunately, the intra-tumoral CD8+ T cells are more sensitive to ferroptosis than cancer cells, which limits the application of ferroptosis inducers in cancer. In addition, CD8+ T cells are susceptible to being regulated by other immune cell ferroptosis in the TME, such as tumor-associated macrophages, dendritic cells, Treg, and bone marrow-derived immunosuppressive cells. Together, these factors build a complex network of CD8+ T cells and ferroptosis in cancer. Therefore, we aim to integrate relevant studies to reveal the potential mechanisms of crosstalk between CD8+ T cells and ferroptosis, and to summarize preclinical models in cancer therapy to find new therapeutic strategies in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjun Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- The First People's Hospital of Zunyi, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Songzhu Zou
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Kunming Wen
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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Marabitti V, Caruana I, Nazio F. Should I stay or should I go? Spatio-temporal control of cellular anchorage by hematopoietic factors orchestrates tumor metastatic cascade. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:149. [PMID: 37679813 PMCID: PMC10483703 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01851-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The term "metastatic cascade" defines a process whereby few tumor cells complete a sequence of steps to leave the primary tumor to reach one or more sites elsewhere in the body, usually through the bloodstream to develop one or several metastases. Due to the nature and plasticity of cancer, unfortunately no specific and functional anti-metastatic drugs are available. In this Commentary, we are highlighting how four essential factors are able to induce adhesion-to-suspension transition (herein referred to as AST) in human cancer cells and how this process may play a key role in tumor metastasis. We further underlined the potential role of hematopoietic transcriptional regulators in reprogramming anchorage dependency of cells, supporting the possible targeting of AST factors as promising therapeutic strategy to overcome metastasis in solid tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Marabitti
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - Ignazio Caruana
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Francesca Nazio
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133, Italy.
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Tse BCY, Bergamin S, Steffen P, Hruby G, Pavlakis N, Clarke SJ, Evans J, Engel A, Kneebone A, Molloy MP. CD11c + and IRF8 + cell densities in rectal cancer biopsies predict outcomes of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Oncoimmunology 2023; 12:2238506. [PMID: 37485033 PMCID: PMC10361136 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2023.2238506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately 20% of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients treated preoperatively with chemoradiotherapy (CRT) achieve pathologically confirmed complete regression. However, there are no clinically implemented biomarkers measurable in biopsies that are predictive of tumor regression. Here, we conducted multiplexed immunophenotyping of rectal cancer diagnostic biopsies from 16 LARC patients treated preoperatively with CRT. We identified that patients with greater tumor regression had higher tumor infiltration of pan-T cells and IRF8+HLA-DR+ cells prior to CRT. High IRF8+HLA-DR+ cell density was further associated with prolonged disease-specific survival with 83% survival at 5 y compared to 28% in patients with low infiltration. Contrastingly, low CD11c+ myeloid cell infiltration prior to CRT was a putative biomarker associated with longer 3- and 5-y disease-free survival. The results demonstrate the potential use of rectal cancer diagnostic biopsies to measure IRF8+ HLA-DR+ cells as predictors of CRT-induced tumor regression and CD11c+ myeloid cells as predictors of LARC patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benita C. Y. Tse
- Bowel Cancer and Biomarker Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Sarah Bergamin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Pascal Steffen
- Bowel Cancer and Biomarker Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - George Hruby
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nick Pavlakis
- Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Stephen J. Clarke
- Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Justin Evans
- Colorectal Surgical Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Alexander Engel
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
- Colorectal Surgical Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Andrew Kneebone
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Mark P. Molloy
- Bowel Cancer and Biomarker Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
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Kumar V, Bauer C, Stewart JH. Targeting cGAS/STING signaling-mediated myeloid immune cell dysfunction in TIME. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:48. [PMID: 37380989 PMCID: PMC10304357 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00942-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid immune cells (MICs) are potent innate immune cells serving as first responders to invading pathogens and internal changes to cellular homeostasis. Cancer is a stage of altered cellular homeostasis that can originate in response to different pathogens, chemical carcinogens, and internal genetic/epigenetic changes. MICs express several pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) on their membranes, cytosol, and organelles, recognizing systemic, tissue, and organ-specific altered homeostasis. cGAS/STING signaling is a cytosolic PRR system for identifying cytosolic double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) in a sequence-independent but size-dependent manner. The longer the cytosolic dsDNA size, the stronger the cGAS/STING signaling activation with increased type 1 interferon (IFN) and NF-κB-dependent cytokines and chemokines' generation. The present article discusses tumor-supportive changes occurring in the tumor microenvironment (TME) or tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) MICs, specifically emphasizing cGAS/STING signaling-dependent alteration. The article further discusses utilizing MIC-specific cGAS/STING signaling modulation as critical tumor immunotherapy to alter TIME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center (LSUHSC), 1700 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70012, USA.
| | - Caitlin Bauer
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center (LSUHSC), 1700 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70012, USA
| | - John H Stewart
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center (LSUHSC), 1700 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70012, USA.
- Louisiana Children's Medical Center Cancer Center, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center (LSUHSC), 1700 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70012, USA.
- Surgery, Section of Surgical Oncology, Louisiana State University New Orleans-Louisiana Children's Medical Center Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Science Center (LSUHSC), 1700 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70012, USA.
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Comprehensive analysis of immune subtypes reveals the prognostic value of cytotoxicity and FAP + fibroblasts in stomach adenocarcinoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:1763-1778. [PMID: 36650362 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03368-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The heterogeneity limits the effective application of immune checkpoint inhibitors for patients with stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD). Precise immunotyping can help select people who may benefit from immunotherapy and guide postoperative management by describing the characteristics of tumor microenvironment. METHODS Gene expression profiles and clinical information of patients were collected from ACRG and TCGA-STAD datasets. The immune subtypes (ISs) were identified by consensus clustering analysis. The tumor immune microenvironments (TIME) of each IS were characterized using a series of immunogenomics methods and further confirmed by multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) staining in clinical samples. Two online datasets and one in-house dataset were utilized to construct and validate a prognostic immune-related gene (IRG) signature. RESULTS STAD patients were stratified into five reproducible ISs. IS1 (immune deserve subtype) had low immune infiltration and the highest degree of HER2 gene mutation. With abundant CD8+ T cells infiltration and activated cytotoxicity reaction, patients in the IS2 (immune-activated subtype) had the best overall survival (OS). IS3 and IS4 subtypes were both in the reactive stroma state and indicated the worst prognosis. However, IS3 (immune-inhibited subtype) was characterized by enrichment of FAP+ fibroblasts and upregulated TGF-β signaling pathway, while IS4 (activated stroma subtype) was characterized by enrichment of ACTA2+ fibroblasts. In addition, mIHC staining confirmed that TGF-β upregulated FAP+ fibroblasts were independent risk factor of OS. IS5 (chronic inflammation subtype) displayed moderate immune cells infiltration and had a relatively good survival. Lastly, we developed a nine-IRG signature model with a robust performance on overall survival prognostication. CONCLUSIONS The immunotyping is indicative for characterize the TIME heterogeneity and the prediction of tumor prognosis for STADs, which may provide valuable stratification for the design of future immunotherapy.
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Poschel DB, Kehinde-Ige M, Klement JD, Yang D, Merting AD, Savage NM, Shi H, Liu K. IRF8 Regulates Intrinsic Ferroptosis through Repressing p53 Expression to Maintain Tumor Cell Sensitivity to Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes. Cells 2023; 12:310. [PMID: 36672246 PMCID: PMC9856547 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis has emerged as a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)-induced tumor cell death pathway. The regulation of tumor cell sensitivity to ferroptosis is incompletely understood. Here, we report that interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) functions as a regulator of tumor cell intrinsic ferroptosis. Genome-wide gene expression profiling identified the ferroptosis pathway as an IRF8-regulated pathway in tumor cells. IRF8.KO tumor cells acquire resistance to intrinsic ferroptosis induction and IRF8-deficient tumor cells also exhibit decreased ferroptosis in response to tumor-specific CTLs. Irf8 deletion increased p53 expression in tumor cells and knocking out p53 in IRF8.KO tumor cells restored tumor cell sensitivity to intrinsic ferroptosis induction. Furthermore, IRF8.KO tumor cells grew significantly faster than WT tumor cells in immune-competent mice. To restore IRF8 expression in tumor cells, we designed and synthesized codon usage-optimized IRF8-encoding DNA to generate IRF8-encoding plasmid NTC9385R-mIRF8. Restoring IRF8 expression via a lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated NTC9385R-mIRF8 plasmid therapy suppressed established tumor growth in vivo. In human cancer patients, nivolumab responders have a significantly higher IRF8 expression level in their tumor cells as compared to the non-responders. Our data determine that IRF8 represses p53 expression to maintain tumor cell sensitivity to intrinsic ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dakota B. Poschel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA
| | - Mercy Kehinde-Ige
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - John D. Klement
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA
| | - Dafeng Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA
| | - Alyssa D. Merting
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA
| | - Natasha M. Savage
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Huidong Shi
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Kebin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA
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9
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Ho GY, Kyran EL, Bedo J, Wakefield MJ, Ennis DP, Mirza HB, Vandenberg CJ, Lieschke E, Farrell A, Hadla A, Lim R, Dall G, Vince JE, Chua NK, Kondrashova O, Upstill-Goddard R, Bailey UM, Dowson S, Roxburgh P, Glasspool RM, Bryson G, Biankin AV, Cooke SL, Ratnayake G, McNally O, Traficante N, DeFazio A, Weroha SJ, Bowtell DD, McNeish IA, Papenfuss AT, Scott CL, Barker HE. Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Supports Ovarian Carcinosarcoma Tumorigenesis and Confers Sensitivity to Microtubule Targeting with Eribulin. Cancer Res 2022; 82:4457-4473. [PMID: 36206301 PMCID: PMC9716257 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-4012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian carcinosarcoma (OCS) is an aggressive and rare tumor type with limited treatment options. OCS is hypothesized to develop via the combination theory, with a single progenitor resulting in carcinomatous and sarcomatous components, or alternatively via the conversion theory, with the sarcomatous component developing from the carcinomatous component through epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In this study, we analyzed DNA variants from isolated carcinoma and sarcoma components to show that OCS from 18 women is monoclonal. RNA sequencing indicated that the carcinoma components were more mesenchymal when compared with pure epithelial ovarian carcinomas, supporting the conversion theory and suggesting that EMT is important in the formation of these tumors. Preclinical OCS models were used to test the efficacy of microtubule-targeting drugs, including eribulin, which has previously been shown to reverse EMT characteristics in breast cancers and induce differentiation in sarcomas. Vinorelbine and eribulin more effectively inhibited OCS growth than standard-of-care platinum-based chemotherapy, and treatment with eribulin reduced mesenchymal characteristics and N-MYC expression in OCS patient-derived xenografts. Eribulin treatment resulted in an accumulation of intracellular cholesterol in OCS cells, which triggered a downregulation of the mevalonate pathway and prevented further cholesterol biosynthesis. Finally, eribulin increased expression of genes related to immune activation and increased the intratumoral accumulation of CD8+ T cells, supporting exploration of immunotherapy combinations in the clinic. Together, these data indicate that EMT plays a key role in OCS tumorigenesis and support the conversion theory for OCS histogenesis. Targeting EMT using eribulin could help improve OCS patient outcomes. SIGNIFICANCE Genomic analyses and preclinical models of ovarian carcinosarcoma support the conversion theory for disease development and indicate that microtubule inhibitors could be used to suppress EMT and stimulate antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwo Yaw Ho
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elizabeth L. Kyran
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Justin Bedo
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- School of Computing and Information Systems, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew J. Wakefield
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Darren P. Ennis
- Division of Cancer and Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Hasan B. Mirza
- Division of Cancer and Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cassandra J. Vandenberg
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Lieschke
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew Farrell
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anthony Hadla
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ratana Lim
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Genevieve Dall
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - James E. Vince
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ngee Kiat Chua
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Olga Kondrashova
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rosanna Upstill-Goddard
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Ulla-Maja Bailey
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Suzanne Dowson
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia Roxburgh
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Rosalind M. Glasspool
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth Bryson
- Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew V. Biankin
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - Susanna L. Cooke
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - Orla McNally
- The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nadia Traficante
- Sir Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Anna DeFazio
- Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, A Joint Venture with Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - S. John Weroha
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - David D. Bowtell
- Sir Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Iain A. McNeish
- Division of Cancer and Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony T. Papenfuss
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Clare L. Scott
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Holly E. Barker
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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10
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Xu C, Sun D, Wei C, Chang H. Bioinformatic analysis and experimental validation identified DNA methylation–Related biomarkers and immune-cell infiltration of atherosclerosis. Front Genet 2022; 13:989459. [PMID: 36159969 PMCID: PMC9493181 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.989459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: DNA methylation is an important form of epigenetic regulation and is closely related to atherosclerosis (AS). The purpose of this study was to identify DNA methylation–related biomarkers and explore the immune-infiltrate characteristics of AS based on methylation data.Methods: DNA methylation data of 15 atherosclerotic and paired healthy tissues were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differential methylation positions (DMPs) and differential methylation regions (DMRs) were screened by the ChAMP R package. The methylation levels of DMPs located on CpG islands of gene promoter regions were averaged. The limma R package was used to screen differentially methylated genes in the CpG islands of the promoter regions. The diagnostic values of the methylation levels were evaluated using the pROC R package. The EpiDISH algorithm was applied to quantify the infiltration levels of seven types of immune cells. Subsequently, three pairs of clinical specimens of coronary atherosclerosis with Stary’s pathological stage III were collected, and the methylation levels were detected by the methylation-specific PCR (MS-PCR) assay. Western blot was performed to detect the protein expression levels of monocyte markers.Results: A total of 110, 695 DMPs, and 918 DMRs were screened in the whole genome. Also, six genes with significant methylation differences in the CpG islands of the promoter regions were identified, including 49 DMPs. In total, three genes (GRIK2, HOXA2, and HOXA3) had delta beta greater than 0.2. The infiltration level of monocytes was significantly upregulated in AS tissues. MS-PCR assay confirmed the methylation status of the aforementioned three genes in AS samples. The Western blot results showed that the expression levels of the monocyte marker CD14 and M1-type macrophage marker CD86 were significantly increased in AS while M2-type macrophage marker protein CD206 was significantly decreased.Conclusion: This study identified potential DNA methylation–related biomarkers and revealed the role of monocytes in early AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congjian Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong, China
| | - Di Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong, China
| | - Changmin Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong, China
- *Correspondence: Changmin Wei, ; Hao Chang,
| | - Hao Chang
- Hanyu Biomed Center Beijing, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Changmin Wei, ; Hao Chang,
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11
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IRF8: Mechanism of Action and Health Implications. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172630. [PMID: 36078039 PMCID: PMC9454819 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) is a transcription factor of the IRF protein family. IRF8 was originally identified as an essentialfactor for myeloid cell lineage commitment and differentiation. Deletion of Irf8 leads to massive accumulation of CD11b+Gr1+ immature myeloid cells (IMCs), particularly the CD11b+Ly6Chi/+Ly6G− polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cell-like cells (PMN-MDSCs). Under pathological conditions such as cancer, Irf8 is silenced by its promoter DNA hypermethylation, resulting in accumulation of PMN-MDSCs and CD11b+ Ly6G+Ly6Clo monocytic MDSCs (M-MDSCs) in mice. IRF8 is often silenced in MDSCs in human cancer patients. MDSCs are heterogeneous populations of immune suppressive cells that suppress T and NK cell activity to promote tumor immune evasion and produce growth factors to exert direct tumor-promoting activity. Emerging experimental data reveals that IRF8 is also expressed in non-hematopoietic cells. Epithelial cell-expressed IRF8 regulates apoptosis and represses Osteopontin (OPN). Human tumor cells may use the IRF8 promoter DNA methylation as a mechanism to repress IRF8 expression to advance cancer through acquiring apoptosis resistance and OPN up-regulation. Elevated OPN engages CD44 to suppress T cell activation and promote tumor cell stemness to advance cancer. IRF8 thus is a transcription factor that regulates both the immune and non-immune components in human health and diseases.
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12
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Bolesina N, Gatti G, López de Blanc S, Dhooge S, Rocha D, Fernandez E, Ferreyra R, Palla V, Grupe V, Morelatto R, Maccioni M. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tumors from heavy alcohol consumers are associated with higher levels of TLR9 and a particular immunophenotype: Impact on patient survival. Front Immunol 2022; 13:941667. [PMID: 35990685 PMCID: PMC9389540 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.941667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most frequent types of oral cancer in developing countries and its burden correlates with exposure to tobacco and excessive alcohol consumption. Toll like receptors (TLRs) are major sensors of inflammatory stimuli, from both microbial and sterile causes and as such, they have been related to tumor progression and metastasis. Here, we evaluated the expression of TLR2, 4 and 9 as well as CD3+, CD8+ and Granzyme B+ cell infiltration by immunohistochemistry in oral samples of 30 patients with OSCC, classified according to their consumption of alcohol. Our findings indicate that there is a significant association between heavy alcohol consumption and tumors with higher expression levels of TLR9. Moreover, patients with TLR9high tumors, as well as those who indicated high consumption of alcohol exhibited a diminished overall survival. TCGA data analysis indicated that TLR9high tumors express a significant increase in some genes related with the oral cavity itself, inflammation and tumor promotion. Our analysis of tumor infiltrating leukocytes demonstrated that the major differences perceived in heavy alcohol consumers was the location of CD8+ T cells infiltrating the tumor, which showed lower numbers intratumorally. Our data suggest the existence of a pathogenic loop that involves alcohol consumption, high TLR9 expression and the immunophenotype, which might have a profound impact on the progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Bolesina
- Departamento de Patología Oral, Cátedra de Estomatología, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gerardo Gatti
- Fundación para el Progreso de la Medicina. Laboratorio de Investigación en Cáncer, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Silvia López de Blanc
- Departamento de Patología Oral, Cátedra de Estomatología, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Sabrina Dhooge
- Fundación para el Progreso de la Medicina. Laboratorio de Investigación en Cáncer, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Darío Rocha
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Inmunología y Enfermedades Infecciosas, CIDIE-CONICET, Universidad Católica de Córdoba; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Elmer Fernandez
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Inmunología y Enfermedades Infecciosas, CIDIE-CONICET, Universidad Católica de Córdoba; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ruth Ferreyra
- Departamento de Patología Oral, Cátedra de Estomatología, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Vanesa Palla
- Fundación para el Progreso de la Medicina. Laboratorio de Investigación en Cáncer, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Verónica Grupe
- Fundación para el Progreso de la Medicina. Laboratorio de Investigación en Cáncer, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Rosana Morelatto
- Departamento de Patología Oral, Cátedra de Estomatología, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Mariana Maccioni, ; Rosana Andrea Morelatto,
| | - Mariana Maccioni
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología, CIBICI-CONICET, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Mariana Maccioni, ; Rosana Andrea Morelatto,
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13
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McQuaid DC, Panse G, Wang WL, Pinkus GS, Katz SG, Xu ML. Global assessment of IRF8 as a novel cancer biomarker. Hum Pathol 2022; 122:1-10. [PMID: 35085599 PMCID: PMC10621657 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) is a member of the IRF family that is specific to the hematopoietic cell and is involved in regulating the development of human monocytic and dendritic-lineage cells, as well as B-cells. Because its utility as a sensitive and specific monoblast marker in the context of acute monocytic leukemias has been recently demonstrated, we hypothesized that it may also be useful as a novel immunohistochemical marker in myeloid sarcomas and blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasms (BPDCNs) with respect to their differential diagnoses. In this retrospective study, we analyzed the IHC expression pattern of IRF8 in 385 patient samples across 30 types of cancers, referenced to their mRNA expression data available through The Cancer Genome Atlas. In addition, we assessed IRF8 in 35 myeloid sarcomas and 15 BPDCNs. Twenty-four of 35 cases of myeloid sarcomas (68.5%) showed positivity for IRF8, with six cases (17.1%) demonstrating IRF8 expression in the absence of CD34 and MPO. All 15 of 15 BPDCNs (100%) showed strong uniform expression of IRF8 and were occasionally more definitive than CD123. IRF8 was negative in all desmoplastic small round cell tumors, Ewing sarcomas, synovial sarcomas, and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas, as well as all epithelial malignancies tested except for 2 triple negative breast cancers that showed subset weak staining. In conclusion, IRF8 is a novel marker helpful in identifying extranodal hematopoietic tumors that can otherwise be difficult to diagnose given the broad differential diagnoses and frequent loss of more common lineage-defining markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C McQuaid
- Department of Pathology, Yale New-Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Gauri Panse
- Department of Pathology, Yale New-Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Wei-Lien Wang
- Department of Pathology and Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Geraldine S Pinkus
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Samuel G Katz
- Department of Pathology, Yale New-Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
| | - Mina L Xu
- Department of Pathology, Yale New-Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
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14
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Zhou C, Zhan G, Jin Y, Chen J, Shen Z, Shen Y, Deng H. A novel pyroptosis-related gene signature to predict outcomes in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:25960-25979. [PMID: 34910689 PMCID: PMC8751611 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Pyroptosis, a pro-inflammatory form of programmed cell death, is associated with carcinogenesis and progression. However, there is little information concerning pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Herein, we aim to explore the prognostic value of PRGs in LSCC. The expression and clinical data of 47 PRGs in LSCC patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas. A novel prognostic PRG signature was constructed using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn, and Kaplan-Meier survival Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were performed to measure the predictive capacity of the PRG signature. Furthermore, we constructed a six-PRG signature to divide LSCC patients into high- and low-risk groups. Patients in the high-risk group had worse overall survival than the low-risk group. The area under the time-dependent ROC curve was 0.696 for 1 year, 0.784 for 3 years, and 0.738 for 5 years. We proved that the PRGs signature was an independent predictor for LSCC. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that several immune-related pathways were significantly enriched in the low-risk group. Consistent with this, patients with low-risk scores had higher immune scores and better immunotherapeutic responses than the high-risk group. In conclusion, we established a novel PRGs signature that can predict outcome and response to immunotherapy of LSCC, pyroptosis may be a potential target for LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongchang Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guowen Zhan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ningbo Yinzhou Second Hospital, Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yangli Jin
- Department of Ultrasonography, Ningbo Yinzhou Second Hospital, Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianneng Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ningbo Zhenhai Longsai Hospital, Ningbo 315200, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhisen Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongxia Deng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang, China
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15
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Zou M, Wu H, Zhou M, Xiao F, Abudushalamu G, Yao Y, Zhao F, Gao W, Yan X, Fan X, Wu G. High expression of CLEC10A in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma indicates favorable prognosis and high‐level immune infiltration status. Cell Immunol 2021; 372:104472. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2021.104472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Hu S, Qu X, Jiao Y, Hu J, Wang B. Immune Classification and Immune Landscape Analysis of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Front Genet 2021; 12:710534. [PMID: 34795691 PMCID: PMC8593253 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.710534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To classify triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) immunotyping using the public database, analyze the differences between subtypes in terms of clinical characteristics and explore the role and clinical significance of immune subtypes in TNBC immunotherapy. Methods: We downloaded TNBC data from the cBioPortal and GEO databases. The immune genes were grouped to obtain immune gene modules and annotate their biological functions. Log-rank tests and Cox regression were used to evaluate the prognosis of immune subtypes (IS). Drug sensitivity analysis was also performed for the differences among immune subtypes in immunotherapy and chemotherapy. In addition, dimension reduction analysis based on graph learning was utilized to reveal the internal structure of the immune system and visualize the distribution of patients. Results: Significant differences in prognosis were observed between subtypes (IS1, IS2, and IS3), with the best in IS3 and the worst in IS1. The sensitivity of IS3 to immunotherapy and chemotherapy was better than the other two subtypes. In addition, Immune landscape analysis found the intra-class heterogeneity of immune subtypes and further classified IS3 subtypes (IS3A and IS3B). Immune-related genes were divided into seven functional modules (The turquoise module has the worst prognosis). Five hub genes (RASSF5, CD8A, ICOS, IRF8, and CD247) were screened out as the final characteristic genes related to poor prognosis by low expression. Conclusions: The immune subtypes of TNBC were significantly different in prognosis, gene mutation, immune infiltration, drug sensitivity, and heterogeneity. We validated the independent role of immune subtypes in tumor progression and immunotherapy for TNBC. This study provides a new perspective for personalized immunotherapy and the prognosis evaluation of TNBC patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojun Hu
- Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Xiusheng Qu
- Chemotherapy Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Yu Jiao
- Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Jiahui Hu
- Chemotherapy Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
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17
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Gatti G, Betts C, Rocha D, Nicola M, Grupe V, Ditada C, Nuñez NG, Roselli E, Araya P, Dutto J, Boffelli L, Fernández E, Coussens LM, Maccioni M. Correction to: High IRF8 expression correlates with CD8 T cell infiltration and is a predictive biomarker of therapy response in ER-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2021; 23:48. [PMID: 33888121 PMCID: PMC8061077 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-021-01427-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Gatti
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Cáncer, Fundación para el progreso de la Medicina, X5000EMS, Córdoba, Argentina. .,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Courtney Betts
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Darío Rocha
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Maribel Nicola
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Cáncer, Fundación para el progreso de la Medicina, X5000EMS, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Verónica Grupe
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Cáncer, Fundación para el progreso de la Medicina, X5000EMS, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Ditada
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Cáncer, Fundación para el progreso de la Medicina, X5000EMS, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Nicolas G Nuñez
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Emiliano Roselli
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Paula Araya
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Jeremías Dutto
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Lucia Boffelli
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Elmer Fernández
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,CIDIE-CONICET, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Lisa M Coussens
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Mariana Maccioni
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
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