1
|
Djordjevic I, Garai N, Peric S, Karanovic J, Pesovic J, Brkusanin M, Lavrnic D, Apostolski S, Savic-Pavicevic D, Basta I. Association between Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Antigen 4 (CTLA-4) Locus and Early-Onset Anti-acetylcholine Receptor-Positive Myasthenia Gravis in Serbian Patients. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04183-8. [PMID: 38652350 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04183-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have provided strong evidence that early- and late-onset MG have different genetic backgrounds. Recent in silico analysis based on GWAS results revealed rs231735 and rs231770 variants within CTLA-4 locus as possible MG causative genetic factors. We aimed to explore the association of rs231735 and rs231770 with MG in a representative cohort of Serbian patients. We conducted an age-, sex-, and ethnicity-matched case-control study. Using TaqMan allele discrimination assays, the frequency of rs231735 and rs231770 genetic variants was examined in 447 AChR-MG patients and 447 matched controls. There was no significant association of rs231735 and rs231770 with the entire MG cohort (P > 0.05). Nevertheless, when stratifying patients into early-onset (n = 183) and late-onset MG (n = 264), we found early-onset patients had a significantly lower frequency of the rs231735 allele T compared to controls (OR = 0.734, 95% CI = 0.575-0.938, p10e6 permutation < 0.05), and rs231735 genotype TT and rs231770 genotype TT had a protective effect on early-onset MG (OR = 0.548, 95% CI = 0.339-0.888, and OR = 0.563, 95% CI = 0.314-1.011, p10e6 permutation < 0.05). Consequently, we found that individuals with the rs231735-rs231770 haplotype GC had a higher risk for developing early-onset MG (OR = 1.360, P = 0.027, p10e6 permutation < 0.05). Our results suggest that CTLA-4 rs231735 and rs231770 may be risk factors only for patients with early-onset MG in Serbian population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Djordjevic
- University Clinical Center of Serbia, Neurology Clinic, 6 Dr Subotića starijeg street, Belgrade, 11129, Serbia.
| | - Nemanja Garai
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Center for Human Molecular Genetics, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Stojan Peric
- University Clinical Center of Serbia, Neurology Clinic, 6 Dr Subotića starijeg street, Belgrade, 11129, Serbia
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Karanovic
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovan Pesovic
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Center for Human Molecular Genetics, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milos Brkusanin
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Center for Human Molecular Genetics, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragana Lavrnic
- University Clinical Center of Serbia, Neurology Clinic, 6 Dr Subotića starijeg street, Belgrade, 11129, Serbia
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Dusanka Savic-Pavicevic
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Center for Human Molecular Genetics, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Basta
- University Clinical Center of Serbia, Neurology Clinic, 6 Dr Subotića starijeg street, Belgrade, 11129, Serbia
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Han Y, Liu S, Shi S, Shu Y, Lu C, Gu X. Screening of Genes Associated with Immune Infiltration of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus Based on Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-023-10603-6. [PMID: 38451400 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10603-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) is a disorder of the immune system commonly seen in women of childbearing age. The pathophysiology and aetiology are still poorly understood, and no cure is presently available. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms, as well as search for new therapeutic targets. Gene expression data from skin biopsies samples of DLE patients and healthy controls were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between DLE and healthy control samples were identified by differential expression analysis. Samples were analysed using CIBERSORT to examine the proportion of immune infiltration. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis was used to screen for the module most relevant to immune infiltration. Candidate genes were uploaded to the TRRUST database to obtain the potential transcription factors regulating these genes. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis was performed to obtain the hub genes most associated with immune infiltration among the candidate genes. A total of 273 DEGs were identified between the DLE and healthy control samples. The results of immunoinfiltration analysis showed that the abundances of resting memory CD4 T cells, activated memory CD4 T cells and M1 macrophages were significantly higher, while those of resting infiltration of plasma cells, regulatory T cells and dendritic cells were lower in DLE samples than in healthy control samples. Correlation analysis showed that ISG15, TRIM22, XAF1, IFIT2, OAS2, OAS3, OAS1, IFI44, IFI6, BST2, IFIT1 and MX2 were negatively correlated with the abundances of plasma cells, T-cell regulatory cells and resting dendritic cells and positively correlated with activated memory CD4 T cells and M1 macrophages. Our study shows that these hub genes may regulate DLE via immune-related pathways mediated by the infiltration of these immune cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuru Han
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, 279 Zhouzhu Rd. Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201318, China
- School of Health Sciences and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, 279 Zhouzhu Rd. Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201318, China
- School of Health Sciences and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuo Shi
- China COMAC Shanghai Aircraft Design and Research Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongyong Shu
- School of Health Sciences and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Changlian Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, 279 Zhouzhu Rd. Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201318, China.
- School of Health Sciences and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xuefeng Gu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, 279 Zhouzhu Rd. Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201318, China.
- School of Health Sciences and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Singh MK, Rallabandi HR, Zhou XJ, Qi YY, Zhao ZZ, Gan T, Zhang H, Looger LL, Nath SK. KLF2 enhancer variant rs4808485 increases lupus risk by modulating inflammasome machinery and cellular homoeostasis. Ann Rheum Dis 2024:ard-2023-224953. [PMID: 38373841 DOI: 10.1136/ard-2023-224953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A recent genome-wide association study linked KLF2 as a novel Asian-specific locus for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) susceptibility. However, the underlying causal functional variant(s), cognate target gene(s) and genetic mechanisms associated with SLE risk are unknown. METHODS We used bioinformatics to prioritise likely functional variants and validated the best candidate with diverse experimental techniques, including genome editing. Gene expression was compared between healthy controls (HCs) and patients with SLE with or without lupus nephritis (LN+, LN-). RESULTS Through bioinformatics and expression quantitative trait locus analyses, we prioritised rs4808485 in active chromatin, predicted to modulate KLF2 expression. Luciferase reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation-qPCR demonstrated differential allele-specific enhancer activity and binding of active histone marks (H3K27ac, H3K4me3 and H3K4me1), Pol II, CTCF, P300 and the transcription factor PARP1. Chromosome conformation capture-qPCR revealed long-range chromatin interactions between rs4808485 and the KLF2 promoter. These were directly validated by CRISPR-based genetic and epigenetic editing in Jurkat and lymphoblastoid cells. Deleting the rs4808485 enhancer in Jurkat (KO) cells disrupted NLRP3 inflammasome machinery by reducing KLF2 and increasing CASPASE1, IL-1β and GSDMD levels. Knockout cells also exhibited higher proliferation and cell-cycle progression than wild type. RNA-seq validated interplay between KLF2 and inflammasome machinery in HC, LN+ and LN-. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate how rs4808485 modulates the inflammasome and cellular homoeostasis through regulating KLF2 expression. This establishes mechanistic connections between rs4808485 and SLE susceptibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar Singh
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Harikrishna Reddy Rallabandi
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Xu-Jie Zhou
- Renal Division, Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Qi
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhan-Zheng Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Ting Gan
- Renal Division, Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Renal Division, Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, China
| | - Loren L Looger
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Swapan K Nath
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Parodis I, Lindblom J, Barturen G, Ortega-Castro R, Cervera R, Pers JO, Genre F, Hiepe F, Gerosa M, Kovács L, De Langhe E, Piantoni S, Stummvoll G, Vasconcelos C, Vigone B, Witte T, Alarcón-Riquelme ME, Beretta L. Molecular characterisation of lupus low disease activity state (LLDAS) and DORIS remission by whole-blood transcriptome-based pathways in a pan-European systemic lupus erythematosus cohort. Ann Rheum Dis 2024:ard-2023-224795. [PMID: 38373843 DOI: 10.1136/ard-2023-224795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To unveil biological milieus underlying low disease activity (LDA) and remission versus active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS We determined differentially expressed pathways (DEPs) in SLE patients from the PRECISESADS project (NTC02890121) stratified into patients fulfilling and not fulfilling the criteria of (1) Lupus LDA State (LLDAS), (2) Definitions of Remission in SLE remission, and (3) LLDAS exclusive of remission. RESULTS We analysed data from 321 patients; 40.8% were in LLDAS, and 17.4% in DORIS remission. After exclusion of patients in remission, 28.3% were in LLDAS. Overall, 604 pathways differed significantly in LLDAS versus non-LLDAS patients with an false-discovery rate-corrected p (q)<0.05 and a robust effect size (dr)≥0.36. Accordingly, 288 pathways differed significantly between DORIS remitters and non-remitters (q<0.05 and dr≥0.36). DEPs yielded distinct molecular clusters characterised by differential serological, musculoskeletal, and renal activity. Analysis of partially overlapping samples showed no DEPs between LLDAS and DORIS remission. Drug repurposing potentiality for treating SLE was unveiled, as were important pathways underlying active SLE whose modulation could aid attainment of LLDAS/remission, including toll-like receptor (TLR) cascades, Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) activity, the cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4)-related inhibitory signalling, and the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated for the first time molecular signalling pathways distinguishing LLDAS/remission from active SLE. LLDAS/remission was associated with reversal of biological processes related to SLE pathogenesis and specific clinical manifestations. DEP clustering by remission better grouped patients compared with LLDAS, substantiating remission as the ultimate treatment goal in SLE; however, the lack of substantial pathway differentiation between the two states justifies LLDAS as an acceptable goal from a biological perspective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Parodis
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dermatology and Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Julius Lindblom
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dermatology and Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Guillermo Barturen
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer, University of Granada / Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain, Medical Genomics, Granada, Spain
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Ricard Cervera
- Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jacques-Olivier Pers
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Brest, Hopital de la Cavale Blanche, Brest, France
| | - Fernanda Genre
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - Falk Hiepe
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Ellen De Langhe
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven and Universitair Ziekenhuis Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Silvia Piantoni
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | | | - Barbara Vigone
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Marta E Alarcón-Riquelme
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer, University of Granada / Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain, Medical Genomics, Granada, Spain
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lorenzo Beretta
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hu JQ, Yan YH, Xie H, Feng XB, Ge WH, Zhou H, Yu LL, Sun LY, Xie Y. Targeting abnormal lipid metabolism of T cells for systemic lupus erythematosus treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115198. [PMID: 37536033 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks its own tissues and organs. However, the causes of SLE remain unknown. Dyslipidemia is a common symptom observed in SLE patients and animal models and is closely correlated to disease activity. Lipid metabolic reprogramming has been considered as a hallmark of the dysfunction of T cells in patients with SLE, therefore, manipulating lipid metabolism provides a potential therapeutic target for treating SLE. A better understanding of the underlying mechanisms for the metabolic events of immune cells under pathological conditions is crucial for tuning immunometabolism to manage autoimmune diseases such as SLE. In this review, we aim to summarize the cross-link between lipid metabolism and the function of T cells as well as the underlying mechanisms, and provide light on the novel therapeutic strategies of active compounds from herbals for the treatment of SLE by targeting lipid metabolism in immune cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Yan-Hua Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Han Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao Special Administrative Region of China; The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Xue-Bing Feng
- The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Wei-Hong Ge
- The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Li Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao Special Administrative Region of China.
| | - Ling-Yun Sun
- The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China.
| | - Ying Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lv F, He Y, Xu H, Li Y, Han L, Yan L, Lang H, Zhao Y, Zhao Z, Qi Y. CD36 aggravates podocyte injury by activating NLRP3 inflammasome and inhibiting autophagy in lupus nephritis. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:729. [PMID: 35999224 PMCID: PMC9399182 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05179-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A major cause of proteinuria in lupus nephritis (LN) is podocyte injury, and determining potential therapeutic targets to prevent podocyte injury is important from a clinical perspective in the treatment of LN. CD36 is involved in podocyte injury in several glomerulopathies and was reported to be a vital candidate gene in LN. Here, we determined the role of CD36 in the podocyte injury of LN and the underlying mechanisms. We observed that CD36 and NLRP3 (NLR family pyrin domain containing 3) were upregulated in the podocytes of lupus nephritis patients and MRL/lpr mice with renal impairment. In vitro, CD36, NLRP3 inflammasome, and autophagy were elevated accompanied with increased podocyte injury stimulated by IgG extracted from lupus nephritis patients compared that from healthy donors. Knocking out CD36 with the CRISPR/cas9 system decreased the NLRP3 inflammasome levels, increased the autophagy levels and alleviated podocyte injury. By enhancing autophagy, NLRP3 inflammasome was decreased and podocyte injury was alleviated. These results demonstrated that, in lupus nephritis, CD36 promoted podocyte injury by activating NLRP3 inflammasome and inhibiting autophagy by enhancing which could decrease NLRP3 inflammasome and alleviate podocyte injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fu Lv
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Nephrology Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450052 China
| | - Yingxin He
- grid.207374.50000 0001 2189 3846School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Ke xue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001 China
| | - Hongde Xu
- grid.207374.50000 0001 2189 3846School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Ke xue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001 China
| | - Yongchun Li
- grid.207374.50000 0001 2189 3846School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Ke xue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001 China
| | - Lipei Han
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Nephrology Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450052 China
| | - Lijie Yan
- grid.207374.50000 0001 2189 3846School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Ke xue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001 China
| | - Hui Lang
- grid.207374.50000 0001 2189 3846School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Ke xue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001 China
| | - Yafei Zhao
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Nephrology Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450052 China
| | - Zhanzheng Zhao
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Nephrology Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450052 China
| | - Yuanyuan Qi
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Nephrology Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450052 China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wan H, Zhou H, Feng Y, Chen Y, Zhu L, Mi Y. Comprehensive Analysis of 29,464 Cancer Cases and 35,858 Controls to Investigate the Effect of the Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen 4 Gene rs231775 A/G Polymorphism on Cancer Risk. Front Oncol 2022; 12:878507. [PMID: 35600409 PMCID: PMC9114750 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.878507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous studies, we found that the rs231775 polymorphism of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) is associated with risks of different cancer types; however, the association remains controversial and ambiguous, so we conducted an in-depth meta-analysis to verify the association. A complete search of the PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, Chinese databases, and Web of Science was conducted without regard to language limitations, covering all publications since November 20, 2021. The search criteria for cancer susceptibility associated with the polymorphism in the CTLA-4 gene rs231775 resulted in 87 case-control studies with 29,464 cases and 35,858 controls. The association strength was analyzed using odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Overall, we found that the CTLA-4 rs231775 polymorphism may reduce cancer risk. A stratified cancer type analysis showed that CTLA-4 rs231775 polymorphism was a risk factor for colorectal cancer and thyroid cancer; on the other hand, it was a protective factor for breast cancer, liver cancer, cervical cancer, bone cancer, head and neck, and pancreatic cancer. We also classified cancer into five systems and observed an increased association with digestive tract cancer, decreased associations with orthopedic tumors, tumors of the urinary system, and gynecological tumors. In the subgroup based on race, decreased relationships were observed in both Asians and Caucasians. The same decreased association was also shown in the analysis of the source of control analysis. Our present study indicates that the CTLA-4 rs231775 polymorphism contributes to cancer development and aggression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Wan
- Wuxi Medical College, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Hangsheng Zhou
- Wuxi Medical College, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yanyan Feng
- Wuxi Medical College, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yongquan Chen
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Lijie Zhu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuanyuan Mi
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dobosz P, Stempor PA, Ramírez Moreno M, Bulgakova NA. Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of checkpoint genes on the tumour side of the immunological synapse. Heredity (Edinb) 2022; 129:64-74. [PMID: 35459932 PMCID: PMC9273643 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-022-00533-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a disease of the genome, therefore, its development has a clear Mendelian component, demonstrated by well-studied genes such as BRCA1 and BRCA2 in breast cancer risk. However, it is known that a single genetic variant is not enough for cancer to develop leading to the theory of multistage carcinogenesis. In many cases, it is a sequence of events, acquired somatic mutations, or simply polygenic components with strong epigenetic effects, such as in the case of brain tumours. The expression of many genes is the product of the complex interplay between several factors, including the organism’s genotype (in most cases Mendelian-inherited), genetic instability, epigenetic factors (non-Mendelian-inherited) as well as the immune response of the host, to name just a few. In recent years the importance of the immune system has been elevated, especially in the light of the immune checkpoint genes discovery and the subsequent development of their inhibitors. As the expression of these genes normally suppresses self-immunoreactivity, their expression by tumour cells prevents the elimination of the tumour by the immune system. These discoveries led to the rapid growth of the field of immuno-oncology that offers new possibilities of long-lasting and effective treatment options. Here we discuss the recent advances in the understanding of the key mechanisms controlling the expression of immune checkpoint genes in tumour cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Dobosz
- Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior Affairs and Administration in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Miguel Ramírez Moreno
- School of Biosciences and Bateson Centre, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Natalia A Bulgakova
- School of Biosciences and Bateson Centre, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
| |
Collapse
|