Solitary preperitoneal neurofibroma: a case report

Retroperitoneal solitary neurofibroma mimicking lymph node metastasis of colon cancer: a case report

BACKGROUND

A neurofibroma is a benign tumor that arises from Schwann cells and neurofibromas occur throughout the skin of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1: Von Recklinghausen's disease) patients. A retroperitoneal solitary neurofibroma without any clinical signs of NF1 has been rarely reported. Herein, we present a case of a retroperitoneal solitary neurofibroma mimicking lymph node metastasis of colon cancer as well as a literature review.

CASE PRESENTATION

An 80-year-old woman with abdominal pain and nausea was transported and diagnosed with bowel obstruction arising from sigmoid colon cancer A colonic stent was inserted to alleviate the bowel obstruction. A computed tomography scan with contrast revealed a liver tumor in segment 3, and an enlarged lymph node around the abdominal aorta. Whole-body 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography-CT (FDG-PET-CT) examine revealed increased FDG uptake in the liver tumor and enlarged lymph node. Liver and distant lymph node metastasis were diagnosed and we made a plan for a two-stage operation of the colon cancer and the metastatic lesions because laparotomy resection was needed for the retroperitoneal lymph node. Laparoscopic sigmoid colectomy was performed first. Pathological examination showed a tubular adenocarcinoma. A laparotomy for the metastatic lesions was performed to ensure complete lymph node dissection secondly. Histopathological findings of the liver tumor showed metastasis of sigmoid colon cancer. However, the tissue regarded as the enlarged lymph node was diagnosed as a neurofibroma. No metastasis and recurrence were observed.

CONCLUSION

Although most neurofibromas are benign, malignant transformation of a neurofibroma is possible. PET-CT showed our patient had a high accumulated retroperitoneal tumor co-existing with colon cancer and liver metastasis. The treatment strategy of a solitary neurofibroma must be selected carefully considering the site of occurrence and the patient's background and aggressive resection of a tumor co-existing with another malignant tumor is needed.

Solitary Retroperitoneal Neurofibroma Associated With Deep Vein Thrombosis in a 40-Year-Old Male

A neurofibroma is a benign, non-encapsulated neoplasm of the peripheral nerve sheath. These tumors are a notorious manifestation of the autosomal dominant condition known as neurofibromatosis type 1, where they present as multiple, cutaneous masses with high malignant potential. On the contrary, benign solitary retroperitoneal neurofibromas (SRN) occur without any associated conditions and have rarely been documented. Our case is of a 40-year-old male who presented with a three-month history of painful calf swelling, refractory to over-the-counter painkillers which was later diagnosed as deep vein thrombosis (DVT). A computed tomography (CT) angiogram was done which revealed a mass in the retroperitoneum impinging on the inferior vena cava (IVC). Approximately one month later, the whole mass was surgically excised and histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of a neurofibroma. This case presentation proved to be novel as it highlights the evaluation and management of a rare SRN which resulted in extensive DVT.

Large solitary encapsulated neurofibroma of upper arm: A case report

Introduction: Neurofibromas are benign tumors of neuronal origin, occurring most commonly in young adults, with no gender predilection. The connection of neurofibroma with disorders on a general level as von Recklinghausen's disease makes its diagnosis critical. Case report: A 32-old female patient was administered to the Clinic of Plastic surgery, Clinical Center of Montenegro in Podgorica, with a 10-year history of painless, subcutaneous tumor of the right upper arm that grew in size over the last ten years. The patient reported progressive pain and tingling in her right forearm and right hand for the last 12 months. An MRI showed a non-homogenous tumor of the middle third portion of the triceps muscle, in close contact with the humerus but without infiltrating it. The tumor was removed, with a definitive histopathological result of a solitary benign neurofibroma. Conclusions: This example of successful treatment of solitary neurofibroma may serve to increase the awareness of surgeons and radiologists in small countries regarding benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors. The patient is under observation for two years with no signs of relapse and no other features indicative of neurofibromatosis type 1.

A rare case report of an solitary neurofibroma in postcricoid region of hypopharynx

RATIONALE

Postcricoid neurofibroma is an extremely rare hypopharynx tumor that can be challenging in both diagnosis and treatment. This case sheds light on the possibility of treatment with transoral microsurgery before pursuing open cervical incisions.

PATIENT CONCERNS

: A 43-year-old man presented with a four months history of a persistent foreign body sensation and mild dysphagia. Indirect and direct laryngoscopy at admission revealed a round and smooth submucosal mass in the postcricoid region.

DIAGNOSIS

A laryngeal enhanced computed tomography and laryngoscopy suggested that the tumor located in hypopharynx, with clear boundary and slightly strengthened edge. A supporting laryngoscopy surgery was performed under general anesthesia and a biopsy confirmed solitary neurofibroma of the postcricoid region.

INTERVENTIONS

The tumor was successfully resected en bloc transorally through supporting laryngoscope, and obviated the need for open cervical surgery and tracheostomy.

OUTCOMES

The patient recovered well without any intraoperative or postoperative complication and was discharged from hospital 2 days after surgery. There was no recurrence after 6 months follow-up.

LESSONS

Postcricoid neurofibroma is an extremely rare hypopharynx tumor that can be diagnostically challenging. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case reported of solitary neurofibroma originating from the postcricoid region of the hypopharynx and was surgically removed with transoral surgery through supporting laryngoscope.

Schwannoma and Neurofibroma, Originating from the Ulnar Nerve in Neurofibromatosis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Schwannomas and neurofibromas are rare benign tumors originating from the peripheral nerve sheath. Tumors in neurofibromatosis are mostly neurofibromas and often appear in the soft tissue of peripheral nerves. In this report, a patient presented with two large adjacent soft tissue tumors in the right wrist and distal forearm which originated from a common nerve. A schwannoma had formed beside a neurofibroma from the ulnar nerve and induced numbness and paresthesia in the little and ring fingers. Although the patient had café au lait spots on the skin, neurofibromatosis was not suspected due to lack of symptoms. The patient was referred to the current research clinic suffering from two soft tissue masses in the wrist and ulnar nerve dysfunction. In neurofibromatosis patients, two tumors of a different nature originating from a common nerve close together have rarely been described in the literature. The patient was treated by en bloc excision of the mass while protecting the nerve fascicles. The follow-up results indicated no neurological symptoms and complete restoration of ulnar nerve function.

Sporadic neurofibroma of transverse colon in a patient without neurofibromatosis type 1: A case report

Introduction

The occurrence of sporadic colonic neurofibroma particularly in a patient without neurofibromatosis type 1 has been rarely reported. Therefore, the clinical significance of this disease has not been fully elucidated.

Presentation of case

An 81-year-old woman with a positive fecal occult blood test result was referred to our institution for the evaluation of anemia. On colonoscopy, a 50-mm submucosal tumor-like mass was found in the hepatic flexure of the colon. Superficial biopsy and boring biopsy showed unspecific granulation tissues, and immunostaining revealed that the mesenchymal tumor was negative for CD34, c-kit, desmin, and S100 protein. The patient underwent laparoscopic right colectomy with complete mesocolic excision (CME). Pathologically, the tumor was diagnosed as neurofibroma.

Discussion

Gastrointestinal neurofibromas are known to cause clinical symptoms. No colonic neurofibroma has been diagnosed before resection. Moreover, neurofibromas, particularly large lesions, reportedly undergo malignant transformation. Surgical extirpation with clear margins is the primary treatment, and laparoscopic surgery is considered acceptable for colonic neurofibroma and colon cancer.

Conclusion

Based on our experience, a preoperative diagnosis was impossible for colonic neurofibroma. Laparoscopic surgery with CME is considered feasible for sporadic colonic neurofibroma.

Superficial malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor from recurrent neurofibroma in the abdominal wall of a patient without neurofibromatosis type 1

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is rare, accounting for 5–10% of all soft tissue sarcomas. MPNST is characteristically aggressive and has a poor prognosis. Fifty percent of patients with MPNST have neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). NF-associated MPNST occurs more often at younger ages than sporadic MPNST, but the survival difference is controversial. Superficial MPNST from a recurrent neurofibroma is extremely rare and only a limited number of cases have been reported in the literature. Herein, we report an unusual case of superficial MPNST from a recurrent neurofibroma in a patient without NF1.