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Karpisheh E, Sadjjadi SM, Nekooeian AA, Sharifi Y. Evaluation of structural changes of Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces following exposure to different protoscolicidal solutions evaluated by differential interference contrast microscopy. J Parasit Dis 2023; 47:850-858. [PMID: 38009156 PMCID: PMC10667190 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-023-01632-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was aimed to assess the structural changes in protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto following exposure to different natural and chemical protoscolicidal agents using differential interference contrast (DIC)/Nomarski microscopy. Protoscoleces of sheep's liver cysts were collected aseptically. Individually, about 1000 protoscoleces were exposed to 0.5% silver nitrate, 20% hypertonic saline solution, 0.5% cetrimide solution and two different concentrations of garlic chloroformic extraction as well as phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). The protoscoleces viability was assessed using 0.1% eosin solution, and structural modifications in the protoscoleces were examined by DIC/Nomarski microscopy. The results revealed the degeneration of the tegument, disorganization of the hooks, and reduction of the size of the protoscoleces exposed to cetrimide, hypertonic sodium chloride, and silver nitrate. Furthermore, calcareous corpuscles became blurred and opaque and their numbers decreased in all the exposed samples except, those in PBS. The exposed protoscoleces to cetrimide and hypertonic sodium chloride solution showed extensive degeneration of the tegument and disorganization of the hooks. In the group exposed to 200 mg/ml chloroformic garlic extract, the protoscoleces' width decreased. The length, width, and number of calcareous corpuscles also decreased significantly in the silver nitrate-exposed protoscoleces. The study concludes that protoscoleces exposed to different solutions; cetrimide 0.5% and hypertonic sodium chloride 20% caused more pronounced structural changes in the exposed protoscoleces. These changes were well demonstrated by DIC microscopy and can be used as a supplementary tool to evaluate the effects of protoscolicidal agents. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12639-023-01632-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Karpisheh
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1735, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Sadjjadi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1735, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Nekooeian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Yosef Sharifi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1735, Shiraz, Iran
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Dousti M, Sadjjadi SM, Solgi R, Vafafar A, Sharifi Y, Radfar A, Hatam GR. Comparison of Isoenzyme Pattern of Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto (G1-G3) and E. canadensis (G6/G7) Protoscoleces. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2023; 27:136-45. [PMID: 37073115 PMCID: PMC10314765 DOI: 10.52547/ibj.3815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Background Different genotypes of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) infect humans and ungulate animals, causing cystic echinococcosis. Simultaneous isoenzyme, as well as molecular characterizations of this parasite, has not yet been investigated in Iran. The present study aimed to evaluate the isoenzyme pattern of the E. granulosus sensu stricto (s.s.) and E. canadensis genotypes in Iran. Methods A total of 32 (8 humans and 24 animals) cystic echinococcosis cysts were isolated from Shiraz, Tehran, Ilam, and Birjand from May 2018 to December 2020. The DNAs were extracted and their genotypes were determined by molecular methods. Enzymes were extracted from the cysts and subjected to polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The activities of glucose-6-phosphate sehydrogenase (G6PD), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), malic enzyme (ME), nucleoside hydrolyse 1 (NH1), and isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICD) were examined in the cyst samples using isoenzyme method and compared it with the genotyping findings. Results DNA sequence analysis of the samples showed that the specimens contained 75% E. granulosus s.s. (G1) and 25% E. canadensis (G6) genotypes. The isoenzyme pattern of ICD in both genotypes produced a six-band pattern with different relative factors. The G6PD also produced two bands with different relative migrations in both genotypes. The MDH and NH1 systems revealed a two-band pattern, while only one band was generated in the ME enzyme in the E. granulosus s.s. genotype. In the E. canadensis, the MDH and NH1 enzymes showed one band, and the ME enzyme represented a two-band pattern. Conclusion Our findings suggest that E. granulosus s.s. and E. canadensis genotypes have entirely different isoenzyme patterns for NH1, G6PD, MDH, and ME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Dousti
- Students Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Sadjjadi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Rahmat Solgi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Arghavan Vafafar
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Yosef Sharifi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Radfar
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Gholam Reza Hatam
- Basic Sciences in Infectious Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Dousti M, Sadjjadi SM, Solgi R, Vafafar A, Sharifi Y, Radfar A, Hatam GR. Comparison of Isoenzyme Pattern of Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto (G1-G3) and E. canadensis (G6/G7) Protoscoleces. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2023; 27:136-45. [PMID: 37073115 PMCID: PMC10314765 DOI: 10.61186/ibj.3815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Different genotypes of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) infect humans and ungulate animals, causing cystic echinococcosis. Simultaneous isoenzyme, as well as molecular characterizations of this parasite, has not yet been investigated in Iran. The present study aimed to evaluate the isoenzyme pattern of the E. granulosus sensu stricto (s.s.) and E. canadensis genotypes in Iran. Methods A total of 32 (8 humans and 24 animals) cystic echinococcosis cysts were isolated from Shiraz, Tehran, Ilam, and Birjand from May 2018 to December 2020. The DNAs were extracted and their genotypes were determined by molecular methods. Enzymes were extracted from the cysts and subjected to polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The activities of glucose-6-phosphate sehydrogenase (G6PD), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), malic enzyme (ME), nucleoside hydrolyse 1 (NH1), and isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICD) were examined in the cyst samples using isoenzyme method and compared it with the genotyping findings. Results DNA sequence analysis of the samples showed that the specimens contained 75% E. granulosus s.s. (G1) and 25% E. canadensis (G6) genotypes. The isoenzyme pattern of ICD in both genotypes produced a six-band pattern with different relative factors. The G6PD also produced two bands with different relative migrations in both genotypes. The MDH and NH1 systems revealed a two-band pattern, while only one band was generated in the ME enzyme in the E. granulosus s.s. genotype. In the E. canadensis, the MDH and NH1 enzymes showed one band, and the ME enzyme represented a two-band pattern. Conclusion Our findings suggest that E. granulosus s.s. and E. canadensis genotypes have entirely different isoenzyme patterns for NH1, G6PD, MDH, and ME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Dousti
- Students Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Sadjjadi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Rahmat Solgi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Arghavan Vafafar
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Yosef Sharifi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Radfar
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Gholam Reza Hatam
- Basic Sciences in Infectious Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Sadjjadi FS, Hajjaran H, Sedaghat B, Mardani P, Sadjjadi SM. Proteomics investigation of human sera for determination of postoperative indicators of pulmonary cystic echinococcosis. J Cardiothorac Surg 2023; 18:18. [PMID: 36631795 PMCID: PMC9832791 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-023-02109-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystic echinococcosis (CE)/hydatidosis is an important zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus. The disease is a major health problem all over the world. Finding specific and sensitive biomarkers for follow-up of CE in patients after surgery is essential. Using proteomics methods, the present study aimed to evaluate post-surgical treatment by finding probable biomarker/s in the serum of human lungs CE. METHODS A total of 24 human sera were tested. These sera included eight confirmed lung/s CE patients sera before surgery (BS), eight sera 12 months post-surgery (12MPS) as well as eight control sera from healthy people. Proteomics methods including 2DE and LC-MS/MS were performed on the specimens followed by bioinformatics analysis. Differentially expressed proteins (DEP) were detected and, separately integrated with protein-protein interaction (PPI) data to construct the PPI network. RESULTS A total of 171 protein spots were detected in three groups including BS, 12MPS, and control groups; of which a total of 106 DEP have been expressed based on fold changes > = 2 and p-value < 0.05. More analysis was performed and a total of 10 protein spots were selected for identification by mass spectrometry showing the following proteins: APOA1, BGN, SPP2, EAF1, ACOXL, MRPL55, MCTP2, SEPTIN1, B4GALNT1, and ZNF843. Based on centrality parameters of the PPI network (degree and betweenness) five Hub-bottlenecks proteins with significant centrality values were found including APOA1, BGN, SPP2, EAF1, and ACOXL. CONCLUSION This study showed five proteins as hub-bottleneck proteins; of which APOA1 was more prominent. It can be concluded that a change in expression of this protein in patients' sera could be used as an indicator tool for the achievement of lungs CE surgical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Sadat Sadjjadi
- grid.411600.2Proteomics Research Center, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homa Hajjaran
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahareh Sedaghat
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Parviz Mardani
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Sadjjadi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Sadjjadi SF, Mohammadzadeh T, Hafezi F, Sadjjadi SM. Evaluation of the Ability of Antigen B Originated from Echinococcus granulosus Sensu Stricto and E. canadensis for the Diagnosis of Confirmed Human Cystic Echinococcosis Using ELISA. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2022; 17:358-365. [PMID: 36466027 PMCID: PMC9682382 DOI: 10.18502/ijpa.v17i3.10626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is an important zoonotic parasitic disease worldwide. Application of species-specific antigen for serodiagnosis of human CE has not been utilized, so far. In this regard, AgB originated from Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto (G1-G3) and E. canadensis (G6/G7) CE cysts, confirmed by molecular biology and sequencing was used for evaluation of their ability in the diagnosis of confirmed human CE. METHODS The hydatid cyst fluid (HCF) of E. granulosus sensu stricto and E. canadensis species were separately, used for preparation of AgB during 2017-2018 in Shiraz and Tehran, Iran. A total of 45 sera samples from confirmed CE patients, 102 sera from healthy people as negative control and 44 sera from other parasitic diseases, were used for measurement of the diagnostic ability of antigen B originated from E. granulosus sensu stricto and E. canadensis species of CE, alone or in 50%:50% mixture using ELISA method. RESULTS Overall, 38 (84.4%) out of 45 confirmed human CE were positive by ELISA using AgB originated from E. granulosus sensu stricto. This items for AgB originated from E. canadensis was 39 (86.6) out of 45 serum samples. A total of 39 out of 45 samples (86.6%) showed positivity by a mixture of antigen B originating from both species. The specificity of the above tests was calculated as 93.15%, 96.58%, and 93.84%, respectively. CONCLUSION Due to the diversity of the cyst species in human population, application of AgB from prevalent species alone or in combination with other species is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Faezeh Sadjjadi
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Tahereh Mohammadzadeh
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hafezi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Sadjjadi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Mazorra-Carrillo JL, De León-Rodríguez A, Huerta-Ocampo JA, Velarde-Salcedo AJ, González de Mejía E, Barba de la Rosa AP. Proteomic analysis of chemically transformed NIH-3T3 cells reveals novel mechanisms of action of amaranth lunasin-like peptide. Food Res Int 2022; 157:111374. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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