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Sun Y, Zhang L, Ye H, Leng L, Chen Y, Su Y, Ren P, Lu H, Peng G. Potential ocular indicators to distinguish posterior cortical atrophy and typical Alzheimer's disease: a cross-section study using optical coherence tomography angiography. Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:64. [PMID: 38528626 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01431-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) is a form of dementia that frequently displays significant visual dysfunction and relatively preserved cognitive and executive functions, thus hindering early diagnosis and treatment. This study aimed to investigate possible fundus markers in PCA patients and compare them with those of typical Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients to seek potential diagnostic patterns. METHODS Age-matched PCA and AD patients and healthy controls (HC) completed optometry, intraocular pressure measurement, neuropsychologic assessments, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) examination in one visit. Overall, six outcomes of thicknesses of various retinal layers and seven outcomes of the retinal microvascular network were calculated. After adjusting for age, sex, and years of education, the OCT and OCTA results were analyzed using analysis of covariance and generalized linear models. Correlation analyses were performed using Spearman correlation, and ROC curves were plotted. RESULTS Twelve PCA patients, nineteen AD patients, and thirty HC, aged 45-80 years were included. Fifty HC, thirty AD, and twenty PCA eyes were available for foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area analysis; forty-nine HC, thirty-four AD, and eighteen PCA eyes were available for OCT and OCTA assessments. PCA patients had thinner retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell layer + inner plexiform layer than HC in the 0-3 mm circle and 1-3 mm ring. Few structural differences were observed between the AD group and the other two groups. The flow area of the superficial capillary plexus and the intermediate capillary plexus was smaller in the PCA group than in the HC group in the 0-1 mm circle, 0-3 mm circle. MMSE performed better than any combination of optical parameters in identifying AD and PCA from HC (AUC = 1), while the combination of MoCA, retinal thickness and vascular density of ICP in the 1-3 mm ring, with flow area of ICP in the 0-1 mm circle showed the strongest ability to distinguish PCA from AD (AUC = 0.944). CONCLUSIONS PCA patients exhibited similar impairment patterns to AD patients in the fundus structure and microvascular network. OCTA may aid in the non-invasive detection of AD and PCA, but still remains to be substantiated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Sun
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lumi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lumin Leng
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujie Su
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Peifang Ren
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guoping Peng
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Stout JA, Mahzarnia A, Dai R, Anderson RJ, Cousins S, Zhuang J, Lad EM, Whitaker DB, Madden DJ, Potter GG, Whitson HE, Badea A. Accelerated Brain Atrophy, Microstructural Decline and Connectopathy in Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Biomedicines 2024; 12:147. [PMID: 38255252 PMCID: PMC10813528 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) has recently been linked to cognitive impairment. We hypothesized that AMD modifies the brain aging trajectory, and we conducted a longitudinal diffusion MRI study on 40 participants (20 with AMD and 20 controls) to reveal the location, extent, and dynamics of AMD-related brain changes. Voxel-based analyses at the first visit identified reduced volume in AMD participants in the cuneate gyrus, associated with vision, and the temporal and bilateral cingulate gyrus, linked to higher cognition and memory. The second visit occurred 2 years after the first and revealed that AMD participants had reduced cingulate and superior frontal gyrus volumes, as well as lower fractional anisotropy (FA) for the bilateral occipital lobe, including the visual and the superior frontal cortex. We detected faster rates of volume and FA reduction in AMD participants in the left temporal cortex. We identified inter-lingual and lingual-cerebellar connections as important differentiators in AMD participants. Bundle analyses revealed that the lingual gyrus had a lower streamline length in the AMD participants at the first visit, indicating a connection between retinal and brain health. FA differences in select inter-lingual and lingual cerebellar bundles at the second visit showed downstream effects of vision loss. Our analyses revealed widespread changes in AMD participants, beyond brain networks directly involved in vision processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques A. Stout
- Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (J.A.S.); (J.Z.); (D.J.M.)
| | - Ali Mahzarnia
- Radiology Department, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (A.M.); (R.D.); (R.J.A.)
| | - Rui Dai
- Radiology Department, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (A.M.); (R.D.); (R.J.A.)
| | - Robert J. Anderson
- Radiology Department, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (A.M.); (R.D.); (R.J.A.)
| | - Scott Cousins
- Ophthalmology Department, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (S.C.); (E.M.L.); (D.B.W.); (H.E.W.)
| | - Jie Zhuang
- Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (J.A.S.); (J.Z.); (D.J.M.)
| | - Eleonora M. Lad
- Ophthalmology Department, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (S.C.); (E.M.L.); (D.B.W.); (H.E.W.)
| | - Diane B. Whitaker
- Ophthalmology Department, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (S.C.); (E.M.L.); (D.B.W.); (H.E.W.)
| | - David J. Madden
- Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (J.A.S.); (J.Z.); (D.J.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
| | - Guy G. Potter
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
| | - Heather E. Whitson
- Ophthalmology Department, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (S.C.); (E.M.L.); (D.B.W.); (H.E.W.)
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical School, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Alexandra Badea
- Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (J.A.S.); (J.Z.); (D.J.M.)
- Radiology Department, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (A.M.); (R.D.); (R.J.A.)
- Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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3
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Pedersen FN, Stokholm L, Lois N, Yang D, Cheung CY, Biessels GJ, Exalto L, Simó R, Peto T, Pouwer F, Grauslund J. Structural and Metabolic Retinal Changes Associated With Mild Cognitive Impairment in Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes 2023; 72:1853-1863. [PMID: 37725903 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is associated with cognitive impairment and a twofold increased risk of dementia compared with age-matched individuals without diabetes. Given that the eye and the brain share similar embryologic origin and anatomical features, the retina offers a unique window to the brain. In this study, we wanted to determine whether there was a difference in retinal imaging-based neuronal and vascular markers in individuals with type 2 diabetes with or without mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We included 134 persons with type 2 diabetes. Based on neuropsychological tests, the prevalence of MCI was 28%. We performed seven-field color fundus photos, optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT-angiography (OCT-A), and retinal oximetry to analyze retinal markers. In a multivariable cluster analysis, persons with MCI had a significantly thinner macular retinal nerve fiber layer and macular ganglion cell layer, and less venular oxygen saturation in the nasal quadrant compared with those without MCI. There were no differences in retinal vessel density, fractal dimension, width, tortuosity, or OCT-A markers. People with type 2 diabetes and MCI demonstrate alterations in retinal structure and metabolism, suggesting noninvasive retinal markers may be useful to detect people with type 2 diabetes at risk for cognitive dysfunction. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS Type 2 diabetes is associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Therefore, retinal and cerebral neurodegeneration may run in parallel. To assess whether there was a difference in retinal structure, vessel, and metabolic parameters in individuals with MCI. We found those with MCI had a thinner macular retinal nerve fiber layer, macular ganglion cell layer, and less venular oxygen saturation. We suggest noninvasive retinal markers may be useful to detect those at risk of cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik N Pedersen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lonny Stokholm
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Open Patient Data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Noemi Lois
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Research, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University, Belfast, Northern Ireland, U.K
| | - Dawei Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Carol Y Cheung
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Geert Jan Biessels
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Lieza Exalto
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Rafael Simó
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute and CIBERDEM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tunde Peto
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Research, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University, Belfast, Northern Ireland, U.K
| | - Frans Pouwer
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jakob Grauslund
- Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Arthur E, Ravichandran S, Snyder PJ, Alber J, Strenger J, Bittner AK, Khankan R, Adams SL, Putnam NM, Lypka KR, Piantino JA, Sinoff S. Retinal mid-peripheral capillary free zones are enlarged in cognitively unimpaired older adults at high risk for Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:172. [PMID: 37828548 PMCID: PMC10568786 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-023-01312-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compared to standard neuro-diagnostic techniques, retinal biomarkers provide a probable low-cost and non-invasive alternative for early Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk screening. We have previously quantified the periarteriole and perivenule capillary free zones (mid-peripheral CFZs) in cognitively unimpaired (CU) young and older adults as novel metrics of retinal tissue oxygenation. There is a breakdown of the inner retinal blood barrier, pericyte loss, and capillary non-perfusion or dropout in AD leading to potential enlargement of the mid-peripheral CFZs. We hypothesized the mid-peripheral CFZs will be enlarged in CU older adults at high risk for AD compared to low-risk individuals. METHODS 20 × 20° optical coherence tomography angiography images consisting of 512 b-scans, 512 A-scans per b-scan, 12-µm spacing between b-scans, and 5 frames averaged per each b-scan location of the central fovea and of paired major arterioles and venules with their surrounding capillaries inferior to the fovea of 57 eyes of 37 CU low-risk (mean age: 66 years) and 50 eyes of 38 CU high-risk older adults (mean age: 64 years; p = 0.24) were involved in this study. High-risk participants were defined as having at least one APOE e4 allele and a positive first-degree family history of AD while low-risk participants had neither of the two criteria. All participants had Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores ≥ 26. The mid-peripheral CFZs were computed in MATLAB and compared between the two groups. RESULTS The periarteriole CFZ of the high-risk group (75.8 ± 9.19 µm) was significantly larger than that of the low-risk group (71.3 ± 7.07 µm), p = 0.005, Cohen's d = 0.55. The perivenule CFZ of the high-risk group (60.4 ± 8.55 µm) was also significantly larger than that of the low-risk group (57.3 ± 6.40 µm), p = 0.034, Cohen's d = 0.42. There were no significant differences in foveal avascular zone (FAZ) size, FAZ effective diameter, and vessel density between the two groups, all p > 0.05. CONCLUSIONS Our results show larger mid-peripheral CFZs in CU older adults at high risk for AD, with the potential for the periarteriole CFZ to serve as a novel retinal vascular biomarker for early AD risk detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmund Arthur
- School of Optometry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Swetha Ravichandran
- School of Optometry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Peter J Snyder
- Department of Neurology, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Jessica Alber
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
- George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
- Butler Hospital Memory & Aging Program, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jennifer Strenger
- Butler Hospital Memory & Aging Program, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ava K Bittner
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rima Khankan
- Southern California College of Optometry, Marshall B. Ketchum University, Fullerton, CA, USA
| | | | - Nicole M Putnam
- State University of New York College of Optometry, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karin R Lypka
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Juan A Piantino
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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Chen S, Zhang D, Zheng H, Cao T, Xia K, Su M, Meng Q. The association between retina thinning and hippocampal atrophy in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1232941. [PMID: 37680540 PMCID: PMC10481874 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1232941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The retina is the "window" of the central nervous system. Previous studies discovered that retinal thickness degenerates through the pathological process of the Alzheimer's disease (AD) continuum. Hippocampal atrophy is one of the typical clinical features and diagnostic criteria of AD. Former studies have described retinal thinning in normal aging subjects and AD patients, yet the association between retinal thickness and hippocampal atrophy in AD is unclear. The optical coherence tomography (OCT) technique has access the non-invasive to retinal images and magnetic resonance imaging can outline the volume of the hippocampus. Thus, we aim to quantify the correlation between these two parameters to identify whether the retina can be a new biomarker for early AD detection. Methods We systematically searched the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases from inception to May 2023 for studies investigating the correlation between retinal thickness and hippocampal volume. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS) was used to assess the study quality. Pooled correlation coefficient r values were combined after Fisher's Z transformation. Moderator effects were detected through subgroup analysis and the meta-regression method. Results Of the 1,596 citations initially identified, we excluded 1,062 studies after screening the titles and abstract (animal models, n = 99; irrelevant literature, n = 963). Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria, among which three studies were excluded due to unextractable data. Nine studies were eligible for this meta-analysis. A positive moderate correlation between the retinal thickness was discovered in all participants of with AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and normal controls (NC) (r = 0.3469, 95% CI: 0.2490-0.4377, I2 = 5.0%), which was significantly higher than that of the AD group (r = 0.1209, 95% CI:0.0905-0.1510, I2 = 0.0%) (p < 0.05). Among different layers, the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) indicated a moderate positive correlation with hippocampal volume (r = 0.1209, 95% CI:0.0905-0.1510, I2 = 0.0%). The retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) was also positively correlated [r = 0.1421, 95% CI:(-0.0447-0.3192), I2 = 84.1%]. The retinal layers and participants were the main overall heterogeneity sources. Correlation in the bilateral hemisphere did not show a significant difference. Conclusion The correlation between RNFL thickness and hippocampal volume is more predominant in both NC and AD groups than other layers. Whole retinal thickness is positively correlated to hippocampal volume not only in AD continuum, especially in MCI, but also in NC. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, CRD42022328088.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuntai Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Honggang Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyu Cao
- Department of Neurology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Xia
- Department of Respiratory, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mingwan Su
- Department of Respiratory, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qinggang Meng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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López-Cuenca I, Sánchez-Puebla L, Salobrar-García E, Álvarez-Gutierrez M, Elvira-Hurtado L, Barabash A, Ramírez-Toraño F, Fernández-Albarral JA, Matamoros JA, Nebreda A, García-Colomo A, Ramírez AI, Salazar JJ, Gil P, Maestú F, Ramírez JM, de Hoz R. Exploratory Longitudinal Study of Ocular Structural and Visual Functional Changes in Subjects at High Genetic Risk of Developing Alzheimer's Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2024. [PMID: 37509663 PMCID: PMC10377092 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11072024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the evolution of visual changes in cognitively healthy individuals at risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Participants with a first-degree family history of AD (FH+) and carrying the Ε4+ allele for the ApoE gene (ApoE ε4+) underwent retinal thickness analysis using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and visual function assessments, including visual acuity (VA), contrast sensitivity (CS), color perception, perception digital tests, and visual field analysis. Structural analysis divided participants into FH+ ApoE ε4+ and FH- ApoE ε4- groups, while functional analysis further categorized them by age (40-60 years and over 60 years). Over the 27-month follow-up, the FH+ ApoE ε4+ group exhibited thickness changes in all inner retinal layers. Comparing this group to the FH- ApoE ε4- group at 27 months revealed progressing changes in the inner nuclear layer. In the FH+ ApoE ε4+ 40-60 years group, no progression of visual function changes was observed, but an increase in VA and CS was maintained at 3 and 12 cycles per degree, respectively, compared to the group without AD risk at 27 months. In conclusion, cognitively healthy individuals at risk for AD demonstrated progressive retinal structural changes over the 27-month follow-up, while functional changes remained stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés López-Cuenca
- Ramon Castroviejo Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (I.L.-C.); (L.S.-P.); (E.S.-G.); (M.Á.-G.); (L.E.-H.); (J.A.F.-A.); (J.A.M.); (A.I.R.); (J.J.S.)
- Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.B.); (P.G.); (F.M.)
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28037 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lidia Sánchez-Puebla
- Ramon Castroviejo Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (I.L.-C.); (L.S.-P.); (E.S.-G.); (M.Á.-G.); (L.E.-H.); (J.A.F.-A.); (J.A.M.); (A.I.R.); (J.J.S.)
- Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.B.); (P.G.); (F.M.)
| | - Elena Salobrar-García
- Ramon Castroviejo Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (I.L.-C.); (L.S.-P.); (E.S.-G.); (M.Á.-G.); (L.E.-H.); (J.A.F.-A.); (J.A.M.); (A.I.R.); (J.J.S.)
- Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.B.); (P.G.); (F.M.)
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28037 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Álvarez-Gutierrez
- Ramon Castroviejo Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (I.L.-C.); (L.S.-P.); (E.S.-G.); (M.Á.-G.); (L.E.-H.); (J.A.F.-A.); (J.A.M.); (A.I.R.); (J.J.S.)
| | - Lorena Elvira-Hurtado
- Ramon Castroviejo Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (I.L.-C.); (L.S.-P.); (E.S.-G.); (M.Á.-G.); (L.E.-H.); (J.A.F.-A.); (J.A.M.); (A.I.R.); (J.J.S.)
| | - Ana Barabash
- Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.B.); (P.G.); (F.M.)
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research Network on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERMED), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine II, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Federico Ramírez-Toraño
- Center for Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neurscience, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain; (F.R.-T.); (A.N.); (A.G.-C.)
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Cognitive Psychology and Speech & Language Therapy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain
| | - José A. Fernández-Albarral
- Ramon Castroviejo Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (I.L.-C.); (L.S.-P.); (E.S.-G.); (M.Á.-G.); (L.E.-H.); (J.A.F.-A.); (J.A.M.); (A.I.R.); (J.J.S.)
- Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.B.); (P.G.); (F.M.)
| | - José A. Matamoros
- Ramon Castroviejo Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (I.L.-C.); (L.S.-P.); (E.S.-G.); (M.Á.-G.); (L.E.-H.); (J.A.F.-A.); (J.A.M.); (A.I.R.); (J.J.S.)
| | - Alberto Nebreda
- Center for Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neurscience, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain; (F.R.-T.); (A.N.); (A.G.-C.)
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Cognitive Psychology and Speech & Language Therapy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain
| | - Alejandra García-Colomo
- Center for Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neurscience, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain; (F.R.-T.); (A.N.); (A.G.-C.)
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Cognitive Psychology and Speech & Language Therapy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain
| | - Ana I. Ramírez
- Ramon Castroviejo Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (I.L.-C.); (L.S.-P.); (E.S.-G.); (M.Á.-G.); (L.E.-H.); (J.A.F.-A.); (J.A.M.); (A.I.R.); (J.J.S.)
- Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.B.); (P.G.); (F.M.)
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28037 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan J. Salazar
- Ramon Castroviejo Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (I.L.-C.); (L.S.-P.); (E.S.-G.); (M.Á.-G.); (L.E.-H.); (J.A.F.-A.); (J.A.M.); (A.I.R.); (J.J.S.)
- Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.B.); (P.G.); (F.M.)
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28037 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Gil
- Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.B.); (P.G.); (F.M.)
- Memory Unit, Geriatrics Service, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Maestú
- Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.B.); (P.G.); (F.M.)
- Center for Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neurscience, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain; (F.R.-T.); (A.N.); (A.G.-C.)
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Cognitive Psychology and Speech & Language Therapy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José M. Ramírez
- Ramon Castroviejo Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (I.L.-C.); (L.S.-P.); (E.S.-G.); (M.Á.-G.); (L.E.-H.); (J.A.F.-A.); (J.A.M.); (A.I.R.); (J.J.S.)
- Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.B.); (P.G.); (F.M.)
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa de Hoz
- Ramon Castroviejo Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (I.L.-C.); (L.S.-P.); (E.S.-G.); (M.Á.-G.); (L.E.-H.); (J.A.F.-A.); (J.A.M.); (A.I.R.); (J.J.S.)
- Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.B.); (P.G.); (F.M.)
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28037 Madrid, Spain
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7
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Gaber HA, Aly EM, Mohamed ES, Elfouly M, Talaat MS, El-Sayed ESM. Prognosis of Biomarker of Alzheimer’s Disease in the Function of the Retina and Secondary Molecular Structure Variation of the Retina and Brain. Int J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 2023:9775921. [PMID: 37035098 PMCID: PMC10076121 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9775921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most serious neurodegenerative diseases in the globe. As a result, there is an acute need to discover indications that allow for early disease detection. There is growing scientific data showing the similarities between the eye and other central nervous system components, suggesting that information obtained in ophthalmic research might be valuable in the study and diagnosis of AD. Fifty male albino Wistar rats were separated into five groups: the first group served as control, and the other four groups of animals were administrated aluminium chloride (AlCl3) in a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) for 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks, respectively. Insights into the function of the retina by electroretinogram (ERG) and the changes thought to have occurred in the molecular structure of the retina and brain using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) as a result of AD progression induced by AlCl3 in rats were done. Moreover, the measurement of acetylcholinesterase (AchE) was done. After 6 and 8 weeks of AlCl3 injection, there was a substantial reduction (
) in a- and b-wave amplitudes and a significant rise (
) in implicit time compared to controls. A significant elevation (
) of AchE content was observed after 4, 6, and 8 weeks. FTIR revealed a significant increase (
) of β-turn and β-sheet content associated with significant decrease (
) of α-helix content for all groups administrated with AlCl3. Our findings suggest that retinal biomarkers such as ERG of the retina may be used as a screening tool for detection of AD. Secondary structural changes in the proteins of the retina and the brain were similar in AD rats’ model and precede retinal dysfunction.
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8
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Barrett-Young A, Abraham WC, Cheung CY, Gale J, Hogan S, Ireland D, Keenan R, Knodt AR, Melzer TR, Moffitt TE, Ramrakha S, Tham YC, Wilson GA, Wong TY, Hariri AR, Poulton R. Associations Between Thinner Retinal Neuronal Layers and Suboptimal Brain Structural Integrity in a Middle-Aged Cohort. Eye Brain 2023; 15:25-35. [PMID: 36936476 PMCID: PMC10018220 DOI: 10.2147/eb.s402510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The retina has potential as a biomarker of brain health and Alzheimer's disease (AD) because it is the only part of the central nervous system which can be easily imaged and has advantages over brain imaging technologies. Few studies have compared retinal and brain measurements in a middle-aged sample. The objective of our study was to investigate whether retinal neuronal measurements were associated with structural brain measurements in a middle-aged population-based cohort. Participants and Methods Participants were members of the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study (n=1037; a longitudinal cohort followed from birth and at ages 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 18, 21, 26, 32, 38, and most recently at age 45, when 94% of the living Study members participated). Retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) thickness were measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Brain age gap estimate (brainAGE), cortical surface area, cortical thickness, subcortical grey matter volumes, white matter hyperintensities, were measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results Participants with both MRI and OCT data were included in the analysis (RNFL n=828, female n=413 [49.9%], male n=415 [50.1%]; GC-IPL n=825, female n=413 [50.1%], male n=412 [49.9%]). Thinner retinal neuronal layers were associated with older brain age, smaller cortical surface area, thinner average cortex, smaller subcortical grey matter volumes, and increased volume of white matter hyperintensities. Conclusion These findings provide evidence that the retinal neuronal layers reflect differences in midlife structural brain integrity consistent with increased risk for later AD, supporting the proposition that the retina may be an early biomarker of brain health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carol Y Cheung
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jesse Gale
- Department of Surgery & Anaesthesia, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Sean Hogan
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - David Ireland
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Ross Keenan
- Department of Radiology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Pacific Radiology Group, Christchurch, New Zealand
- New Zealand Brain Research Institute, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Annchen R Knodt
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Tracy R Melzer
- New Zealand Brain Research Institute, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
- School of Psychology, Speech and Hearing, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Terrie E Moffitt
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Sandhya Ramrakha
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Yih Chung Tham
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Graham A Wilson
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Tien Yin Wong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ahmad R Hariri
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Richie Poulton
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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9
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Javitt DC, Martinez A, Sehatpour P, Beloborodova A, Habeck C, Gazes Y, Bermudez D, Razlighi QR, Devanand DP, Stern Y. Disruption of early visual processing in amyloid-positive healthy individuals and mild cognitive impairment. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:42. [PMID: 36855162 PMCID: PMC9972790 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-023-01189-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyloid deposition is a primary predictor of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related neurodegenerative disorders. Retinal changes involving the structure and function of the ganglion cell layer are increasingly documented in both established and prodromal AD. Visual event-related potentials (vERP) are sensitive to dysfunction in the magno- and parvocellular visual systems, which originate within the retinal ganglion cell layer. The present study evaluates vERP as a function of amyloid deposition in aging, and in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). METHODS vERP to stimulus-onset, motion-onset, and alpha-frequency steady-state (ssVEP) stimuli were obtained from 16 amyloid-positive and 41 amyloid-negative healthy elders and 15 MCI individuals and analyzed using time-frequency approaches. Social cognition was assessed in a subset of individuals using The Awareness of Social Inference Test (TASIT). RESULTS Neurocognitively intact but amyloid-positive participants and MCI individuals showed significant deficits in stimulus-onset (theta) and motion-onset (delta) vERP generation relative to amyloid-negative participants (all p < .01). Across healthy elders, a composite index of these measures correlated highly (r = - .52, p < .001) with amyloid standardized uptake value ratios (SUVR) and TASIT performance. A composite index composed of vERP measures significant differentiated amyloid-positive and amyloid-negative groups with an overall classification accuracy of > 70%. DISCUSSION vERP may assist in the early detection of amyloid deposition among older individuals without observable neurocognitive impairments and in linking previously documented retinal deficits in both prodromal AD and MCI to behavioral impairments in social cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C Javitt
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, Unit 21, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Division of Schizophrenia Research, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, 10962, USA.
| | - Antigona Martinez
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, Unit 21, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Division of Schizophrenia Research, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, 10962, USA
| | - Pejman Sehatpour
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, Unit 21, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Division of Schizophrenia Research, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, 10962, USA
| | - Anna Beloborodova
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, Unit 21, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Christian Habeck
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Yunglin Gazes
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Dalton Bermudez
- Division of Schizophrenia Research, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, 10962, USA
| | - Qolamreza R Razlighi
- Quantitative Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Brain Health Image Institute, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - D P Devanand
- Area Brain Aging and Mental Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center/New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Yaakov Stern
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Area Brain Aging and Mental Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center/New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
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10
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Salazar JJ, Satriano A, Matamoros JA, Fernández-Albarral JA, Salobrar-García E, López-Cuenca I, de Hoz R, Sánchez-Puebla L, Ramírez JM, Alonso C, Satta V, Hernández-Fisac I, Sagredo O, Ramírez AI. Retinal Tissue Shows Glial Changes in a Dravet Syndrome Knock-in Mouse Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032727. [PMID: 36769051 PMCID: PMC9916888 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dravet syndrome (DS) is an epileptic encephalopathy caused by mutations in the Scn1a gene encoding the α1 subunit of the Nav1.1 sodium channel, which is associated with recurrent and generalized seizures, even leading to death. In experimental models of DS, histological alterations have been found in the brain; however, the retina is a projection of the brain and there are no studies that analyze the possible histological changes that may occur in the disease. This study analyzes the retinal histological changes in glial cells (microglia and astrocytes), retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and GABAergic amacrine cells in an experimental model of DS (Syn-Cre/Scn1aWT/A1783V) compared to a control group at postnatal day (PND) 25. Retinal whole-mounts were labeled with anti-GFAP, anti-Iba-1, anti-Brn3a and anti-GAD65/67. Signs of microglial and astroglial activation, and the number of Brn3a+ and GAD65+67+ cells were quantified. We found retinal activation of astroglial and microglial cells but not death of RGCs and GABAergic amacrine cells. These changes are similar to those found at the level of the hippocampus in the same experimental model in PND25, indicating a relationship between brain and retinal changes in DS. This suggests that the retina could serve as a possible biomarker in DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan J. Salazar
- Instituto de Investigaciones Oftalmológicas Ramón Castroviejo, Grupo UCM 920105, IdISSC, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Facultad de Óptica y Optometría, Departamento de Inmunología, Oftalmología y ORL, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28037 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Satriano
- Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - José A. Matamoros
- Instituto de Investigaciones Oftalmológicas Ramón Castroviejo, Grupo UCM 920105, IdISSC, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Facultad de Óptica y Optometría, Departamento de Inmunología, Oftalmología y ORL, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28037 Madrid, Spain
| | - José A. Fernández-Albarral
- Instituto de Investigaciones Oftalmológicas Ramón Castroviejo, Grupo UCM 920105, IdISSC, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Salobrar-García
- Instituto de Investigaciones Oftalmológicas Ramón Castroviejo, Grupo UCM 920105, IdISSC, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Facultad de Óptica y Optometría, Departamento de Inmunología, Oftalmología y ORL, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28037 Madrid, Spain
| | - Inés López-Cuenca
- Instituto de Investigaciones Oftalmológicas Ramón Castroviejo, Grupo UCM 920105, IdISSC, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Facultad de Óptica y Optometría, Departamento de Inmunología, Oftalmología y ORL, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28037 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa de Hoz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Oftalmológicas Ramón Castroviejo, Grupo UCM 920105, IdISSC, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Facultad de Óptica y Optometría, Departamento de Inmunología, Oftalmología y ORL, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28037 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lidia Sánchez-Puebla
- Instituto de Investigaciones Oftalmológicas Ramón Castroviejo, Grupo UCM 920105, IdISSC, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José M. Ramírez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Oftalmológicas Ramón Castroviejo, Grupo UCM 920105, IdISSC, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Inmunología, Oftalmología y ORL, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Alonso
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Valentina Satta
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Inés Hernández-Fisac
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Onintza Sagredo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (O.S.); (A.I.R.)
| | - Ana I. Ramírez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Oftalmológicas Ramón Castroviejo, Grupo UCM 920105, IdISSC, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Facultad de Óptica y Optometría, Departamento de Inmunología, Oftalmología y ORL, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28037 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (O.S.); (A.I.R.)
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11
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Hao X, Zhang W, Jiao B, Yang Q, Zhang X, Chen R, Wang X, Xiao X, Zhu Y, Liao W, Wang D, Shen L. Correlation between retinal structure and brain multimodal magnetic resonance imaging in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1088829. [PMID: 36909943 PMCID: PMC9992546 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1088829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The retina imaging and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can both reflect early changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and may serve as potential biomarker for early diagnosis, but their correlation and the internal mechanism of retinal structural changes remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the possible correlation between retinal structure and visual pathway, brain structure, intrinsic activity changes in AD patients, as well as to build a classification model to identify AD patients. Methods In the study, 49 AD patients and 48 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. Retinal images were obtained by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Multimodal MRI sequences of all subjects were collected. Spearman correlation analysis and multiple linear regression models were used to assess the correlation between OCT parameters and multimodal MRI findings. The diagnostic value of combination of retinal imaging and brain multimodal MRI was assessed by performing a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results Compared with HCs, retinal thickness and multimodal MRI findings of AD patients were significantly altered (p < 0.05). Significant correlations were presented between the fractional anisotropy (FA) value of optic tract and mean retinal thickness, macular volume, macular ganglion cell layer (GCL) thickness, inner plexiform layer (IPL) thickness in AD patients (p < 0.01). The fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (fALFF) value of primary visual cortex (V1) was correlated with temporal quadrant peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness (p < 0.05). The model combining thickness of GCL and temporal quadrant pRNFL, volume of hippocampus and lateral geniculate nucleus, and age showed the best performance to identify AD patients [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.936, sensitivity = 89.1%, specificity = 87.0%]. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that retinal structure change was related to the loss of integrity of white matter fiber tracts in the visual pathway and the decreased LGN volume and functional metabolism of V1 in AD patients. Trans-synaptic axonal retrograde lesions may be the underlying mechanism. Combining retinal imaging and multimodal MRI may provide new insight into the mechanism of retinal structural changes in AD and may serve as new target for early auxiliary diagnosis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Hao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bin Jiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Hunan Province in Cognitive Impairment Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Neurodegenerative and Neurogenetic Diseases, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qijie Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ruiting Chen
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuewen Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuan Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weihua Liao
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dongcui Wang
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lu Shen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Hunan Province in Cognitive Impairment Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Neurodegenerative and Neurogenetic Diseases, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
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