Nonparametric estimation of a primary care production function in urban Brazil

Medical Resource Management in Emergency Hierarchical Diagnosis and Treatment Systems: A Research Framework

The occurrence of major public health crises, like the COVID-19 epidemic, present significant challenges to healthcare systems and the management of emergency medical resources worldwide. This study, by examining the practices of emergency medical resource management in select countries during the COVID-19 epidemic, and reviewing the relevant literature, finds that emergency hierarchical diagnosis and treatment systems (EHDTSs) play a crucial role in managing emergency resources effectively. To address key issues of emergency resource management in EHDTSs, we examine the features of EHDTSs and develop a research framework for emergency resource management in EHDTSs, especially focusing on the management of emergency medical personnel and medical supplies during evolving epidemics. The research framework identifies key issues of emergency medical resource management in EHDTSs, including the sharing and scheduling of emergency medical supplies, the establishment and sharing of emergency medical supply warehouses, and the integrated dispatch of emergency medical personnel. The proposed framework not only offers insights for future research but also can facilitate better emergency medical resource management in EHDTSs during major public health emergencies.

Unraveling the interplay between globalization, financial development, economic growth, greenhouse gases, human capital, and renewable energy uptake in Indonesia: multiple econometric approaches

Addressing global environmental concerns requires the widespread adoption of renewable energy sources. More research is needed to examine the relationships between renewable energy (RE) and globalization, economic growth, and environmental quality in Indonesia. Therefore, we examined how renewable energy usage in Indonesia has changed due to the dynamic effects of globalization, financial development, and environmental quality. Time-series data were analyzed using an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model to test for cointegration and long-run/short-run dynamics between 1990 and 2020. In addition to ARDL bounds testing, we used the Johansen and Engle-Granger cointegration methods for confirmation. Globalization, financial progress, human capital, greenhouse gas emissions, and economic expansion have favorable long- and short-term effects on renewable energy sources. Globalization has enabled Indonesia to expand trade, FDI, and financial investment. It has also increased energy-efficient technology use due to environmental policies. The computed results are robust enough to substitute estimators, such as dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS), fully modified least squares (FMOLS), and canonical cointegrating regression (CCR). We recommend the implementation of policies that support financial and environmental development by utilizing renewable resources and increasing investments in renewable energy ventures.

Optimal interventions in networks during a pandemic

We develop a model of optimal lockdown policy for a social planner who balances population health with short-term wealth accumulation. The unique solution depends on tolerable infection incidence and social network structure. We then use unique data on nursing home networks in the US to calibrate the model and quantify state-level preference for prioritizing health over wealth. We also empirically validate simulation results derived from comparative statics analyses. Our findings suggest that policies that tolerate more virus spread (laissez-faire) increase state GDP growth and COVID-19 deaths in nursing homes. The detrimental effects of laissez-faire policies are more potent for nursing homes that are more peripheral in networks, nursing homes in poorer counties, and nursing homes that operate on a for-profit basis. We also find that US states with Republican governors have a higher tolerable incidence level, but these policies tend to converge with a high death count.

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00148-022-00916-y.