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Wang J, Deng L, Chen M, Che Y, Li L, Zhu L, Chen G, Feng T. Phytogenic feed additives as natural antibiotic alternatives in animal health and production: A review of the literature of the last decade. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2024; 17:244-264. [PMID: 38800730 PMCID: PMC11127233 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2024.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The use of antibiotics in animal production raises great public safety concerns; therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of substitutes for antibiotics. In recent decades, plant-derived feed additives have been widely investigated as antibiotic alternatives for use in animal health and production because they exert multiple biological functions and are less likely to induce resistance development. This review summarizes the research history and classification of phytogenic feed additives and their main functions, potential modes of action, influencing factors, and potential negative effects. Further, we highlight the challenges in developing sustainable, safe, and affordable plant-derived antibiotic alternatives for use in livestock production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
- Sino-US Joint Laboratory of Animal Science, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Lufang Deng
- Feed Branch of Beijing Sanyuan Breeding Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing 101105, China
| | - Meixia Chen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
- Sino-US Joint Laboratory of Animal Science, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Yuyan Che
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Lu Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China
| | - Longlong Zhu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Guoshun Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Tao Feng
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
- Sino-US Joint Laboratory of Animal Science, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
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Sampath V, Cho S, Jeong J, Mun S, Lee CH, Hermes RG, Taechavasonyoo A, Smeets N, Kirwan S, Han K, Kim IH. Dietary Bacillus spp. supplementation to both sow and progenies improved post-weaning growth rate, gut function, and reduce the pro-inflammatory cytokine production in weaners challenged with Escherichia coli K88. Anim Microbiome 2024; 6:3. [PMID: 38268054 PMCID: PMC10809626 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-024-00290-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of probiotics (PRO) in late gestation sow and their impact on progenies' performance during the post-weaning stage has received more attention from the researchers recently. This study aimed to analyze the effect of probiotic mixture (Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis) on both sow and offspring's performance. METHODS First experiment (Exp.1) was conducted from the 100th day of gestation through to post-weaning. A total of twenty sows and their litters were assigned to one of two dietary treatments, Control (CON) based diet and PRO- CON+ 0.05% probiotic mixture. Dietary treatments were arranged in a split-plot pattern with sow and weaner treatment (CON and PRO diet) as the main and sub plot. Exp.2. E. coli challenge study was carried out two weeks after weaning with 40 piglets. Dietary treatments remained same while all pigs were orally administered with a 1.5 ml suspension of 1010 CFU of K88 strain of E. coli per ml. RESULT PRO group sow showed significantly decreased backfat thickness difference and body weight difference after farrowing and at the end of weaning d21. The nutrient digestibility of PRO group sows was significantly higher at the end of weaning. Moreover, piglets born from PRO group sow showed higher weaning weight and tend to increase average daily gain at the end of d21. The addition of mixed probiotic in sow and weaner diet had suppressed the production of TNF-α and interleukin-6 in E. coli challenged pigs. The phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in E. coli -challenged pigs were highly abundant while, the relative abundance of clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 at genus level was significantly reduced by the inclusion of probiotic in both the sow and weaner diet. Also, taxonomic distribution analysis showed significantly lower prevalence of Clostridium and Brachyspira and higher prevalence of Lactobacilli in E. coli-challenged pigs that were born from PRO group sow and fed CON and PRO weaner diet. CONCLUSION This study reveals that the inclusion of 0.05% mixed probiotics (Bacillus spp.) to both sow and their progenies diet would be more beneficial to enhance the post-weaning growth rate, gut health, and immune status of E. coli challenged pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vetriselvi Sampath
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, No. 29 Anseodong, Cheonan, Chungnam, 330-714, South Korea
| | - Sungbo Cho
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, No. 29 Anseodong, Cheonan, Chungnam, 330-714, South Korea
| | - Jinuk Jeong
- Department of Bioconvergence Engineering, Dankook University, Jukjeon, 16890, Republic of Korea
| | - Seyoung Mun
- Department of Microbiology, College of Science and Technology, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Center for Bio-Medical Engineering Core Facility, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Choon Han Lee
- Kemin Industries Inc Headquarters, 1900 Scott Ave Des Moines, Des Moines, IA, 50317, USA
| | - Rafael Gustavo Hermes
- Kemin Industries Inc Headquarters, 1900 Scott Ave Des Moines, Des Moines, IA, 50317, USA
| | | | - Natasja Smeets
- Kemin Industries Inc Headquarters, 1900 Scott Ave Des Moines, Des Moines, IA, 50317, USA
| | - Susanne Kirwan
- Kemin Industries Inc Headquarters, 1900 Scott Ave Des Moines, Des Moines, IA, 50317, USA
| | - Kyudong Han
- Department of Microbiology, College of Science and Technology, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
- Center for Bio-Medical Engineering Core Facility, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
| | - In Ho Kim
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, No. 29 Anseodong, Cheonan, Chungnam, 330-714, South Korea.
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dos Santos GA, de Oliveira MDC, de Oliveira AMA, Batista VHT, Costa PO, Heck A, Silva CM, Rangel AHDN, de Macedo MF, Moreira RHR. Phytogenic Bioactive Compounds in the Diet of Lactating Sows, Litter Performance, and Milk Characteristics. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2764. [PMID: 37685028 PMCID: PMC10487034 DOI: 10.3390/ani13172764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective was to evaluate the effect of phytogenic supplementation in the feed of lactating sows on the performance parameters of sows and suckling piglets. Ninety-three lactating sows of commercial lines (sows TN70) were distributed in a completely randomized design. The treatments adopted were a control diet without phytogenics (control) and a control diet with phytogenic supplementation in the feed. Performance parameters and the behaviors of sows and piglets were evaluated, in addition to milk composition and the biochemical parameters of the animals. The use of phytogenics did not affect the feed intake or tissue mobilization of the sows. However, it improved the production and quality of milk and reduced the possibility of light piglets at weaning by 22.16 percentage points. Regarding biochemical parameters, phytogenics improved animal recovery in the lactation period, as proven by an increase in the serum concentration of total protein and urea. Sows that received phytogenics exhibited increased behaviors of inactivity (3.16%), breastfeeding (1.15%), and water consumption (0.95%). In conclusion, using phytogenics in the feed of lactating sows improves the performance of the litters without affecting the body condition of the sows, with increased milk production and enhanced protein and lactose concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gleyson Araújo dos Santos
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró 59625-900, RN, Brazil (P.O.C.)
| | - Maria do Carmo de Oliveira
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró 59625-900, RN, Brazil (P.O.C.)
| | | | | | - Priscila Oliveira Costa
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró 59625-900, RN, Brazil (P.O.C.)
| | - Augusto Heck
- Department of Veterinary College, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90040-060, RS, Brazil;
| | - Camilla Mendonça Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró 59625-900, RN, Brazil (P.O.C.)
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Tu W, Zhang W, Wang H, Zhang Y, Huang J, Li B, Li X, Tan Y, Wu X. Effects of Chinese herbal feed additives on the sperm quality and reproductive capacity in breeding boars. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1231833. [PMID: 37565082 PMCID: PMC10410075 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1231833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, Chinese herbal feed additives (CHFA) are commonly utilized in domestic pig farms. However, their impact on the sperm quality and reproductive capacity of imported breeding boars has yet to be thoroughly explored. In this study, the effect of CHFA on the sperm quality and reproductive capacity of the imported Duroc boars was investigated. Sixteen boars were randomly divided into control group and experimental (CHFA treated) group and fed normal or CHFA-levels containing diets, respectively. The sperm quality and reproductive hormone levels were periodically tested, and the reproductive capacity with breeding sows were evaluated. The results showed that the CHFA treated group boars significantly improved sperm volume, sperm concentration, and motility and reduced the sperm abnormalities. Furthermore, the serum levels of reproductive hormone such as follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone (T) in the CHFA treated group were significantly higher than those in the control group. Although there was no significant difference in the initial birth weight of piglets between the two groups, the CHFA treated group had a significantly higher average number of piglets born, the average number of piglets born alive, the number of piglets weaned at 28 days, and the weaning weight compared to the control group. These findings suggest that CHFA can significantly improve the sperm quality of breeding boars and enhance their reproductive hormone levels as well as the reproductive capacity, providing direct evidence for the further application of CHFA in the management of breeding boars in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilong Tu
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Pig) Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Breeding Pig, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiyi Zhang
- Shanghai Center of Agri-Products Quality and Safety, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyang Wang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Pig) Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Pig) Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Huang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Pig) Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
| | - Bushe Li
- Institute of Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Breeding Pig, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Li
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Pig) Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongsong Tan
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Pig) Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Breeding Pig, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Wu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Bajagai YS, Petranyi F, Horyanto D, Batacan R, Lobo E, Ren X, Whitton MM, Yu SJ, Kayal A, Stanley D. Ileum transcriptional response to prolonged supplementation with phytogenic product containing menthol, carvacrol and carvone. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09131. [PMID: 35345405 PMCID: PMC8956889 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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Bajagai YS, Trotter M, Williams TM, Costa DFA, Whitton MM, Ren X, Wilson CS, Stanley D. The role of microbiota in animal health and productivity: misinterpretations and limitations. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1071/an21515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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