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Dong J, Ren B, Tian Y, Peng G, Zhai H, Meng Z, Gu R, Gan H, Wu Z, Sun Y, Dou G, Liu S. Effects of Radiation-Induced Skin Injury on Hyaluronan Degradation and Its Underlying Mechanisms. Molecules 2023; 28:7449. [PMID: 37959868 PMCID: PMC10647323 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28217449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced skin injury (RISI) is a frequent and severe complication with a complex pathogenesis that often occurs during radiation therapy, nuclear incidents, and nuclear war, for which there is no effective treatment. Hyaluronan (HA) plays an overwhelming role in the skin, and it has been shown that UVB irradiation induces increased HA expression. Nevertheless, to the best of our knowledge, there has been no study regarding the biological correlation between RISI and HA degradation and its underlying mechanisms. Therefore, in our study, we investigated low-molecular-weight HA content using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and changes in the expression of HA-related metabolic enzymes using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and a Western blotting assay. The oxidative stress level of the RISI model was assessed using sodium dismutase, malondialdehyde, and reactive oxygen species assays. We demonstrated that low-molecular-weight HA content was significantly upregulated in skin tissues during the late phase of irradiation exposure in the RISI model and that HA-related metabolic enzymes, oxidative stress levels, the MEK5/ERK5 pathway, and inflammatory factors were consistent with changes in low-molecular-weight HA content. These findings prove that HA degradation is biologically relevant to RISI development and that the HA degradation mechanisms are related to HA-related metabolic enzymes, oxidative stress, and inflammatory factors. The MEK5/ERK5 pathway represents a potential mechanism of HA degradation. In conclusion, we aimed to investigate changes in HA content and preliminarily investigate the HA degradation mechanism in a RISI model under γ-ray irradiation, to consider HA as a new target for RISI and provide ideas for novel drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Dong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (J.D.); (B.R.); (Z.M.); (R.G.); (H.G.); (Z.W.); (Y.S.)
| | - Boyuan Ren
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (J.D.); (B.R.); (Z.M.); (R.G.); (H.G.); (Z.W.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yunfei Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (Y.T.); (H.Z.)
| | - Guanqun Peng
- College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China;
| | - Huiting Zhai
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (Y.T.); (H.Z.)
| | - Zhiyun Meng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (J.D.); (B.R.); (Z.M.); (R.G.); (H.G.); (Z.W.); (Y.S.)
| | - Ruolan Gu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (J.D.); (B.R.); (Z.M.); (R.G.); (H.G.); (Z.W.); (Y.S.)
| | - Hui Gan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (J.D.); (B.R.); (Z.M.); (R.G.); (H.G.); (Z.W.); (Y.S.)
| | - Zhuona Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (J.D.); (B.R.); (Z.M.); (R.G.); (H.G.); (Z.W.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yunbo Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (J.D.); (B.R.); (Z.M.); (R.G.); (H.G.); (Z.W.); (Y.S.)
| | - Guifang Dou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (J.D.); (B.R.); (Z.M.); (R.G.); (H.G.); (Z.W.); (Y.S.)
| | - Shuchen Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (J.D.); (B.R.); (Z.M.); (R.G.); (H.G.); (Z.W.); (Y.S.)
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Smith LB, Chagas AC, Martin-Martin I, Ribeiro JMC, Calvo E. An insight into the female and male Sabethes cyaneus mosquito salivary glands transcriptome. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 153:103898. [PMID: 36587808 PMCID: PMC9899327 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2022.103898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Mosquitoes are responsible for the death and debilitation of millions of people every year due to the pathogens they can transmit while blood feeding. While a handful of mosquitoes, namely those in the Aedes, Anopheles, and Culex genus, are the dominant vectors, many other species belonging to different genus are also involved in various pathogen cycles. Sabethes cyaneus is one of the many poorly understood mosquito species involved in the sylvatic cycle of Yellow Fever Virus. Here, we report the expression profile differences between male and female of Sa.cyaneus salivary glands (SGs). We find that female Sa.cyaneus SGs have 165 up-regulated and 18 down-regulated genes compared to male SGs. Most of the up-regulated genes have unknown functions, however, odorant binding proteins, such as those in the D7 protein family, and mucins were among the top 30 genes. We also performed various in vitro activity assays of female SGs. In the activity analysis we found that female SG extracts inhibit coagulation by blocking factor Xa and has endonuclease activity. Knowledge about mosquitoes and their physiology are important for understanding how different species differ in their ability to feed on and transmits pathogens to humans. These results provide us with an insight into the Sabethes SG activity and gene expression that expands our understanding of mosquito salivary glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Barion Smith
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institutes of Health, 12735 Twinbrook Parkway, Room 2W09, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Andrezza Campos Chagas
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institutes of Health, 12735 Twinbrook Parkway, Room 2W09, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ines Martin-Martin
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institutes of Health, 12735 Twinbrook Parkway, Room 2W09, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jose M C Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institutes of Health, 12735 Twinbrook Parkway, Room 2W09, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Eric Calvo
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institutes of Health, 12735 Twinbrook Parkway, Room 2W09, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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El-Serafi AT, El-Serafi I, Steinvall I, Sjöberg F, Elmasry M. A Systematic Review of Keratinocyte Secretions: A Regenerative Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147934. [PMID: 35887279 PMCID: PMC9323141 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell regenerative therapy is a modern solution for difficult-to-heal wounds. Keratinocytes, the most common cell type in the skin, are difficult to obtain without the creation of another wound. Stem cell differentiation towards keratinocytes is a challenging process, and it is difficult to reproduce in chemically defined media. Nevertheless, a co-culture of keratinocytes with stem cells usually achieves efficient differentiation. This systematic review aims to identify the secretions of normal human keratinocytes reported in the literature and correlate them with the differentiation process. An online search revealed 338 references, of which 100 met the selection criteria. A total of 80 different keratinocyte secretions were reported, which can be grouped mainly into cytokines, growth factors, and antimicrobial peptides. The growth-factor group mostly affects stem cell differentiation into keratinocytes, especially epidermal growth factor and members of the transforming growth factor family. Nevertheless, the reported secretions reflected the nature of the involved studies, as most of them focused on keratinocyte interaction with inflammation. This review highlights the secretory function of keratinocytes, as well as the need for intense investigation to characterize these secretions and evaluate their regenerative capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed T. El-Serafi
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, 58183 Linkoping, Sweden; (I.S.); (F.S.); (M.E.)
- Department of Hand Surgery, Plastic Surgery and Burns, Linköping University, 58183 Linkoping, Sweden;
- Correspondence:
| | - Ibrahim El-Serafi
- Department of Hand Surgery, Plastic Surgery and Burns, Linköping University, 58183 Linkoping, Sweden;
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ingrid Steinvall
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, 58183 Linkoping, Sweden; (I.S.); (F.S.); (M.E.)
- Department of Hand Surgery, Plastic Surgery and Burns, Linköping University, 58183 Linkoping, Sweden;
| | - Folke Sjöberg
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, 58183 Linkoping, Sweden; (I.S.); (F.S.); (M.E.)
- Department of Hand Surgery, Plastic Surgery and Burns, Linköping University, 58183 Linkoping, Sweden;
| | - Moustafa Elmasry
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, 58183 Linkoping, Sweden; (I.S.); (F.S.); (M.E.)
- Department of Hand Surgery, Plastic Surgery and Burns, Linköping University, 58183 Linkoping, Sweden;
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Chen Z, Liu X, Ding J, Tian Y, Zhang Y, Wei D, Sun J, Luo F, Zhou L, Fan H. Tissue-like electrophysiological electrode interface construction by multiple crosslinked polysaccharide-based hydrogel. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 296:119923. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Galicka A, Sutkowska-Skolimowska J. The Beneficial Effect of Rosmarinic Acid on Benzophenone-3-Induced Alterations in Human Skin Fibroblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11451. [PMID: 34768882 PMCID: PMC8584053 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzophenone-3 (BP-3) is one of the most widely used chemical sunscreens. The results of many in vitro and in vivo tests confirm its high percutaneous penetration and systemic absorption, which question the safety of its wide use. The aim of our research was to assess the effect of this compound on components of the skin extracellular matrix, and to investigate whether rosmarinic acid (RA) could reduce BP-3-induced changes in human skin fibroblasts. BP-3 used at concentrations of 0.1-100 µM caused a number of unfavorable changes in the level of type I collagen, decorin, sulfated glycosaminoglycans, hyaluronic acid, elastin, and expression or activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1, MMP-2), elastase and hyaluronidase. Moreover, the intracellular retention of collagen was accompanied by changes in the expression of proteins modifying and controlling the synthesis and secretion of this protein. Most importantly, RA at a concentration of 100 µM significantly reduced or completely abolished the adverse effects of BP-3. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that this polyphenol may provide effective protection against BP-3-induced disturbances in skin cells, which may have important clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Galicka
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2A, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland;
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Chen H, Hossain MA, Kim JH, Cho JY. Kahweol Exerts Skin Moisturizing Activities by Upregulating STAT1 Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8864. [PMID: 34445570 PMCID: PMC8396203 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Kahweol is a diterpene present in coffee. Until now, several studies have shown that kahweol has anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic functions. Due to the limited research available about skin protection, this study aims to discern the potential abilities of kahweol and the possible regulation targets. First, the cytotoxicity of kahweol was checked by 3-4-5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2-5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, while 2,20-azino-bis (3ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt and 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl were used to examine the radical scavenging ability. Polymerase chain reaction analysis was performed to explore the proper time points and doses affecting skin hydration and barrier-related genes. Luciferase assay and Western blotting were used to explore the possible transcription factors. Finally, fludarabine (a STAT1 inhibitor) was chosen to discern the relationship between skin-moisturizing factors and STAT1. We found that HaCaT cells experienced no toxicity from kahweol, and kahweol displayed moderate radical scavenging ability. Moreover, kahweol increased the outcome of HAS1, HAS2, occludin, and TGM-1 from six hours in a dose-dependent manner as well as the activation of STAT1 from six hours. Additionally, kahweol recovered the suppression of HAS2, STAT1-mediated luciferase activity, and HA secretion, which was all downregulated by fludarabine. In this study, we demonstrated that kahweol promotes skin-moisturizing activities by upregulating STAT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxi Chen
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea;
| | - Mohammad Amjad Hossain
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea;
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea;
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea;
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Kobayashi T, Chanmee T, Itano N. Hyaluronan: Metabolism and Function. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10111525. [PMID: 33171800 PMCID: PMC7695009 DOI: 10.3390/biom10111525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As a major polysaccharide component of the extracellular matrix, hyaluronan plays essential roles in the organization of tissue architecture and the regulation of cellular functions, such as cell proliferation and migration, through interactions with cell-surface receptors and binding molecules. Metabolic pathways for biosynthesis and degradation tightly control the turnover rate, concentration, and molecular size of hyaluronan in tissues. Despite the relatively simple chemical composition of this polysaccharide, its wide range of molecular weights mediate diverse functions that depend on molecular size and tissue concentration. Genetic engineering and pharmacological approaches have demonstrated close associations between hyaluronan metabolism and functions in many physiological and pathological events, including morphogenesis, wound healing, and inflammation. Moreover, emerging evidence has suggested that the accumulation of hyaluronan extracellular matrix and fragments due to the altered expression of hyaluronan synthases and hyaluronidases potentiates cancer development and progression by remodeling the tumor microenvironment. In addition to the well-known functions exerted by extracellular hyaluronan, recent metabolomic approaches have also revealed that its synthesis can regulate cellular functions via the reprogramming of cellular metabolism. This review highlights the current advances in knowledge on the biosynthesis and catabolism of hyaluronan and describes the diverse functions associated with hyaluronan metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kobayashi
- Institute for Molecular Science of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195, Japan;
| | - Theerawut Chanmee
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand;
| | - Naoki Itano
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-75-705-3064
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