1
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Mehrabian M, Taleb-Abbasi M, Akhavan O. Using Cu 2O/ZnO as Two-Dimensional Hole/Electron Transport Nanolayers in Unleaded FASnI 3 Perovskite Solar Cells. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1064. [PMID: 38473535 DOI: 10.3390/ma17051064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
A Pb-free FASnI3 perovskite solar cell improved by using Cu2O/ZnO as two-dimensional-based hole/electron transport nanolayers has been proposed and studied by using a SCAPS-1D solar simulator. To calibrate our study, at first, an FTO/ZnO/MAPbI3/Cu2O/Au multilayer device was simulated, and the numerical results (including a conversion efficiency of 6.06%, an open circuit potential of 0.76 V, a fill factor parameter of 64.91%, and a short circuit electric current density of 12.26 mA/cm2) were compared with the experimental results in the literature. Then, the conversion efficiency of the proposed FASnI3-based solar cell was found to improve to 7.83%. The depth profile energy levels, charge carrier concentrations, recombination rate of electron/hole pair, and the FASnI3 thickness-dependent solar cell efficiency were studied and compared with the results obtained for the MAPbI3-containing device (as a benchmark). Interestingly, the FASnI3 material required to obtain an optimized solar cell is one-half of the material required for an optimized MAPbI3-based device, with a thickness of 200 nm. These results indicate that developing more environmentally friendly perovskite solar cells is possible if suitable electron/hole transport layers are selected along with the upcoming Pb-free perovskite absorber layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masood Mehrabian
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic Science, University of Maragheh, Maragheh P.O. Box 55181-83111, Iran
| | - Maryam Taleb-Abbasi
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz P.O. Box 51666-16471, Iran
| | - Omid Akhavan
- Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran P.O. Box 11155-9161, Iran
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2
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Afre RA, Pugliese D. Perovskite Solar Cells: A Review of the Latest Advances in Materials, Fabrication Techniques, and Stability Enhancement Strategies. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:192. [PMID: 38398920 PMCID: PMC10890723 DOI: 10.3390/mi15020192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are gaining popularity due to their high efficiency and low-cost fabrication. In recent decades, noticeable research efforts have been devoted to improving the stability of these cells under ambient conditions. Moreover, researchers are exploring new materials and fabrication techniques to enhance the performance of PSCs under various environmental conditions. The mechanical stability of flexible PSCs is another area of research that has gained significant attention. The latest research also focuses on developing tin-based PSCs that can overcome the challenges associated with lead-based perovskites. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in materials, fabrication techniques, and stability enhancement strategies for PSCs. It discusses the recent progress in perovskite crystal structure engineering, device construction, and fabrication procedures that has led to significant improvements in the photo conversion efficiency of these solar devices. The article also highlights the challenges associated with PSCs such as their poor stability under ambient conditions and discusses various strategies employed to enhance their stability. These strategies include the use of novel materials for charge transport layers and encapsulation techniques to protect PSCs from moisture and oxygen. Finally, this article provides a critical assessment of the current state of the art in PSC research and discusses future prospects for this technology. This review concludes that PSCs have great potential as a low-cost alternative to conventional silicon-based solar cells but require further research to improve their stability under ambient conditions in view of their definitive commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh A. Afre
- Centre of Excellence in Nanotechnology (CoEN), Faculty of Engineering, Assam down town University (AdtU), Guwahati 781026, Assam, India;
| | - Diego Pugliese
- National Institute of Metrological Research (INRiM), Strada delle Cacce 91, 10135 Torino, Italy
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3
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Masawa SM, Bakari R, Xu J, Yao J. Progress and challenges in the fabrication of lead-free all-inorganic perovskites solar cells using solvent and compositional engineering Techniques-A review. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2022.123608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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4
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Ghorpade UV, Suryawanshi MP, Green MA, Wu T, Hao X, Ryan KM. Emerging Chalcohalide Materials for Energy Applications. Chem Rev 2022; 123:327-378. [PMID: 36410039 PMCID: PMC9837823 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Semiconductors with multiple anions currently provide a new materials platform from which improved functionality emerges, posing new challenges and opportunities in material science. This review has endeavored to emphasize the versatility of the emerging family of semiconductors consisting of mixed chalcogen and halogen anions, known as "chalcohalides". As they are multifunctional, these materials are of general interest to the wider research community, ranging from theoretical/computational scientists to experimental materials scientists. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the development of emerging Bi- and Sb-based as well as a new Cu, Sn, Pb, Ag, and hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite-based chalcohalides. We first highlight the high-throughput computational techniques to design and develop these chalcohalide materials. We then proceed to discuss their optoelectronic properties, band structures, stability, and structural chemistry employing theoretical and experimental underpinning toward high-performance devices. Next, we present an overview of recent advancements in the synthesis and their wide range of applications in energy conversion and storage devices. Finally, we conclude the review by outlining the impediments and important aspects in this field as well as offering perspectives on future research directions to further promote the development of chalcohalide materials in practical applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uma V. Ghorpade
- Department
of Chemical Sciences and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland,School
of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Mahesh P. Suryawanshi
- School
of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia,
| | - Martin A. Green
- School
of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Tom Wu
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Xiaojing Hao
- School
of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Kevin M. Ryan
- Department
of Chemical Sciences and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
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5
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Baranwal AK, Hayase S. Recent Advancements in Tin Halide Perovskite-Based Solar Cells and Thermoelectric Devices. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4055. [PMID: 36432341 PMCID: PMC9694716 DOI: 10.3390/nano12224055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The excellent optoelectronic properties of tin halide perovskites (Sn-PVKs) have made them a promising candidate for replacing toxic Pb counterparts. Concurrently, their enormous potential in photon harvesting and thermoelectricity applications has attracted increasing attention. The optoelectronic properties of Sn-PVKs are governed by the flexible nature of SnI6 octahedra, and they exhibit extremely low thermal conductivity. Due to these diverse applications, this review first analyzes the structural properties, optoelectronic properties, defect physics, and thermoelectric properties of Sn-PVKs. Then, recent techniques developed to solve limitations with Sn-PVK-based devices to improve their photoelectric and thermoelectric performance are discussed in detail. Finally, the challenges and prospects for further development of Sn-PVK-based devices are discussed.
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6
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Two-Step Synthesis of Bismuth-Based Hybrid Halide Perovskite Thin-Films. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14247827. [PMID: 34947425 PMCID: PMC8706077 DOI: 10.3390/ma14247827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskites have been revolutionary in the last decade in many optoelectronic sectors. Their bismuth-based counterparts have been considered a good alternative thanks to their composition of earth-abundant elements, good chemical stability, and low toxicity. Moreover, their electronic structure is in a quasi-zero-dimensional (0D) configuration, and they have recently been explored for use beyond optoelectronics. A significant limitation in applying thin-film technology is represented by the difficulty of synthesizing compact layers with easily scalable methods. Here, the engineering of a two-step synthesis in an air of methylammonium bismuth iodide compact thin films is reported. The critical steps of the process have been highlighted so that the procedure can be adapted to different substrates and application areas.
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7
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Kumar D, Kaur J, Mohanty PP, Ahuja R, Chakraborty S. Recent Advancements in Nontoxic Halide Perovskites: Beyond Divalent Composition Space. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:33240-33252. [PMID: 34926876 PMCID: PMC8674920 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Since the inception of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites of ABX3 stoichiometry in 2009, there has been enormous progress in envisaging efficient solar cell materials throughout the world, from both the theoretical and experimental perspectives. Despite achieving 25.5% efficiency, hybrid halide perovskites are still facing two main challenges: toxicity due to the presence of lead and device stability. Two particular families with A3B2X9 and A2MM'X6 stoichiometries have emerged to address these two prime concerns, which have restrained the advancement of solar energy harvesting. Several investigations, both experimental and theoretical, are being conducted to explore the holy-grail materials, which could be optimum for not only efficient but also stable and nontoxic photovoltaics technology. However, the trade-off among stability, efficiency, and toxicity in such solar energy materials is yet to be completely resolved, which requires a systematic overview of A3B2X9- and A2MM'X6-based solar cell materials. Therefore, in this timely and relevant perspective, we have focused on these two particular promising families of perovskite materials. We have portrayed a roadmap projecting the recent advancements from both theoretical and experimental perspectives for these two exciting and promising solar energy material families while amalgamating our critical viewpoint with a future outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhirendra Kumar
- Materials
Theory for Energy Scavenging (MATES) Lab, Harish-Chandra Research
Institute (HRI) Allahabad, HBNI, Chhatnag Road,
Jhunsi, Prayagraj (Allahabad) 211 019, India
| | - Jagjit Kaur
- Materials
Theory for Energy Scavenging (MATES) Lab, Harish-Chandra Research
Institute (HRI) Allahabad, HBNI, Chhatnag Road,
Jhunsi, Prayagraj (Allahabad) 211 019, India
| | | | - Rajeev Ahuja
- Department
of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology
Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
- Condensed
Matter Theory Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75120, Sweden
| | - Sudip Chakraborty
- Materials
Theory for Energy Scavenging (MATES) Lab, Harish-Chandra Research
Institute (HRI) Allahabad, HBNI, Chhatnag Road,
Jhunsi, Prayagraj (Allahabad) 211 019, India
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8
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Ahmed A, Azam A, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Li N, Jia C, Mushtaq RT, Rehman M, Gueye T, Shahid MB, Wajid BA. Additively manufactured nano-mechanical energy harvesting systems: advancements, potential applications, challenges and future perspectives. NANO CONVERGENCE 2021; 8:37. [PMID: 34851459 PMCID: PMC8633623 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-021-00289-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Additively manufactured nano-MEH systems are widely used to harvest energy from renewable and sustainable energy sources such as wind, ocean, sunlight, raindrops, and ambient vibrations. A comprehensive study focusing on in-depth technology evolution, applications, problems, and future trends of specifically 3D printed nano-MEH systems with an energy point of view is rarely conducted. Therefore, this paper looks into the state-of-the-art technologies, energy harvesting sources/methods, performance, implementations, emerging applications, potential challenges, and future perspectives of additively manufactured nano-mechanical energy harvesting (3DP-NMEH) systems. The prevailing challenges concerning renewable energy harvesting capacities, optimal energy scavenging, power management, material functionalization, sustainable prototyping strategies, new materials, commercialization, and hybridization are discussed. A novel solution is proposed for renewable energy generation and medicinal purposes based on the sustainable utilization of recyclable municipal and medical waste generated during the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, recommendations for future research are presented concerning the cutting-edge issues hurdling the optimal exploitation of renewable energy resources through NMEHs. China and the USA are the most significant leading forces in enhancing 3DP-NMEH technology, with more than 75% contributions collectively. The reported output energy capacities of additively manufactured nano-MEH systems were 0.5-32 mW, 0.0002-45.6 mW, and 0.3-4.67 mW for electromagnetic, piezoelectric, and triboelectric nanogenerators, respectively. The optimal strategies and techniques to enhance these energy capacities are compiled in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar Ahmed
- Department of Industry Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710072 People’s Republic of China
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Engineering and Technology Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ali Azam
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanen Wang
- Department of Industry Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710072 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zutao Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Li
- Graduate School of Tangshan, Southwest Jiaotong University, Tangshan, 063008 People’s Republic of China
| | - Changyuan Jia
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ray Tahir Mushtaq
- Department of Industry Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710072 People’s Republic of China
| | - Mudassar Rehman
- Department of Industry Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710072 People’s Republic of China
| | - Thierno Gueye
- Department of Industry Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710072 People’s Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Bilal Shahid
- School of Electrical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031 People’s Republic of China
| | - Basit Ali Wajid
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
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9
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Trifiletti V, Asker C, Tseberlidis G, Riva S, Zhao K, Tang W, Binetti S, Fenwick O. Quasi-Zero Dimensional Halide Perovskite Derivates: Synthesis, Status, and Opportunity. FRONTIERS IN ELECTRONICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/felec.2021.758603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, many technological advances have been enabled by nanoscale phenomena, giving rise to the field of nanotechnology. In particular, unique optical and electronic phenomena occur on length scales less than 10 nanometres, which enable novel applications. Halide perovskites have been the focus of intense research on their optoelectronic properties and have demonstrated impressive performance in photovoltaic devices and later in other optoelectronic technologies, such as lasers and light-emitting diodes. The most studied crystalline form is the three-dimensional one, but, recently, the exploration of the low-dimensional derivatives has enabled new sub-classes of halide perovskite materials to emerge with distinct properties. In these materials, low-dimensional metal halide structures responsible for the electronic properties are separated and partially insulated from one another by the (typically organic) cations. Confinement occurs on a crystal lattice level, enabling bulk or thin-film materials that retain a degree of low-dimensional character. In particular, quasi-zero dimensional perovskite derivatives are proving to have distinct electronic, absorption, and photoluminescence properties. They are being explored for various technologies beyond photovoltaics (e.g. thermoelectrics, lasing, photodetectors, memristors, capacitors, LEDs). This review brings together the recent literature on these zero-dimensional materials in an interdisciplinary way that can spur applications for these compounds. The synthesis methods, the electrical, optical, and chemical properties, the advances in applications, and the challenges that need to be overcome as candidates for future electronic devices have been covered.
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10
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Lee SY, Yoo SM, Lee HJ. Nanoscale Silver Iodobismuthate Photosensitizer and Its Hybridization with Molecular Dye for Mesoporous TiO 2 Film-based Solid-state Sensitized Solar Cells. CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seul-Yi Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
| | - So-Min Yoo
- Department of Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
| | - Hyo Joong Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
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11
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Ionic Liquid Synthesis of (Et
3
S)[Ag
4
I
5
] – A Structure Containing Basket‐Like Silver‐Iodide Cages with Ag
2
2+
Pairs. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202000338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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12
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Wang M, Wang W, Ma B, Shen W, Liu L, Cao K, Chen S, Huang W. Lead-Free Perovskite Materials for Solar Cells. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2021; 13:62. [PMID: 34138241 PMCID: PMC8187519 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-020-00578-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity issue of lead hinders large-scale commercial production and photovoltaic field application of lead halide perovskites. Some novel non- or low-toxic perovskite materials have been explored for development of environmentally friendly lead-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs). This review studies the substitution of equivalent/heterovalent metals for Pb based on first-principles calculation, summarizes the theoretical basis of lead-free perovskites, and screens out some promising lead-free candidates with suitable bandgap, optical, and electrical properties. Then, it reports notable achievements for the experimental studies of lead-free perovskites to date, including the crystal structure and material bandgap for all of lead-free materials and photovoltaic performance and stability for corresponding devices. The review finally discusses challenges facing the successful development and commercialization of lead-free PSCs and predicts the prospect of lead-free PSCs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Wang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Ben Ma
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Shen
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihui Liu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Cao
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Shufen Chen
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Attique S, Ali N, Ali S, Khatoon R, Li N, Khesro A, Rauf S, Yang S, Wu H. A Potential Checkmate to Lead: Bismuth in Organometal Halide Perovskites, Structure, Properties, and Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1903143. [PMID: 32670745 PMCID: PMC7341095 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201903143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The remarkable optoelectronic properties and considerable performance of the organo lead-halide perovskites (PVKs) in various optoelectronic applications grasp tremendous scientific attention. However, the existence of the toxic lead in these compounds is threatening human health and remains a major concern in the way of their commercialization. To address this issue, numerous nontoxic alternatives have been reported. Among these alternatives, bismuth-based PVKs have emerged as a promising substitute because of similar optoelectronic properties and extended environmental stability. This work communicates briefly about the possible lead-alternatives and explores bismuth-based perovskites comprehensively, in terms of their structures, optoelectronic properties, and applications. A brief description of lead-toxification is provided and the possible Pb-alternatives from the periodic table are scrutinized. Then, the classification and crystal structures of various Bi-based perovskites are elaborated on. Detailed optoelectronic properties of Bi-based perovskites are also described and their optoelectronic applications are abridged. The overall photovoltaic applications along with device characteristics (i.e., V OC, J SC, fill factor, FF, and power conversion efficiency, PCE), fabrication method, device architecture, and operational stability are also summarized. Finally, a conclusion is drawn where a brief outlook highlights the challenges that hamper the future progress of Bi-based optoelectronic devices and suggestions for future directions are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanam Attique
- Institute for Composites Science and Innovation (InCSI)School of Material Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027P. R. China
| | - Nasir Ali
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Devices and Department of PhysicsState Key Laboratory for Silicon MaterialsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027P. R. China
| | - Shahid Ali
- Materials Research LaboratoryDepartment of PhysicsUniversity of PeshawarPeshawar25120Pakistan
| | - Rabia Khatoon
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027P. R. China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSchool of Chemistry and Biological EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083P. R. China
| | - Amir Khesro
- Department of PhysicsAbdul Wali Khan UniversityMardan23200Pakistan
| | - Sajid Rauf
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Centre for Advanced Organic Chemical MaterialsFaculty of Physics and Electronic ScienceHubei UniversityWuhanHubei430062P. R. China
| | - Shikuan Yang
- Institute for Composites Science and Innovation (InCSI)School of Material Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027P. R. China
| | - Huizhen Wu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Devices and Department of PhysicsState Key Laboratory for Silicon MaterialsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027P. R. China
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14
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Yang Y, Liu C, Cai M, Liao Y, Ding Y, Ma S, Liu X, Guli M, Dai S, Nazeeruddin MK. Dimension-Controlled Growth of Antimony-Based Perovskite-like Halides for Lead-Free and Semitransparent Photovoltaics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:17062-17069. [PMID: 32172558 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c00681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Antimony (Sb) has been identified as a promising candidate for replacing toxic lead (Pb) in perovskite materials because Sb-based perovskite-like halides exhibit not only intrinsic thermodynamic stability but also a unique set of intriguing optoelectronic characteristics. However, Sb-based perovskite-like halides still suffer from poor film morphology and uncontrollable halide constituents, which result from the disorder of the growth process. Herein, we propose a simple strategy to facilitate heterogeneous nucleation and control the dimension transformation by introducing bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide lithium (LiTFSI), which produces high-quality two-dimensional MA3Sb2I9-xClx films. As the spacer molecule among Sb-based pyramidal clusters, LiTFSI plays a role in forming a zero-dimensional intermediate phase and retarding crystallization. The slower dimension transformation well stabilizes the band gap of perovskite-like films with a fixed Cl/I ratio (∼7:2) and avoids random "x" values in MA3Sb2I9-xClx films prepared from the conventional method. Based on this method, Sb-based perovskite-like solar cells (PLSCs) achieve the highest recorded power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 3.34% and retain 90% of the initial PCE after being stored under ambient conditions for over 1400 h. More importantly, semitransparent Sb-based PLSCs with PCEs from 2.62 to 3.06% and average visible transparencies from 42 to 23% are successfully obtained, which indicates the great potential of the emerging Pb-free halide semiconductor for broad photovoltaic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Molang Cai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Yinjie Liao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Yong Ding
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Xuepeng Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Mina Guli
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Songyuan Dai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, EPFL Valais, 1951 Sion, Switzerland
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15
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Kour R, Arya S, Verma S, Gupta J, Bandhoria P, Bharti V, Datt R, Gupta V. Potential Substitutes for Replacement of Lead in Perovskite Solar Cells: A Review. GLOBAL CHALLENGES (HOBOKEN, NJ) 2019; 3:1900050. [PMID: 31692982 PMCID: PMC6827533 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.201900050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskites have displayed the highest solar power conversion efficiencies of 23% but the toxicity issues of these materials need to be addressed. Lead-free perovskites have emerged as viable candidates for potential use as light harvesters to ensure clean and green photovoltaic technology. The substitution of lead by Sn, Ge, Bi, Sb, Cu and other potential candidates have reported efficiencies of up to 9%, but there is still a dire need to enhance their efficiencies and stability within the air. A comprehensive review is given on potential substitutes for lead-free perovskites and their characteristic features like energy bandgaps and optical absorption as well as photovoltaic parameters like open-circuit voltage (V OC), fill factor, short-circuit current density (J SC), and the device architecture for their efficient use. Lead-free perovskites do possess a suitable bandgap but have low efficiency. The use of additives has a significant effect on their efficiency and stability. The incorporation of cations like diethylammonium, phenylethyl ammonium, phenylethyl ammonium iodide, etc., or mixed cations at different compositions at the A-site is reported with engineered bandgaps having significant efficiency and stability. Recent work on the advancement of lead-free perovskites is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Kour
- Department of PhysicsGovernment Degree College for WomenKathuaJammu and Kashmir184102India
| | - Sandeep Arya
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of JammuJammu and KashmirJammu180006India
| | - Sonali Verma
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of JammuJammu and KashmirJammu180006India
| | - Jyoti Gupta
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of JammuJammu and KashmirJammu180006India
| | - Pankaj Bandhoria
- Department of PhysicsGovernment Gandhi Memorial Science College JammuJammu and KashmirJammu180001India
| | - Vishal Bharti
- Departamento de Ciência dos MateriaisFaculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaFCTUniversidade Nova de Lisboa2829‐516Campus de CaparicaPortugal
| | - Ram Datt
- Advance Materials and Devices DivisionCSIR‐National Physical LaboratoryDr. K. S. Krishnan MargNew Delhi110012India
| | - Vinay Gupta
- Department of Mechanical and Materials EngineeringKhalifa University of Science and TechnologyMasdar InstituteMasdar City54224Abu DhabiUAE
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16
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Raifuku I, Ishikawa Y, Chiang YH, Lin PY, Li MH, Uraoka Y, Chen P. Segregation-free bromine-doped perovskite solar cells for IoT applications. RSC Adv 2019; 9:32833-32838. [PMID: 35529752 PMCID: PMC9073202 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra05323a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells have attracted much attention as next-generation solar cells because of their high efficiency and low fabrication costs. Moreover, perovskite solar cells are a promising candidate for indoor energy harvesting. We investigated the effect of bandgap tuning on the characteristics of triple cation-based perovskite solar cells under fluorescent lamp illumination. According to the current density–voltage curves, perovskite solar cells with a wider bandgap than the conventional one exhibited improved open-circuit voltage without sacrificing short-circuit current density under fluorescent lamp illumination. Moreover, the wider bandgap perovskite films including a large amount of bromine in the composition did not show phase segregation, which can degrade the photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells, after fluorescent lamp illumination. Our results demonstrate the facile strategy to improve the performance of perovskite solar cells under ambient lighting and great potential of perovskite solar cells for indoor applications such as power sources for the internet of things. Heavily Br-doped PSCs have a segregation-free effect in low-illuminance conditions, leading to the highest performances.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Itaru Raifuku
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology 8916-5 Takayama Ikoma Nara 630-0192 Japan .,Department of Photonics and Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials (Hi-GEM) Research Center, National Cheng Kung University No.1, University Rd. Tainan 701 Taiwan
| | - Yasuaki Ishikawa
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology 8916-5 Takayama Ikoma Nara 630-0192 Japan
| | - Yu-Hsien Chiang
- Department of Photonics and Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials (Hi-GEM) Research Center, National Cheng Kung University No.1, University Rd. Tainan 701 Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ying Lin
- Department of Photonics and Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials (Hi-GEM) Research Center, National Cheng Kung University No.1, University Rd. Tainan 701 Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Li
- Department of Photonics and Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials (Hi-GEM) Research Center, National Cheng Kung University No.1, University Rd. Tainan 701 Taiwan
| | - Yukiharu Uraoka
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology 8916-5 Takayama Ikoma Nara 630-0192 Japan
| | - Peter Chen
- Department of Photonics and Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials (Hi-GEM) Research Center, National Cheng Kung University No.1, University Rd. Tainan 701 Taiwan
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17
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Lee DS, Seo SW, Park MA, Cheon KB, Ji SG, Park IJ, Kim JY. Electrochemical approach for preparing conformal methylammonium lead iodide layer. Electrochem commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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18
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Yoo SM, Kim M, Lee SY, Shin T, Kim K, Nazeeruddin MK, Lee HJ. Nanoscale Lead(II) Iodide-sensitized Solar Cell. CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.180883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- So-Min Yoo
- Department of Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
| | - Myoung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
| | - Seul-Yi Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
| | - Taeho Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
| | - Kyoungsoo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
| | - Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, EPFL VALAIS, 1951 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Hyo Joong Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
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19
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Zimmermann I, Aghazada S, Nazeeruddin MK. Lead and HTM Free Stable Two‐Dimensional Tin Perovskites with Suitable Band Gap for Solar Cell Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201811497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iwan Zimmermann
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL) Rue de l'industrie 17 1950 Sion Switzerland
| | - Sadig Aghazada
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL) Rue de l'industrie 17 1950 Sion Switzerland
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20
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Zimmermann I, Aghazada S, Nazeeruddin MK. Lead and HTM Free Stable Two-Dimensional Tin Perovskites with Suitable Band Gap for Solar Cell Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 58:1072-1076. [PMID: 30462878 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201811497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites have attracted great attention over the last few years as potential light-harvesting materials for efficient and cost-effective solar cells. However, the use of lead iodide in state-of-the-art perovskite devices may demonstrate an obstacle for future commercialization due to toxicity of lead. Herein we report on the synthesis and characterization of low dimensional tin-based perovskites. We found that the use of symmetrical imidazolium-based cations such as benzimidazolium (Bn) and benzodiimidazolium (Bdi) allow the formation of 2D perovskites with relatively narrow band gaps compared to traditional -NH3 + amino groups, with optical band gap values of 1.81 eV and 1.79 eV for Bn2 SnI4 and BdiSnI4 respectively. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the optical properties in this class of perovskites can be tuned by formation of a quasi 2D perovskite with the formula Bn2 FASn2 I7 . Additionally, we investigate the change in band gap in the mixed Sn/Pb solid solution Bn2 Snx Pbx-1 I4 . Devices fabricated with Bn2 SnI4 show promising efficiencies of around 2.3 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwan Zimmermann
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Rue de l'industrie 17, 1950, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Sadig Aghazada
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Rue de l'industrie 17, 1950, Sion, Switzerland
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21
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Miyasaka T. Lead Halide Perovskites in Thin Film Photovoltaics: Background and Perspectives. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20180071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Miyasaka
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Toin University of Yokohama, 1614 Kurogane-cho, Aoba, Yokohama, Kanagawa 225-8503, Japan
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22
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Sani F, Shafie S, Lim HN, Musa AO. Advancement on Lead-Free Organic-Inorganic Halide Perovskite Solar Cells: A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 11:E1008. [PMID: 29899206 PMCID: PMC6024904 DOI: 10.3390/ma11061008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Remarkable attention has been committed to the recently discovered cost effective and solution processable lead-free organic-inorganic halide perovskite solar cells. Recent studies have reported that, within five years, the reported efficiency has reached 9.0%, which makes them an extremely promising and fast developing candidate to compete with conventional lead-based perovskite solar cells. The major challenge associated with the conventional perovskite solar cells is the toxic nature of lead (Pb) used in the active layer of perovskite material. If lead continues to be used in fabricating solar cells, negative health impacts will result in the environment due to the toxicity of lead. Alternatively, lead free perovskite solar cells could give a safe way by substituting low-cost, abundant and non toxic material. This review focuses on formability of lead-free organic-inorganic halide perovskite, alternative metal cations candidates to replace lead (Pb), and possible substitutions of organic cations, as well as halide anions in the lead-free organic-inorganic halide perovskite architecture. Furthermore, the review gives highlights on the impact of organic cations, metal cations and inorganic anions on stability and the overall performance of lead free perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faruk Sani
- Department of Physics, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria.
| | - Suhaidi Shafie
- Functional Devices Laboratories, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia.
- Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia.
| | - Hong Ngee Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia.
- Materials Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia.
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