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Hashemi M, Amiel A, Zouaoui M, Adam K, Clemente HS, Aguilar M, Pendaries R, Couzigou JM, Marti G, Gaulin E, Roy S, Rey T, Dumas B. The mycoparasite Pythium oligandrum induces legume pathogen resistance and shapes rhizosphere microbiota without impacting mutualistic interactions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1156733. [PMID: 37929182 PMCID: PMC10625430 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1156733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Pythium oligandrum is a soil-borne oomycete associated with rhizosphere and root tissues. Its ability to enhance plant growth, stimulate plant immunity and parasitize fungal and oomycete preys has led to the development of agricultural biocontrol products. Meanwhile, the effect of P. oligandrum on mutualistic interactions and more generally on root microbial communities has not been investigated. Here, we developed a biological system comprising P. oligandrum interacting with two legume plants, Medicago truncatula and Pisum sativum. P. oligandrum activity was investigated at the transcriptomics level through an RNAseq approach, metabolomics and finally metagenomics to investigate the impact of P. oligandrum on root microbiota. We found that P. oligandrum promotes plant growth in these two species and protects them against infection by the oomycete Aphanomyces euteiches, a devastating legume root pathogen. In addition, P. oligandrum up-regulated more than 1000 genes in M. truncatula roots including genes involved in plant defense and notably in the biosynthesis of antimicrobial compounds and validated the enhanced production of M. truncatula phytoalexins, medicarpin and formononetin. Despite this activation of plant immunity, we found that root colonization by P. oligandrum did not impaired symbiotic interactions, promoting the formation of large and multilobed symbiotic nodules with Ensifer meliloti and did not negatively affect the formation of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. Finally, metagenomic analyses showed the oomycete modifies the composition of fungal and bacterial communities. Together, our results provide novel insights regarding the involvement of P. oligandrum in the functioning of plant root microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hashemi
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III, Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Aurélien Amiel
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III, Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Auzeville-Tolosane, France
- DE SANGOSSE, Pont-Du-Casse, France
| | - Mohamed Zouaoui
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III, Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Kévin Adam
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III, Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Hélène San Clemente
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III, Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Marielle Aguilar
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III, Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Rémi Pendaries
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III, Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Auzeville-Tolosane, France
- DE SANGOSSE, Pont-Du-Casse, France
| | - Jean-Malo Couzigou
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III, Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Guillaume Marti
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III, Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Auzeville-Tolosane, France
- Metatoul-AgromiX Platform, MetaboHUB, National Infrastructure of Metabolomics and Fluxomics, Toulouse, France
| | - Elodie Gaulin
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III, Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Sébastien Roy
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III, Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Auzeville-Tolosane, France
- AGRONUTRITION, Carbonne, France
| | - Thomas Rey
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III, Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Auzeville-Tolosane, France
- DE SANGOSSE, Pont-Du-Casse, France
| | - Bernard Dumas
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III, Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Auzeville-Tolosane, France
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Bamba M, Aoki S, Kajita T, Setoguchi H, Watano Y, Sato S, Tsuchimatsu T. Massive rhizobial genomic variation associated with partner quality in Lotus-Mesorhizobium symbiosis. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2020; 96:5917975. [PMID: 33016310 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiaa202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Variation in partner quality is commonly observed in diverse cooperative relationships, despite the theoretical prediction that selection favoring high-quality partners should eliminate such variation. Here, we investigated how genetic variation in partner quality could be maintained in the nitrogen-fixing mutualism between Lotus japonicus and Mesorhizobium bacteria. We reconstructed de novo assembled full-genome sequences from nine rhizobial symbionts, finding massive variation in the core genome and the similar symbiotic islands, indicating recent horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of the symbiosis islands into diverse Mesorhizobium lineages. A cross-inoculation experiment using 9 sequenced rhizobial symbionts and 15 L. japonicus accessions revealed extensive quality variation represented by plant growth phenotypes, including genotype-by-genotype interactions. Variation in quality was not associated with the presence/absence variation in known symbiosis-related genes in the symbiosis island; rather, it showed significant correlation with the core genome variation. Given the recurrent HGT of the symbiosis islands into diverse Mesorhizobium strains, local Mesorhizobium communities could serve as a major source of variation for core genomes, which might prevent variation in partner quality from fixing, even in the presence of selection favoring high-quality partners. These findings highlight the novel role of HGT of symbiosis islands in maintaining partner quality variation in the legume-rhizobia symbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Bamba
- Department of Biology (Frontier Science Program), Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.,Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Seishiro Aoki
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kajita
- Iriomote Station, Tropical Biosphere Research Center, The University of the Ryukyus, 870 Uehara, Taketomi-cho, Yaeyama-gun, Okinawa 907-1541, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Setoguchi
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida-nihonmatsu-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Watano
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Shusei Sato
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Takashi Tsuchimatsu
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.,Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Dhanushkodi R, Matthew C, McManus MT, Dijkwel PP. Drought-induced senescence of Medicago truncatula nodules involves serpin and ferritin to control proteolytic activity and iron levels. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2018; 220:196-208. [PMID: 29974467 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Drought is a major constraint for legume growth and yield. Senescence of nitrogen-fixing nodules is one of the early drought responses and may cause nutrient stress in addition to water stress in legumes. For nodule senescence to function as part of a drought-survival strategy, we propose that the intrinsically destructive senescence process must be tightly regulated. Medicago truncatula protease inhibitor and iron scavenger-encoding genes, possibly involved in controlling nodule senescence, were identified. RNA interference (RNAi) lines were constructed in which expression of a serpin or ferritins was knocked down. Both wild-type and RNAi lines were subjected to drought stress and nodule activity and plant physiological responses were measured. Drought caused M. truncatula to initiate nodule senescence before plant growth was affected and before an increase in papain-like proteolytic activity and free iron levels was apparent. Knock-down expression of serpin6 and ferritins caused increased protease activity, free iron levels, early nodule senescence and reduced plant growth. The results suggest that M. truncatula nodule-expressed serpin6 and ferritins mediate ordered drought-induced senescence by regulating papain-like cysteine protease activity and free iron levels. This strategy may allow the drought-stressed plants to benefit maximally from residual nitrogen fixation and nutrient recovery resulting from break down of macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramadoss Dhanushkodi
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Cory Matthew
- Institute of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Michael T McManus
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Paul P Dijkwel
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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