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Hsueh FC, Chien CY, Chang SW, Lian BR, Lin HY, Ellerma L, Chiou MT, Lin CN. Field Evaluation of a Ready-to-Use Porcine Circovirus Type 2 and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Vaccine in Naturally Infected Farms in Taiwan. Vet Sci 2025; 12:304. [PMID: 40284806 PMCID: PMC12031627 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci12040304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2025] [Revised: 03/15/2025] [Accepted: 03/24/2025] [Indexed: 04/29/2025] Open
Abstract
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (MHP) are both important and common pathogens in the pig industry. Both pathogens are major contributors to the porcine respiratory disease complex and serve to potentiate other bacterial infections such as Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a ready-to-use bivalent PCV2 and MHP vaccine in the field under naturally PCV2-infected farms against existing monovalent options. We evaluated PCV2 viremia, PCV2 antibodies, and lung lesion scores in slaughtered pigs in our study across four farms in Taiwan. Our results found that in two out of four farms, the piglets vaccinated with Porcilis® PCV M Hyo had superior whole-life PCV2 viremia reduction compared to the existing vaccination program on farms. In the lung lesion scoring, the Porcilis® PCV M Hyo group had significantly lower Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia-type lesions in pigs than in the competitor group in two out of three farms evaluated. In this field trial, Porcilis® PCV M Hyo proved to be efficacious in protecting piglets against both PCV2 viremia and the impact of MHP secondary infection, in the context of a reduction in viremia and reduced APP-like lesions found at slaughter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Chun Hsueh
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; (F.-C.H.); (C.-Y.C.)
| | - Chia-Yi Chien
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; (F.-C.H.); (C.-Y.C.)
| | - Shu-Wei Chang
- Intervet Animal Health Taiwan Ltd., Taipei 11047, Taiwan; (S.-W.C.); (B.-R.L.)
| | - Bo-Rong Lian
- Intervet Animal Health Taiwan Ltd., Taipei 11047, Taiwan; (S.-W.C.); (B.-R.L.)
| | - Hong-Yao Lin
- MSD Animal Health Innovation Pte Ltd., Singapore 718847, Singapore;
| | - Leonardo Ellerma
- MSD Animal Health (Phils.), Inc., Makati City 1226, Philippines;
| | - Ming-Tang Chiou
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; (F.-C.H.); (C.-Y.C.)
- Animal Disease Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
- Research and Technical Center for Sustainable and Intelligent Swine Production, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Nan Lin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; (F.-C.H.); (C.-Y.C.)
- Animal Disease Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
- Research and Technical Center for Sustainable and Intelligent Swine Production, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
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Pleguezuelos P, Sibila M, Ramírez C, López-Jiménez R, Pérez D, Huerta E, Llorens AM, Pérez M, Correa-Fiz F, Mancera Gracia JC, Taylor LP, Smith J, Bandrick M, Borowski S, Saunders G, Segalés J, López-Soria S, Fort M, Balasch M. Efficacy Studies against PCV-2 of a New Trivalent Vaccine including PCV-2a and PCV-2b Genotypes and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae When Administered at 3 Weeks of Age. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10122108. [PMID: 36560518 PMCID: PMC9784864 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10122108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a new trivalent vaccine containing inactivated Porcine Circovirus 1-2a and 1-2b chimeras and a Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae bacterin administered to pigs around 3 weeks of age. This trivalent vaccine has already been proved as efficacious in a split-dose regimen but has not been tested in a single-dose scenario. For this purpose, a total of four studies including two pre-clinical and two clinical studies were performed. Globally, a significant reduction in PCV-2 viraemia and faecal excretion was detected in vaccinated pigs compared to non-vaccinated animals, as well as lower histopathological lymphoid lesion plus PCV-2 immunohistochemistry scorings, and incidence of PCV-2-subclinical infection. Moreover, in field trial B, a significant increase in body weight and in average daily weight gain were detected in vaccinated animals compared to the non-vaccinated ones. Circulation of PCV-2b in field trial A and PCV-2a plus PCV-2d in field trial B was confirmed by virus sequencing. Hence, the efficacy of this new trivalent vaccine against a natural PCV-2a, PCV-2b or PCV-2d challenge was demonstrated in terms of reduction of histopathological lymphoid lesions and PCV-2 detection in tissues, serum and faeces, as well as improvement of production parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Pleguezuelos
- Unitat Mixta d’Investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- IRTA, Programa de Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Marina Sibila
- Unitat Mixta d’Investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- IRTA, Programa de Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carla Ramírez
- Unitat Mixta d’Investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- IRTA, Programa de Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa López-Jiménez
- Unitat Mixta d’Investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- IRTA, Programa de Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diego Pérez
- Unitat Mixta d’Investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- IRTA, Programa de Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Huerta
- Unitat Mixta d’Investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- IRTA, Programa de Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Maria Llorens
- Unitat Mixta d’Investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- IRTA, Programa de Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mónica Pérez
- Unitat Mixta d’Investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- IRTA, Programa de Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Florencia Correa-Fiz
- Unitat Mixta d’Investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- IRTA, Programa de Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Lucas P. Taylor
- Zoetis Inc., 333 Portage Street 300-504SW, Kalamazoo, MI 49007, USA
| | - Jennifer Smith
- Zoetis Inc., 333 Portage Street 300-504SW, Kalamazoo, MI 49007, USA
| | - Meggan Bandrick
- Zoetis Inc., 333 Portage Street 300-504SW, Kalamazoo, MI 49007, USA
| | - Stasia Borowski
- Zoetis Belgium S.A., 20 Mercuriusstraat, 1930 Zaventem, Belgium
| | | | - Joaquim Segalés
- Unitat Mixta d’Investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergio López-Soria
- Unitat Mixta d’Investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- IRTA, Programa de Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Fort
- Zoetis Manufacturing & Research Spain S.L., Ctra Camprodon s/n Finca “La Riba”, Vall de Bianya, 17813 Girona, Spain
| | - Mónica Balasch
- Zoetis Manufacturing & Research Spain S.L., Ctra Camprodon s/n Finca “La Riba”, Vall de Bianya, 17813 Girona, Spain
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Pleguezuelos P, Sibila M, Cuadrado-Matías R, López-Jiménez R, Pérez D, Huerta E, Pérez M, Correa-Fiz F, Mancera-Gracia JC, Taylor LP, Borowski S, Saunders G, Segalés J, López-Soria S, Balasch M. Efficacy Studies of a Trivalent Vaccine Containing PCV-2a, PCV-2b Genotypes and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae When Administered at 3 Days of Age and 3 Weeks Later against Porcine Circovirus 2 (PCV-2) Infection. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1234. [PMID: 36016122 PMCID: PMC9414577 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10081234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Four studies under preclinical and clinical conditions were performed to evaluate the efficacy of a new trivalent vaccine against Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2) infection. The product contained inactivated PCV-1/PCV-2a (cPCV-2a) and PCV-1/PCV-2b (cPCV-2b) chimeras, plus M. hyopneumoniae inactivated cell-free antigens, which was administered to piglets in a two-dose regime at 3 days of age and 3 weeks later. The overall results of preclinical and clinical studies show a significant reduction in PCV-2 viraemia and faecal excretion, and lower histopathological lymphoid lesions and PCV-2 immunohistochemistry scores in vaccinated pigs when compared to non-vaccinated ones. Furthermore, in field trial A, a statistically significant reduction in the incidence of PCV-2-subclinical infection, an increase in body weight from 16 weeks of age to slaughterhouse and an average daily weight gain over the whole period (from 3 days of age to slaughterhouse) was detected in the vaccinated group when compared to the non-vaccinated one. Circulation of PCV-2a in field trial A, and PCV-2b plus PCV-2d in field trial B was confirmed by virus sequencing. In conclusion, a double immunization with a cPCV-2a/cPCV-2b/M. hyopneumoniae vaccine was efficacious against PCV-2 infection by reducing the number of histopathological lymphoid lesions and PCV-2 detection in tissues, serum, and faeces, as well as reducing losses in productive parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Pleguezuelos
- Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (IRTA-CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; (M.S.); (R.C.-M.); (R.L.-J.); (D.P.); (E.H.); (M.P.); (F.C.-F.); (S.L.-S.)
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Marina Sibila
- Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (IRTA-CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; (M.S.); (R.C.-M.); (R.L.-J.); (D.P.); (E.H.); (M.P.); (F.C.-F.); (S.L.-S.)
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Raúl Cuadrado-Matías
- Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (IRTA-CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; (M.S.); (R.C.-M.); (R.L.-J.); (D.P.); (E.H.); (M.P.); (F.C.-F.); (S.L.-S.)
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Rosa López-Jiménez
- Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (IRTA-CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; (M.S.); (R.C.-M.); (R.L.-J.); (D.P.); (E.H.); (M.P.); (F.C.-F.); (S.L.-S.)
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Diego Pérez
- Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (IRTA-CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; (M.S.); (R.C.-M.); (R.L.-J.); (D.P.); (E.H.); (M.P.); (F.C.-F.); (S.L.-S.)
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Eva Huerta
- Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (IRTA-CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; (M.S.); (R.C.-M.); (R.L.-J.); (D.P.); (E.H.); (M.P.); (F.C.-F.); (S.L.-S.)
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Mónica Pérez
- Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (IRTA-CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; (M.S.); (R.C.-M.); (R.L.-J.); (D.P.); (E.H.); (M.P.); (F.C.-F.); (S.L.-S.)
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Florencia Correa-Fiz
- Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (IRTA-CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; (M.S.); (R.C.-M.); (R.L.-J.); (D.P.); (E.H.); (M.P.); (F.C.-F.); (S.L.-S.)
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain;
| | | | - Lucas P. Taylor
- Zoetis Inc., 333 Portage Street 300-504SW, Kalamazoo, MI 49007, USA;
| | - Stasia Borowski
- Zoetis Belgium S.A., 20 Mercuriusstraat, 1930 Zaventem, Belgium; (J.C.M.-G.); (S.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Gillian Saunders
- Zoetis Belgium S.A., 20 Mercuriusstraat, 1930 Zaventem, Belgium; (J.C.M.-G.); (S.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Joaquim Segalés
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain;
- Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- Zoetis Manufacturing & Research Spain S.L., Ctra Camprodon s/n Finca “La Riba”, 17813 Vall de Bianya, Girona, Spain;
| | - Sergio López-Soria
- Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (IRTA-CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; (M.S.); (R.C.-M.); (R.L.-J.); (D.P.); (E.H.); (M.P.); (F.C.-F.); (S.L.-S.)
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Mònica Balasch
- Zoetis Manufacturing & Research Spain S.L., Ctra Camprodon s/n Finca “La Riba”, 17813 Vall de Bianya, Girona, Spain;
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