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Rehman S, Rehman E, Mumtaz A, Jianglin Z. Cardiovascular Disease Mortality and Potential Risk Factor in China: A Multi-Dimensional Assessment by a Grey Relational Approach. Int J Public Health 2022; 67:1604599. [PMID: 35574277 PMCID: PMC9101313 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2022.1604599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study aims to investigate the impact of hypertension, diabetes, and high blood cholesterol on increased mortality from cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease, stroke, and pulmonary heart disease in a multi-dimensional way. Methods: The grey relational analysis methodology is adopted to assess the connection between cardiac risk factors and related mortality. The Hurwicz and the Conservative (Min-Max) criterion approach are also utilized to identify the prospective risk factor that contributes the most to increased cardiac mortality. Results: The findings reveal that hypertension has a more grounded relationship with stroke and pulmonary heart disease mortality, whereas high blood cholesterol appears to be the leading contributor to deaths from coronary heart disease. The results based on the Hurwicz and the Min-Max criterion show a robust connection between dyslipidemia, coronary heart disease, and cardiovascular disease mortality. Conclusion: Combating uncontrolled blood cholesterol and blood pressure levels would necessitate a multi-pronged strategy at both the national and local levels. Besides, the suggested methodologies provide a valuable tool and additional practical knowledge for public health policymakers and decision-makers in drawing rational decisions to combat China's rising CVD burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Rehman
- Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The first Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Candidate Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Skin Diseases, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pak-Austria Fachhochschule: Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Erum Rehman
- School of Economics, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan, China
| | - Ayesha Mumtaz
- School of Public Administration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhang Jianglin
- Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The first Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Candidate Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Skin Diseases, Shenzhen, China
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Trapé ÁA, Rodrigues JAL, Ferezin LP, Ferrari GD, Lizzi EADS, de Moraes VN, da Silva RF, Zago AS, Brazo-Sayavera J, Bueno Júnior CR. NOS3 Polymorphisms Can Influence the Effect of Multicomponent Training on Blood Pressure, Nitrite Concentration and Physical Fitness in Prehypertensive and Hypertensive Older Adult Women. Front Physiol 2021; 12:566023. [PMID: 33790801 PMCID: PMC8006435 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.566023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Associations of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) polymorphisms with hypertension and response to exercise training in prehypertensive and hypertensive older adult women remain unclear. This study used a multicomponent program (various capacities and motor skills) in the physical training intervention. It analyzed the influence of NOS3 polymorphisms [−786T > C, 894G > T (Glu298Asp), and intron 4b/a] on the response of blood pressure (BP), nitrite concentration, and physical fitness in older adult women. Fifty-two participants aged between 50 and 80 underwent body mass index, BP, 6-min walk, elbow flexion, and sit and stand-up tests to assess physical fitness. The intervention duration was 12 weeks, twice a week, on non-consecutive days. Each session lasted 90 min, maintaining an intensity between 13 (moderate) and 15 (intense), controlled by the Subjective Effort Perception Scale. Plasma/blood samples were collected to assess nitrite concentration and genotyping. The statistical analysis included Fisher’s exact test and linear mixed-effects models. The multicomponent training’s positive effect was observed with a similar response in both prehypertensive and hypertensive groups. However, carriers of different genotypes demonstrated different responses to training: the decreases in systolic and diastolic BP and increases in nitrite expected from the physical training were smaller in variant genotype than ancestral genotype carriers, especially in the hypertensive group. At positions −786T > C and Glu298Asp, only the ancestral genotypes showed a decrease in diastolic BP (Δ% = −8.1, and Δ% = −6.5, respectively) and an increase on nitrite (Δ% = 19.1, and Δ% = 24.1, respectively) in the hypertensive group. Our results show that the benefits of a multicomponent training intervention seem to be genotype-dependent. It should be possible to consider genetic variants when selecting an exercise treatment intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Átila Alexandre Trapé
- Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, USP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Javier Brazo-Sayavera
- Polo de Desarrollo Universitario EFISAL, Centro Universitario Regional Noreste, Universidad de la República (UDELAR), Rivera, Uruguay
| | - Carlos Roberto Bueno Júnior
- Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, USP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Ribeirão Preto Medical School, USP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Mohammed LLM, Dhavale M, Abdelaal MK, Alam ABMN, Blazin T, Prajapati D, Mostafa JA. Exercise-Induced Hypertension in Healthy Individuals and Athletes: Is it an Alarming Sign? Cureus 2020; 12:e11988. [PMID: 33437543 PMCID: PMC7793423 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.11988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise-induced hypertension (EIH) is defined as elevated blood pressure (BP) > 190mm Hg for females and > 210 mmHg for males during exercise. EIH is prevalent among athletes and healthy individuals with no cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. While previous data corroborates exercise in reducing hypertension and cardiovascular risk, the development of EIH and its attendant cardiovascular risk necessitates a review of the pathophysiological mechanisms resulting in EIH. To date, these mechanisms causing EIH are not fully understood, nor are there any established guidelines on the management of EIH. In this article, we discuss in detail the pathophysiological mechanisms, the prognostic value, clinical implications, possible treatment, and future directions in managing EIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linha Lina M Mohammed
- Miscellaneous, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Meera Dhavale
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Mohamed K Abdelaal
- Surgery/General and Visceral Surgery, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - A B M Nasibul Alam
- Miscellaneous, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Tatjana Blazin
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Dhruvil Prajapati
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Jihan A Mostafa
- Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, California Institute of Behavorial Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
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Ignácio ZM, da Silva RS, Plissari ME, Quevedo J, Réus GZ. Physical Exercise and Neuroinflammation in Major Depressive Disorder. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:8323-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01670-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Leggio M, Fusco A, Limongelli G, Sgorbini L. Exercise training in patients with pulmonary and systemic hypertension: A unique therapy for two different diseases. Eur J Intern Med 2018; 47:17-24. [PMID: 28911936 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension is a potentially life-threatening condition. Given its evolving definition, the incidence and prevalence of the disease is difficult to define, but registries suggest an increased global awareness. The management of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension is highly specialised and requires multi-disciplinary input from a range of healthcare professionals, including cardiologists, respiratory physicians, rheumatologists, rehabilitation physicians and cardio-pulmonary physiotherapists. Historically, exercise training in pulmonary hypertension has not been recommended because of safety concerns. However, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated the benefit of exercise training on exercise capacity, peak oxygen consumption and quality of life. Systemic hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular disease, and has been ranked as the leading cause for death and disability worldwide: therefore, adequate control of blood pressure is important for public health. Lowering of blood pressure and prevention of hypertension is in first instance preferable by lifestyle changes. These include weight loss, moderation of alcohol intake, a diet with increased fresh fruit and vegetables, reduced saturated fat, reduced salt intake, reduced stress, and, finally, increased physical activity. With regard to the latter, former guidelines predominantly recommended aerobic exercises such as walking, jogging, and cycling for lowering blood pressure. The main focus of this narrative overview paper is to briefly examine and summarize the benefit of exercise training in patients with pulmonary and systemic hypertension, suggest mechanisms by which exercise may improve symptoms and function and provide evidence-based recommendations regarding the frequency and intensity of exercise in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Leggio
- Department of Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cardiac Rehabilitation Operative Unit, San Filippo Neri Hospital - Salus Infirmorum Clinic, Rome, Italy.
| | - Augusto Fusco
- Physical Medicine and Neurorehabilitation Operative Unit, Salus Infirmorum Clinic, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Limongelli
- Department of Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cardiac Rehabilitation Operative Unit, Santo Spirito Hospital - Villa Betania Clinic, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Sgorbini
- Department of Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cardiac Rehabilitation Operative Unit, Santo Spirito Hospital - Villa Betania Clinic, Rome, Italy
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