Comparison of isolated venous approach with the standard approach in children undergoing patent ductus arteriosus device closure

Transcatheter device closure of patent ductus arteriosus by exclusive venous access under echocardiographic guidance without angiography

INTRODUCTION

The standard transcatheter technique to profile the patent ductus arteriosus requires arterial access through the femoral artery and is associated with arterial complications, longer fluoroscopic time, contrast volume, and longer hospital stay.

AIM OF THE STUDY

To compare exclusive transvenous access with the standard procedures for patent ductus arteriosus closure and evaluate whether exclusive venous approach is a safe and effective alternative.

METHODS

A total of 320 patients were included. A detailed echocardiographic evaluation of the duct morphology was performed. Patients were classified into group 1 included patients who underwent exclusive femoral venous access, without any injections of contrast media and group 2 included patients who underwent arterial and venous access.

RESULTS

Arterial access was achieved in 210 (65.6%). Successful closure of patent ductus arteriosus was achieved in 109 (99.1%) patients in group 1 and in 203 (96.7%) patients in group 2. The patent ductus arteriosus was large and was referred for surgical closure in one patient from group 1 and 7 patients from group 2. Residual patent ductus arteriosus was seen in 6 cases from group 1 (5.4%) and 12 patients from group 2 (5.7%). None of the cases in group 1 had vascular complications, while vascular complications were seen in 20 cases, all of them in group 2 (9.5%). Nonvascular complications were seen in one patient from group 1 (0.9%) and 15 patients in group 2 (7.1%). The procedure time and fluoroscopy times were less in patients with exclusive transvenous access.

CONCLUSION

Patent ductus arteriosus device closure without arterial access can be accomplished safely and effectively.