Retrospective analysis of biochemical markers in COVID-19 intensive care unit patients

Prognostic models in COVID-19 infection that predict severity: a systematic review

Current evidence on COVID-19 prognostic models is inconsistent and clinical applicability remains controversial. We performed a systematic review to summarize and critically appraise the available studies that have developed, assessed and/or validated prognostic models of COVID-19 predicting health outcomes. We searched six bibliographic databases to identify published articles that investigated univariable and multivariable prognostic models predicting adverse outcomes in adult COVID-19 patients, including intensive care unit (ICU) admission, intubation, high-flow nasal therapy (HFNT), extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and mortality. We identified and assessed 314 eligible articles from more than 40 countries, with 152 of these studies presenting mortality, 66 progression to severe or critical illness, 35 mortality and ICU admission combined, 17 ICU admission only, while the remaining 44 studies reported prediction models for mechanical ventilation (MV) or a combination of multiple outcomes. The sample size of included studies varied from 11 to 7,704,171 participants, with a mean age ranging from 18 to 93 years. There were 353 prognostic models investigated, with area under the curve (AUC) ranging from 0.44 to 0.99. A great proportion of studies (61.5%, 193 out of 314) performed internal or external validation or replication. In 312 (99.4%) studies, prognostic models were reported to be at high risk of bias due to uncertainties and challenges surrounding methodological rigor, sampling, handling of missing data, failure to deal with overfitting and heterogeneous definitions of COVID-19 and severity outcomes. While several clinical prognostic models for COVID-19 have been described in the literature, they are limited in generalizability and/or applicability due to deficiencies in addressing fundamental statistical and methodological concerns. Future large, multi-centric and well-designed prognostic prospective studies are needed to clarify remaining uncertainties.

THE EFFECT OF COVID-19 INFECTION ON THE INCIDENCE OF THE RENAL ABNORMALITY FOR THE PATIENT ADMITTED IN TO THE COMMUNICABLE DISEASE UNITE AT AL-HAKEEM HOSPITAL

OBJECTIVE

The aim: To predict the effect of COVID-19 virus on the incidence of the renal damage.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Materials and methods: A case-control study was designed and one hundred and twenty individual had been included, 60 were healthy volunteer without COVID disease and another 60 suffer from viral infection particularly COVID-19 (there diagnosis was based on the PCR results: the real time type of the PCR) and shows a clinical manifestation of renal abnormality. Both of the healthy and COVID individuals were further divided to males and females in order to predict the effect of the gender that might be related to correlation of renal with a COVID disease. Data and the result obtained from the blood sample was analyzed for measurement of the uric acid, urea, creatinine at Jabr Ibn Hayyan Medical University, Faculty of Medicine and the results obtained was statistically analyzed using SPSS software version 20.

RESULTS

Results: data showed that about half of the result obtained showed the renal damage and the other is unrelated to the viral infection. Male are more exposed to the renal abnormalities caused by the viral infection than the females, no correlation were seen between the difference of the gender in relation to the viral infection and so in relation to the renal damage.

CONCLUSION

Conclusions: COVID-19 is one of the main prognostic factor that could induce an irreversible renal damage. This damage might be varied between acute to a chronic result that might ends with renal failure and death of the patient.