1
|
Analysis of the B2M Expression in Colon Adenocarcinoma and Its Correlation with Patient Prognosis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7264503. [PMID: 35982994 PMCID: PMC9381202 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7264503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is one of the most common malignant tumors in clinics. It is often found at an advanced stage, with high incidence and poor prognosis; early diagnosis is difficult and treatment methods are limited. In order to find new methods for diagnosis and treatment of COAD, people pay more and more attention to the discovery and functional research of new oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes of COAD. β2-microglobulin (B2M) plays different physiological and pathological roles in tumor cells and nontumor cells. At present, there is no public report on the expression of B2M in COAD. In this study, the expression of B2M mRNA in COAD tissues was compared with that in normal tissues. The relationship between the expression of B2M mRNA and the stage, histological subtype, lymph node metastasis, TP53 mutation, and survival time of COAD was discussed. It was found that B2M is a potential tumor suppressor gene in COAD. The decreased expression of B2M after mutation can cause immune escape of COAD cells, thus affecting the therapeutic effect and prognosis. This study provides a new idea for the prevention and treatment of COAD.
Collapse
|
2
|
Snahnicanova Z, Kasubova I, Kalman M, Grendar M, Mikolajcik P, Gabonova E, Laca L, Caprnda M, Rodrigo L, Ciccocioppo R, Kruzliak P, Plank L, Lasabova Z. Genetic and epigenetic analysis of the beta-2-microglobulin gene in microsatellite instable colorectal cancer. Clin Exp Med 2020; 20:87-95. [PMID: 31853669 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-019-00601-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
One of the most common mechanisms of immune evasion in MSI colorectal cancers (CRCs) is loss of HLA class I expression due to mutations in B2M gene which can become a negative predictor for checkpoint blockade therapy. The aim of this study was the determination of prevalence of B2M somatic mutations in MSI CRC patients and relationship between B2M mutations and lymphocytes infiltration and other clinicopathological features as well as detection of methylation changes in B2M promoter region which can be another mechanism of immune escape. In our study, 37 MSI-H and 5 MSI-L patients were selected for screening of B2M mutational and methylation status. The characterization of patients was based on standard histopathological diagnosis and TNM classification; BRAF, KRAS mutations, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and peritumoral lymphoid reaction were also determined. MSI analysis was performed using fragment analysis. B2M mutations were identified by Sanger sequencing, and methylation of CpG islands in promoter region was detected by methylation-specific PCR. Heterozygous mutations in the B2M gene were detected in five MSI-H patients (13.5%), while the mutation c.45_48delTTCT was determined in four patients and mutation c.276delC was found in two patients. One of these five patients was compound heterozygote harboring both mutations. Methylation of the promoter region of the B2M gene was observed in one patient with MSI-H colorectal cancer. Detection of genetic and epigenetic changes in B2M gene could be important in personalized therapy for CRC patients as these changes may be one of the mechanisms of secondary resistance of MSI positive tumors to immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Snahnicanova
- Division of Oncology, Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4, 036 01, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Ivana Kasubova
- Division of Oncology, Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4, 036 01, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Michal Kalman
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Marian Grendar
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Peter Mikolajcik
- Clinic of Surgery and Transplant Center, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Eva Gabonova
- Clinic of Surgery and Transplant Center, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Ludovit Laca
- Clinic of Surgery and Transplant Center, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Martin Caprnda
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Luis Rodrigo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Central University Hospital of Asturias (HUCA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Rachele Ciccocioppo
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Integrata Policlinico GB Rossi, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Peter Kruzliak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Brothers of Mercy Hospital, Polní 553/3, 63900, Brno, Czech Republic.
- 2nd Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Lukas Plank
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Zora Lasabova
- Division of Oncology, Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4, 036 01, Martin, Slovakia.
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapy remains a hot topic with an endless stream of new upcoming clinical trials. The results of studies to date are promising for second-line palliative treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The next step is testing these strategies in randomized trials for first-line and curative treatment in an adjuvant, neoadjuvant, and primarily nonsurgical setting. So far, established biomarkers have not proven reliable enough to predict response rates precisely. OBJECTIVES On occasion of the annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), we aimed to invesitage the future of immunotherapies. METHODS We collected the most promising upcoming studies alongside current research in the field of biomarkers with a view to interesting new immunotherapeutic strategies. RESULTS The search for appropriate biomarkers in particular seems to be a central research objective in the short term. There is a broad range of new agents that will be tested in clinical trials as well as the combination of immunotherapy with chemo- and chemoradiotherapy or other immune-modulating drugs. CONCLUSION The real challenge will be to find the most fitting therapy for each patient out of a large panel of available regimens. Therefore, it is most important to find a set of reliable biomarkers that together could predict treatment response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Döscher
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde und Kopf-Hals-Chirurgie, Universitätsklinik Ulm, Frauensteige 12, 89070, Ulm, Deutschland.
| | - C-J Busch
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde und Kopf-Hals-Chirurgie und Onkologie, Kopf-Hals-Tumorzentrum des UCCH, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - P J Schuler
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde und Kopf-Hals-Chirurgie, Universitätsklinik Ulm, Frauensteige 12, 89070, Ulm, Deutschland
| | - S Laban
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde und Kopf-Hals-Chirurgie, Universitätsklinik Ulm, Frauensteige 12, 89070, Ulm, Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|