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Li Q, Li J, Song S, Chen W, Shen X, Li S, Xing D. Nanoparticle-mediated tumor vaccines for personalized therapy: preparing tumor antigens in vivo or ex vivo? J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:2352-2366. [PMID: 33659970 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02915g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Tumor vaccines, focusing on tailoring individual tumor antigens, have gained much attention in personalized tumor therapy. Recently, breakthroughs have been made in the development of tumor vaccines thanks to the progress in nanotechnology. We will summarize nanoparticle-mediated tumor vaccines for personalized therapy in this review. ROS/heat generating nanoparticles and molecules could induce immunogenic cell death and tumor antigen release in vivo. This strategy often includes chemotherapy, radiotherapy, photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, magneto-thermal therapy, etc. On the other hand, ex vivo technologies have been applied for processing of tumor cells/tissues to form effective tumor antigens, in which nanotechnology has shown very good prospects in delivering tumor antigens. In in vivo and ex vivo strategies, nanotechnology also could improve the immune effect through enhancing the uptake by targeting cells, reducing therapeutic drugs/agents, further encapsulating immuno-modulatory molecules or combining with other therapy treatments. Thus, therapeutic vaccines based on nanoparticles have the potential to enhance the immune response and reduce the side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China and Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jia Li
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Sha Song
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Wujun Chen
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xin Shen
- Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China and CP Pharmaceutical (Qingdao) Co., Ltd, Qingdao, 266426, China.
| | - Suming Li
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM-UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, ENSCM,CNRS, 34095 Montpellier, France.
| | - Dongming Xing
- Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China and Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, China and School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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