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Wahida A, Buschhorn L, Fröhling S, Jost PJ, Schneeweiss A, Lichter P, Kurzrock R. The coming decade in precision oncology: six riddles. Nat Rev Cancer 2023; 23:43-54. [PMID: 36434139 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-022-00529-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
High-throughput methods to investigate tumour omic landscapes have quickly catapulted cancer specialists into the precision oncology era. The singular lesson of precision oncology might be that, for it to be precise, treatment must be personalized, as each cancer's complex molecular and immune landscape differs from patient to patient. Transformative therapies include those that are targeted at the sequelae of molecular abnormalities or at immune mechanisms, and, increasingly, pathways previously thought to be undruggable have become druggable. Critical to applying precision medicine is the concept that the right combination of drugs must be chosen for each patient and used at the right stage of the disease. Multiple puzzles remain that complicate therapy choice, including evidence that deleterious mutations are common in normal tissues and non-malignant conditions. The host's role is also likely to be key in determining treatment response, especially for immunotherapy. Indeed, maximizing the impact of immunotherapy will require omic analyses to match the right immune-targeted drugs to the individualized patient and tumour setting. In this Perspective, we discuss six key riddles that must be solved to optimize the application of precision oncology to otherwise lethal malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Wahida
- Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
- Medical Department III for Hematology and Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- Division of Gynecological Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Lars Buschhorn
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- Division of Gynecological Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Stefan Fröhling
- Division of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philipp J Jost
- Division of Clinical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Schneeweiss
- Division of Gynecological Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Lichter
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Razelle Kurzrock
- WIN Consortium, Paris, France.
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
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Tang M, Lee CK, Lewis CR, Boyer M, Brown B, Schaffer A, Pearson SA, Simes RJ. Generalizability of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Trials to Real-world Patients with Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Lung Cancer 2022; 166:40-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2022.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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