1
|
Soll R, Greenberg T, Dolev M, Kalron A. The association between bladder dysfunction, balance and falls in women with multiple sclerosis: The specific contribution of fear of falling. Gait Posture 2021; 88:252-257. [PMID: 34130094 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2021.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bladder dysfunction is the most common autonomic disturbance in people with MS (PwMS). Only a few studies have examined the relationship between bladder dysfunction and falls in PwMS. Bladder dysfunction has been deemed only a secondary outcome measure, and classified by a gross measure providing a limited perspective of this disturbing symptom. Furthermore, no study to date has focused on the relationship between bladder dysfunction and balance performance in PwMS. RESEARCH QUESTION Determine the relationship between bladder dysfunction with balance, falls and fear of falling in women with MS. METHODS The study was observational, including 44 women with MS, mean age 46.3 (SD = 5.7), all with at least a mild bladder dysfunction. Outcome measures included the Urinary Incontinence Quality of Life Scale (I-QoL), Bladder Control Scale (BLCS), Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), Four Square Step Test (FSST), Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I), Falls status, and posturography. RESULTS Participants performed the TUG in 14.1 s (S.D. = 11.1), and the FSST in 20.5 s (S.D. = 22.4). A relatively large proportion (68.2 %) of women was classified as fallers. However, no differences were found between those classified as fallers (n = 30) or non-fallers (n = 14) in terms of the I-QoL and the BLCS, controlling for age, EDSS and number of vaginal deliveries. Significant correlations scores were found between the I-QoL, BLCS and FES-I (rho ∼0.47), while controlling for age, EDSS and number of vaginal deliveries. No associations were demonstrated between the bladder dysfunction outcome scores and either the TUG and/or FSST. SIGNIFICANCE Women afflicted with MS and suffering from bladder dysfunction tend to fall and present with more balance difficulties compared with disability-matched PwMS. Nevertheless, once bladder dysfunction is detected, the perceived severity of the condition is not associated with balance and prevalence of falling, but rather on fear of falling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rotem Soll
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Temima Greenberg
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mark Dolev
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Alon Kalron
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lamerton TJ, Mielke GI, Brown WJ. Urinary incontinence in young women: Risk factors, management strategies, help-seeking behavior, and perceptions about bladder control. Neurourol Urodyn 2020; 39:2284-2292. [PMID: 32805080 DOI: 10.1002/nau.24483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim was to describe the characteristics of young adult women who report urinary incontinence (UI), the types of UI they experience, the strategies they use or consider important for managing UI, and help-seeking behavior. METHODS Data were from the 1989-1995 Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health cohort (n = 8457) at age 22 to 27 (in 2017). Descriptive statistics were used to summarize: characteristics of young women who experience UI; the types of UI they experience; which strategies women use to manage UI; perceptions of bladder control; and the proportion of women who seek help (and reasons why not). Prevalence ratios for UI according to sample characteristics were calculated using Poisson regression models. RESULTS At age 22 to 27, 11% (n = 986) of young women reported UI in the past month. Compared with women who did not have UI, those reporting UI were 7 kg heavier on average and were more likely to be in the obese body mass index category, report high psychological distress, and have at least one child. Most women with UI reported mixed symptoms of UI (stress and urge), and used a combination of strategies to self-manage UI symptoms. Only one in five women had sought help or advice from a healthcare professional. CONCLUSIONS Obesity, parity, and high psychological distress are strong correlates of UI in young women. As the majority of women with UI do not seek help, the antenatal period may be a critical time for healthcare providers to identify those at risk, and encourage early prevention or effective management strategies. As physical activity is positively associated with better outcomes for obesity and psychological distress, there may also be concurrent improvements in UI if these issues are addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tayla J Lamerton
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gregore I Mielke
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Wendy J Brown
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Schreiber Pedersen L, Lose G, Høybye MT, Jürgensen M, Waldmann A, Rudnicki M. Predictors and reasons for help-seeking behavior among women with urinary incontinence. Int Urogynecol J 2017; 29:521-530. [PMID: 28780650 DOI: 10.1007/s00192-017-3434-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS The aim of the study was to evaluate the predictors and reasons for help-seeking behavior among women with urinary incontinence (UI) in Germany and Denmark. METHODS This international postal survey was conducted in 2014. In each country, 4,000 women of at least 18 years of age were randomly selected. The questionnaires included validated items regarding help-seeking behavior and the ICIQ-UI SF. UI was defined as any involuntary loss of urine. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to assess factors predicting help-seeking behavior. Reasons for seeking or not seeking help were evaluated in terms of the severity of UI and as the most frequently reported. RESULTS Of 1,063 Danish women with UI, 25.3% had consulted a physician compared with 31.4% of 786 German women with UI (p = 0.004). The severity and duration of UI, and actively seeking information regarding UI, were significant independent predictors of help-seeking behavior. Women with slight/moderate UI did not seek help because they did not consider UI as a problem, whereas of women with severe/very severe UI, German women reported that other illnesses were more important and Danish women reported that they did not have enough resources to consult a physician. CONCLUSIONS Only a small proportion of women with UI had consulted a physician, and the driving forces for help-seeking behavior were severity and duration of UI and actively seeking information regarding UI. Public information campaigns might enhance consultation rates providing that passively receiving and actively seeking information have the same effects on help-seeking behavior. We show for the first time that reasons for not consulting a physician for UI vary depending on the severity of the UI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louise Schreiber Pedersen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Herlev Gentofte University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK 2730, Herlev, Denmark.
| | - Gunnar Lose
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Herlev Gentofte University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK 2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Mette Terp Høybye
- Interdisciplinary Research Unit, Elective Surgery Center, Silkeborg Hospital, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Martina Jürgensen
- Institute for the History of Medicine and Science Studies, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Annika Waldmann
- Institute for Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Universitätsklinikums Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Lübeck, Germany.,Authority for Health and Consumer Protection, Hamburg Cancer Registry, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Rudnicki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nonbiologic factors that impact management in women with urinary incontinence: review of the literature and findings from a National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases workshop. Int Urogynecol J 2017; 28:1295-1307. [PMID: 28674734 DOI: 10.1007/s00192-017-3400-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS Urinary incontinence (UI)-defined as a complaint of involuntary loss of urine-is common in women, with major public health, financial, and quality of life (QoL) implications. Despite the high toll of UI and the availability of effective conservative treatments, many women with UI do not seek care. Those who do often continue to experience symptoms. Improving UI treatment may require a comprehensive approach to urology research, including a broad set of potentially influential factors beyond biologic. METHODS To explore the effects of nonbiologic factors (NBF) on UI management and treatment response, the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases convened a workshop for clinical and psychosocial researchers. Participants proposed a UI treatment pathway: recognizing the problem, willingness to seek treatment, access to care, receiving quality treatment, engaging in self-management, and adhering to chosen treatments; discussed potential NBFs that may affect the pathway; and identified areas for future research. After the meeting, a rapid literature review was conducted to assess the current state of research on NBFs in women with UI. RESULTS Participants identified several patient-level NBFs that may influence the UI management pathway, including QoL and perceived bother; stigma, shame, and embarrassment; knowledge and perceptions; social determinants of health; cultural and language characteristics; personal characteristics and skills; and physical abilities. Additionally, participants acknowledged that provider- and system-level factors also play a role and likely interact with patient-level factors. CONCLUSIONS NBFs that potentially affect the UI management pathway are not well understood, and a comprehensive, interdisciplinary approach to research is needed to understand and appropriately support effective UI treatment.
Collapse
|
5
|
Kılıç M. Incidence and risk factors of urinary incontinence in women visiting Family Health Centers. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:1331. [PMID: 27563526 PMCID: PMC4980849 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2965-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background The objective of this study is to determine the incidence and the risk factors of the urinary incontinence in women visiting the Health Family Center. Methods 430 women, who visited three Family Health Centers in the city center of Erzurum for any reason between 25 November and 20 January 2016, were included in this study without any sampling. The data were collected by using the face-to-face interview method. Percentage distribution, Chi square test, and logistic regression analysis were used in order to analyze the data. Results It was determined that 37.2 % of these women had urinary incontinence, but only 29.3 % of them visited a physician because of this complaint. Among a total of 160 women with urinary incontinence findings, stress type incontinence was observed at the highest rate (33.7 %), which was followed by mixed type (31.8 %), urge type (20.6 %) and other types (overflow, continuous urinary incontinence) (13.7 %). It was found that urinary incontinence had a significant correlation with the number of children, genital prolapse, duration of delivery longer than 24 h, diabetes and urogenital infection, but not with the age at the first and last childbirth, presence of the episiotomy, birth weight over 4 kg, and smoking. Conclusions It was determined that one-third of the women had urinary incontinence and certain medical and obstetric conditions were affecting the development of urinary incontinence. It is thought that it is important for the healthcare personnel to take the progression of the urinary incontinence under control by preventing the risk factors and to encourage the patients to seek treatment with the help of the proper information indicating that urinary incontinence is a treatable and preventable condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meral Kılıç
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
BILGIC D, KIZILKAYA BEJI N, OZBAS A, CAVDAR I, ASLAN E, YALCIN O. Coping and Help-Seeking Behaviors for Management of Urinary Incontinence. Low Urin Tract Symptoms 2015; 9:134-141. [DOI: 10.1111/luts.12120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dilek BILGIC
- Department of Midwifery; Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Health Science; Sivas Turkey
| | | | - Ayfer OZBAS
- Department of Surgical Nursing; Istanbul University Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Ikbal CAVDAR
- Department of Surgical Nursing; Istanbul University Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Ergul ASLAN
- Biruni University Faculty of Health Sciences; İstanbul Turkey
| | - Onay YALCIN
- Division of Urogynecology, Department of Obstetric and Gynecology; Istanbul University Istanbul School of Medicine; Istanbul Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
|
8
|
McKenzie S, St John W, Wallis M, Griffiths S. Men's management of urinary incontinence in daily living: implications for practice. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGICAL NURSING 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-771x.2012.01167.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
9
|
Abstract
A panel of experts in urology, urogynecology, nursing, and behavioral therapy convened in 2010 to discuss the importance of a healthy bladder on overall health. They determined that a consensus statement was necessary to raise awareness among the general public, healthcare providers, payors, and policymakers, with the goals of minimizing the impact of poor bladder health and stimulating primary prevention of bladder conditions. In this statement, 'healthy' bladder function is described, as well as internal and external factors that influence bladder health. It is suggested that primary prevention strategies should be aimed at providing education regarding normal lower urinary tract structures and functioning to the public, including patients and healthcare providers. This education may promote the achievement of optimal bladder health by increasing healthy bladder habits and behaviors, awareness of risk factors, healthcare seeking, and clinician engagement and reducing stigma and other barriers to treatment. Promoting optimal bladder health may reduce the personal, societal and economic impact of bladder conditions, including anxiety and depression and costs associated with conditions or diseases and their treatment. While adopting healthy bladder habits and behaviors and behaviors may improve or maintain bladder health, it is important to recognize that certain symptoms may indicate the presence of conditions that require medical attention; many bladder conditions are treatable with a range of options for most bladder conditions. Lastly, the authors propose clinical directives based on persuasive and convergent research to improve and maintain bladder health. The authors hope that this statement will lead to promotion and achievement of optimal bladder health, which may improve overall health and help minimize the effects of bladder conditions on the public, healthcare professionals, educators, employers, and payors. The advisors are in consensus regarding the recommendations for improving and maintaining bladder health presented herein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E S Lukacz
- University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92037, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Townsend MK, Jura YH, Curhan GC, Resnick NM, Grodstein F. Fluid intake and risk of stress, urgency, and mixed urinary incontinence. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2011; 205:73.e1-6. [PMID: 21481835 PMCID: PMC3135667 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2011.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2010] [Revised: 01/23/2011] [Accepted: 02/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated the relation between total fluid intake and incident urinary incontinence in the Nurses' Health Study cohorts. STUDY DESIGN We measured daily fluid intake using food frequency questionnaires among 65,167 women, who were 37-79 years old, without urinary incontinence at study baseline (2000-2001). Women reported incontinence incidence on questionnaires during 4 years of follow-up evaluation. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated with Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS We found no association between total fluid intake and risk of incident incontinence (hazard ratio, 1.04; 95% confidence interval, 0.98-1.10; comparing top vs bottom quintile of fluid intake). In analyses of incontinence type, total fluid intake was not associated with risks of incident stress, urgency, or mixed incontinence. CONCLUSION No significant risk of incident urinary incontinence was found with higher fluid intake in women. These findings suggest that women should not restrict their fluid intake to prevent incontinence development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary K Townsend
- Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Quality of life in multiple sclerosis patients with urinary disorders: reliability and validity of the Turkish version of King’s Health Questionnaire. Neurol Sci 2011; 32:417-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-011-0484-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2009] [Accepted: 01/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
12
|
Elstad EA, Maserejian NN, McKinlay JB, Tennstedt SL. Fluid manipulation among individuals with lower urinary tract symptoms: a mixed methods study. J Clin Nurs 2010; 20:156-65. [PMID: 21073582 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2010.03493.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVE To determine, qualitatively and quantitatively, how individuals use fluid manipulation to self-manage the urinary symptoms of daytime frequency, urgency and urine leakage and the underlying rationale for this behaviour. BACKGROUND Lower urinary tract symptoms are prevalent and burdensome, and little is known about how individuals with lower urinary tract symptoms manipulate their fluid intake. DESIGN A mixed methods design included statistical analysis of data from a population-based survey of urologic symptoms and qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews. METHOD Quantitative data came from 5503 participants of the baseline Boston Area Community Health Survey, a population-based, random sample epidemiologic survey of urologic symptoms. Qualitative data came from in-depth interviews with a random subsample from Boston Area Community Health of 152 black, white and Hispanic men and women with LUTS. RESULTS Qualitative data showed that some respondents restricted fluid intake while others increased it, in both cases with the expectation of improved symptoms. Quantitative data showed that fluid intake was greater in men and women reporting frequency (p < 0·001). Women with frequency drank significantly more water (p < 0·001), while women with urgency drank significantly less water (p = 0·047). CONCLUSIONS This study found divergent expectations of the role of fluids in alleviating symptoms, leading some individuals to restrict and others to increase fluid intake. Individuals with lower urinary tract symptoms may need guidance in fluid management. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Nurses should be aware that patients may self-manage lower urinary tract symptoms by restricting fluid intake, putting them at risk for dehydration, constipation and urinary tract infection, but also that they may be increasing their fluid intake, which could worsen symptoms. This study pinpoints a specific area of need among patients with lower urinary tract symptoms and provides a practical opportunity for nurses to assist their patients with behavioural and fluid management by emphasising the clinical guidelines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Elstad
- Department of Health Behavior & Health Education, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Daily-living management of urinary incontinence: a synthesis of the literature. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs 2010; 37:80-90. [PMID: 20075696 DOI: 10.1097/won.0b013e3181c68f9d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This article is an integrative review of the research literature on daily-living management of urinary incontinence (UI) by people who live in the community. While most self-management literature investigates how people self-manage clinical treatments and therapies, this article focuses on how UI symptoms are managed in everyday living to maintain social functioning. Control of UI in everyday living is achieved using a range of strategies, which were identified and conceptualized as containing, restricting, concealing, and modifying. Understanding the strategies people use to manage UI in daily life will enable WOC and continence nurses to provide more appropriate and personally tailored advice.
Collapse
|
14
|
Hale S, Grogan S, Willott S. “Getting on with it”: Women's Experiences of Coping with Urinary Tract Problems. QUALITATIVE RESEARCH IN PSYCHOLOGY 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/14780880701876882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
15
|
Smith MD, Russell A, Hodges PW. Do Incontinence, Breathing Difficulties, and Gastrointestinal Symptoms Increase the Risk of Future Back Pain? THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2009; 10:876-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2009.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2008] [Revised: 01/20/2009] [Accepted: 03/04/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
16
|
Byles J, Millar CJ, Sibbritt DW, Chiarelli P. Living with urinary incontinence: a longitudinal study of older women. Age Ageing 2009; 38:333-8; discussion 251. [PMID: 19258398 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afp013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND urinary incontinence carries major social burden and considerable costs for health care systems. OBJECTIVE the aim of this study was to investigate changes in continence status among a large cohort of older women, and to identify factors associated with incidence of incontinence in later life. SUBJECTS participants of the Australian Longitudinal Study of Women's Health (ALSWH), aged 70-75 years in 1996 and who have completed four health surveys over the past 10 years. METHODS continence status across four survey periods, spanning 9 years, were defined according to women's reports of 'leaking urine' at each survey. Generalised estimating equation (GEE) models were used in longitudinal analyses of the factors associated with changing continence status over time. RESULTS this study presents longitudinal data on the prevalence and incidence of incontinence from a large cohort of older women, over 9 years of follow-up. Over this time, 14.6% (95% CI 13.9-15.3) of the women in the study who had previously reported leaking urine 'rarely' or 'never' developed incontinence, and 27.2% (95% CI 26.2%, 28.3%) of women participating in Survey 4 (S4) in 2005 reported leaking urine 'sometimes' or 'often' at that survey, with women being twice as likely to report incontinence at S4 as they were 6 years earlier. Longitudinal models demonstrated the association between incontinence and dementia (P < 0.001; OR = 2.34; 95% CI 1.64, 3.34), dissatisfaction with physical ability (P < 0.001; OR = 1.70; 95% CI 1.52, 1.89), falls to the ground (P <0.001; OR = 1.23; 95% CI 1.13, 1.33), BMI (P < 0.001; OR = 2.18; 95% CI 1.70, 2.80 for obese), constipation (P < 0.001; OR 1.46; 95% CI 1.34-1.58), urinary tract infection (P < 0.001; OR 2.07; 95% CI 1.89-2.28), history of prolapse (P </= 0.001; OR = 1.53; 95% CI 1.35, 1.74) and prolapse repair (P = 0.002; OR = 1.23; 95% CI 1.08, 1.40). Stroke (P = 0.01), parity (P = 0.017) and hysterectomy (P = 0.026) and number of visits to the general practitioner (P = 0.040) were less strongly associated with incontinence in the final longitudinal model. Incontinence was not significantly associated with area of residence (P = 0.344), education (P = 0.768), smoking (P = 0.055), diabetes (P = 0.072), attending support groups (P = 0.464) or attending social groups (P = 0.022). CONCLUSION strong associations between BMI, dysuria and constipation indicate key opportunities to prevent incontinence among older women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Byles
- Research Centre for Gender, Health and Ageing, School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chiarelli PE, Mackenzie LA, Osmotherly PG. Urinary incontinence is associated with an increase in falls: a systematic review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 55:89-95. [DOI: 10.1016/s0004-9514(09)70038-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
18
|
Shaw C, Brittain K, Tansey R, Williams K. How people decide to seek health care: a qualitative study. Int J Nurs Stud 2008; 45:1516-24. [PMID: 18241871 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2007.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2007] [Revised: 11/28/2007] [Accepted: 11/30/2007] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is considerable variation in service use, with overuse in conditions such as upper respiratory tract infections and high levels of unmet need in older patients with embarrassing conditions such as incontinence. The reasons for this situation are varied but to facilitate appropriate accessing of services the decision processes involved in help-seeking require greater understanding. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to describe the decision making process for help-seeking in middle and older aged people with urinary storage symptoms. METHODS In-depth qualitative interviews were carried out with 33 men and women who had sought medical care for urinary symptoms. Respondents were recruited from an epidemiological study of the prevalence of urinary symptoms in community dwelling adults aged 40 years and over. Questions were directed at help-seeking for urinary symptoms as well as help-seeking in general. Interviews were audio-taped and a thematic analysis carried out according to grounded theory methods. RESULTS The steps in the decision process to seek medical care were drawn from the data. These consisted of appraisals of the presence and cause of symptoms, treatment options and the severity of symptoms and their impact on quality of life. Once the level of threat of the symptom was established, the costs and benefits of treatments and services were balanced against the perceived impact of symptoms on quality of life. These results were considered in relation to available models of health behaviour. CONCLUSIONS Interventions that increase individuals' active involvement in their health care and which encourage greater knowledge of symptoms and outcomes will facilitate appropriate help-seeking and service use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Shaw
- Faculty of Health, Sport and Science, University of Glamorgan,Pontypridd, Newport, Gwent CF37 1DL, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
|
20
|
Abstract
Incontinence is a highly stigmatizing condition. This article explores the dynamics of stigmatization in interpersonal interactions from the perspective of both individuals who are stigmatized and individuals who are not stigmatized. When people who are stigmatized and nonstigmatized interact with each other, both experience threats to self-esteem, but for different reasons. Individuals who are stigmatized may experience self-esteem decrements because they feel that their group is devalued in the eyes of others. Those who are nonstigmatized may fear that their actions will be perceived as biased, thereby threatening their self-image as an unprejudiced person. Individuals who are stigmatized and nonstigmatized act in ways that make their worst fears more than likely come true. Ways that nurses can facilitate ending this cycle with patients who are incontinent are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie A Garcia
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Avery JC, Gill TK, MacLennan AH, Chittleborough CR, Grant JF, Taylor AW. The impact of incontinence on health-related quality of life in a South Australian population sample. Aust N Z J Public Health 2004; 28:173-9. [PMID: 15233358 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-842x.2004.tb00932.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess prevalence of incontinence in a South Australian representative population sample and compare the health-related quality-of-life impact of incontinence with other chronic conditions. METHOD The 1998 South Australian Health Omnibus Survey interviewed 3,010 male and female respondents aged 15 to 97 years (response rate 70.2%). This representative population survey included questions to determine the prevalence of urinary (stress and urge), and anal (faecal and flatus) incontinence, and other chronic conditions. Respondents also completed the MOS SF-36 questionnaire. RESULTS Self-reported prevalence of all types of incontinence was 26.0%. The prevalence of anal and urinary incontinence were 10.5% and 20.3% respectively, with 4.8% of respondents experiencing both. Univariate analysis found the prevalence of incontinence was statistically significantly higher among females, and those who were older, widowed, had no post-school education, and lower incomes. After adjusting for differences in age and sex, it was found that people with incontinence were significantly impaired across all dimensions of the SF-36, scoring in the lowest 42% of the population, compared with those people without incontinence. People with incontinence exhibited different SF-36 profiles to those with other chronic conditions. CONCLUSIONS Incontinence is common in South Australia, affecting more than one-quarter of the population, particularly older women (56.2% for 60 years and over). The impact of incontinence on health-related quality of life is characteristically different to that demonstrated by other chronic conditions. IMPLICATIONS In an ageing population, identification of the impact of incontinence is necessary to direct policy development and resource allocation to this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jodie C Avery
- Population Research and Outcome Studies Unit, Department of Human Services, Adelaide, South Australia.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|