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Woof L, Cooper S, Kennedy CJ. The effects of SLICE®- and ivermectin-contaminated sediment on avoidance behaviour and oxygen consumption in marine benthic invertebrates. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 191:106155. [PMID: 37690394 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Pest management strategies to reduce sea lice infestations in the salmon aquaculture industry include in-feed treatments with ivermectin (IVM) and SLICE® (active ingredient [AI] emamectin benzoate [EMB]), which can result in local contamination of the environment. These compounds partition to sediments, have moderate persistence, and may pose a risk to non-target benthic organisms. The sub-lethal effects of EMB, IVM and a combination of both (EMB/IVM) on the benthic amphipod Eohaustorius estuarius and polychaete Nereis virens at environmentally relevant sediment concentrations were examined in subchronic exposures (28-30-d). E. estuarius avoided sediment containing >50 μg/kg IVM alone and in combination with EMB. N. virens avoided sediment with >50 μg/kg IVM and >0.5 μg/kg EMB/IVM and exhibited impaired burrowing and locomotory behaviour with both treatments. Oxygen consumption was significantly decreased in E. estuarius (up to 50% compared to controls) and increased in N. virens (by ∼ 200%) when exposed to EMB, IVM and EMB/IVM at concentrations <5 μg/kg. IVM, SLICE® and combination exposures at environmentally relevant concentrations caused adverse effects in E. estuarius and N. virens which could significantly alter organism fitness near salmon aquaculture operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay Woof
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stephanie Cooper
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christopher J Kennedy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.
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2
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Cardoso de Souza Z, Humberto Xavier Júnior F, Oliveira Pinheiro I, de Souza Rebouças J, Oliveira de Abreu B, Roberto Ribeiro Mesquita P, de Medeiros Rodrigues F, Costa Quadros H, Manuel Fernandes Mendes T, Nguewa P, Marques Alegretti S, Paiva Farias L, Rocha Formiga F. Ameliorating the antiparasitic activity of the multifaceted drug ivermectin through a polymer nanocapsule formulation. Int J Pharm 2023; 639:122965. [PMID: 37084836 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Ivermectin (IVM) is a potent antiparasitic widely used in human and veterinary medicine. However, the low oral bioavailability of IVM restricts its therapeutic potential in many parasitic infections, highlighting the need for novel formulation approaches. In this study, poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) nanocapsules containing IVM were successfully developed using the nanoprecipitation method. Pumpkin seed oil (PSO) was used as an oily core in the developed nanocapsules. Previously, PSO was chemically analyzed by headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS). The solubility of IVM in PSO was found to be 4,266.5 ± 38.6 μg/mL. In addition, the partition coefficient of IVM in PSO/water presented a logP of 2.44. A number of nanocapsule batches were produced by factorial design resulting in an optimized formulation. Negatively charged nanocapsules measuring around 400 nm demonstrated unimodal size distribution, and presented regular spherical morphology under transmission electron microscopy. High encapsulation efficiency (98-100%) was determined by HPLC. IVM-loaded capsules were found to be stable in nanosuspensions at 4°C and 25°C, with no significant variations in particle size observed over a period of 150 days. Nanoencapsulated IVM (0.3 mM) presented reduced toxicity to J774 macrophages and L929 fibroblasts compared to free IVM. Moreover, IVM-loaded nanocapsules also demonstrated enhanced in vitro anthelmintic activity against Strongyloides venezuelensis in comparison to free IVM. Collectively, the present findings demonstrate the promising potential of PCL-PSO nanocapsules to improve the antiparasitic effects exerted by IVM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilyane Cardoso de Souza
- Graduate Program in Applied Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Pernambuco (UPE), 50100-130, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Irapuan Oliveira Pinheiro
- Graduate Program in Applied Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Pernambuco (UPE), 50100-130, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Brenda Oliveira de Abreu
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Pernambuco (UPE), 50100-130 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Helenita Costa Quadros
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute (IGM), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), 40296-710 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | | | - Paul Nguewa
- University of Navarra, ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), 31009, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Silmara Marques Alegretti
- Departament of Animal Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Paiva Farias
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute (IGM), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), 40296-710 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Fabio Rocha Formiga
- Graduate Program in Applied Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Pernambuco (UPE), 50100-130, Recife, PE, Brazil; Aggeu Magalhães Institute (IAM), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil.
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3
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Velho MC, Fontana de Andrade D, Beck RCR. Ivermectin: recent approaches in the design of novel veterinary and human medicines. Pharm Dev Technol 2022; 27:865-880. [PMID: 36062978 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2022.2121840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Ivermectin (IVM) is a drug widely used in veterinary and human medicine for the management of parasitic diseases. Its repositioning potential has been recently considered for the treatment of different diseases, such as cancer and viral infections. However, IVM faces some limitations to its formulations due to its low water solubility and bioavailability, along with reports of drug resistance. In this sense, novel technological approaches have been explored to optimize its formulations and/or to develop innovative medicines. Therefore, this review discusses the strategies proposed in the last decade to improve the safety and efficacy of IVM and to explore its novel therapeutic applications. Among these technologies, the use of micro/nano-drug delivery systems is the most used approach, followed by long-acting formulations. In general, the development of these novel formulations seems to run side by side in veterinary and human health, showing a shared interface between the two areas. Although the technologies proposed indicate a promising future in the development of innovative dosage forms containing IVM, its safety and therapeutic targets must be further evaluated. Overall, these approaches comprise tailoring drug delivery profiles, decreasing the risks of developing drug resistance, and supporting the application of IVM for reaching different therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiara Callegaro Velho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Laboratório de Nanocarreadores e Impressão 3D em Tecnologia Farmacêutica (Nano3D), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre
| | - Diego Fontana de Andrade
- Departamento de Produção e Controle de Matéria-Prima, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Laboratório de Nanocarreadores e Impressão 3D em Tecnologia Farmacêutica (Nano3D), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre
| | - Ruy Carlos Ruver Beck
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Departamento de Produção e Controle de Medicamentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Laboratório de Nanocarreadores e Impressão 3D em Tecnologia Farmacêutica (Nano3D), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre
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Shim H, Sah H. Qualification of Non-Halogenated Organic Solvents Applied to Microsphere Manufacturing Process. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12050425. [PMID: 32384751 PMCID: PMC7285046 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12050425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As a non-halogenated dispersed solvent, ethyl acetate has been most commonly used for the manufacturing of poly-d,l-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) microspheres. However, ethyl acetate-based microencapsulation processes face several limitations. This study was aimed at proposing ethyl formate as an alternative. Evaluated in this study was the solvent qualification of ethyl formate and ethyl acetate for microencapsulation of a hydrophobic drug into PLGA microspheres. An oil-in-water emulsion solvent extraction technique was developed to load progesterone into PLGA microspheres. Briefly, right after emulsion droplets were temporarily stabilized, they were subject to primary solvent extraction. Appearing semisolid, embryonic microspheres were completely hardened through subsequent secondary solvent extraction. Changes in process parameters of the preparative technique made it possible to manipulate the properties of emulsion droplets, progesterone behavior, and microsphere quality. Despite the two solvents showing comparable Hansen solubility parameter distances toward PLGA, ethyl formate surpassed ethyl acetate in relation to volatility and water miscibility. These features served as advantages in the microsphere manufacturing process, helping produce PLGA microspheres with better quality in terms of drug crystallization, drug encapsulation efficiency, microsphere size homogeneity, and residual solvent content. The present ethyl formate-based preparative technique could be an attractive method of choice for the production of drug-loaded PLGA microspheres.
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Pisani S, Croce S, Chiesa E, Dorati R, Lenta E, Genta I, Bruni G, Mauramati S, Benazzo A, Cobianchi L, Morbini P, Caliogna L, Benazzo M, Avanzini MA, Conti B. Tissue Engineered Esophageal Patch by Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Optimization of Electrospun Patch Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051764. [PMID: 32143536 PMCID: PMC7084816 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim of work was to locate a simple, reproducible protocol for uniform seeding and optimal cellularization of biodegradable patch minimizing the risk of structural damages of patch and its contamination in long-term culture. Two seeding procedures are exploited, namely static seeding procedures on biodegradable and biocompatible patches incubated as free floating (floating conditions) or supported by CellCrownTM insert (fixed conditions) and engineered by porcine bone marrow MSCs (p-MSCs). Scaffold prototypes having specific structural features with regard to pore size, pore orientation, porosity, and pore distribution were produced using two different techniques, such as temperature-induced precipitation method and electrospinning technology. The investigation on different prototypes allowed achieving several implementations in terms of cell distribution uniformity, seeding efficiency, and cellularization timing. The cell seeding protocol in stating conditions demonstrated to be the most suitable method, as these conditions successfully improved the cellularization of polymeric patches. Furthermore, the investigation provided interesting information on patches’ stability in physiological simulating experimental conditions. Considering the in vitro results, it can be stated that the in vitro protocol proposed for patches cellularization is suitable to achieve homogeneous and complete cellularizations of patch. Moreover, the protocol turned out to be simple, repeatable, and reproducible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pisani
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.P.); (E.C.); (I.G.); (B.C.)
| | - Stefania Croce
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic & Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Enrica Chiesa
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.P.); (E.C.); (I.G.); (B.C.)
| | - Rossella Dorati
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.P.); (E.C.); (I.G.); (B.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Elisa Lenta
- Department of Paediatric Oncoaematology, IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.L.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Ida Genta
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.P.); (E.C.); (I.G.); (B.C.)
| | - Giovanna Bruni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Simone Mauramati
- Department of Surgery, Otolaryngologist section, IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.M.); (M.B.)
| | - Alberto Benazzo
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Lorenzo Cobianchi
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic & Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Patrizia Morbini
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine, IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Laura Caliogna
- Orthopaedic and Traumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Marco Benazzo
- Department of Surgery, Otolaryngologist section, IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.M.); (M.B.)
| | - Maria Antonietta Avanzini
- Department of Paediatric Oncoaematology, IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.L.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Bice Conti
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.P.); (E.C.); (I.G.); (B.C.)
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Kim S, Sah H. Merits of sponge-like PLGA microspheres as long-acting injectables of hydrophobic drug. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2019; 30:1725-1743. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2019.1659712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Seoyeon Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Central Research Institute, Whan in Pharm. Co. Ltd, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongkee Sah
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Chen BZ, Yang Y, Wang BB, Ashfaq M, Guo XD. Self-implanted tiny needles as alternative to traditional parenteral administrations for controlled transdermal drug delivery. Int J Pharm 2018; 556:338-348. [PMID: 30553955 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Controlled drug-delivery systems have potential as substitutes for traditional medication systems due to the advantages in safety, efficacy, and patient compliance that these long-acting dosage forms provide. In this context, the present study focus on the development of self-implanted hyaluronic acid (HA) tiny needles that encapsulate ivermectin (IVM)-poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microparticles for controlled transdermal IVM release to treat parasitic diseases. The fabricated tiny needles involved matching portable applicator have potentially able for self-administration by patients without intense pain or complexity of current controlled-release devices. The biodegradable IVM-loaded PLGA microparticles were prepared and encapsulated within the tip of dissolving HA tiny needles to achieve high delivery efficiency. The drug loading of tiny needles might be controlled by varying the repeat time of filling or pressing processes. In-vitro tests showed that the tiny needles have sufficient mechanical strength to be inserted into skin within seconds and, next rapidly dissolved to release the loaded drug carriers into subcutaneous tissues for intradermal sustained IVM release. With the in-vivo test in rats, the insertion site recovered barrier property within 3 h. In comparison to traditional hypodermic injection or implantation of controlled-release systems, the proposed polymer tiny needles can be considered as a promising device for controlled transdermal drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhi Chen
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Bei Bei Wang
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Mohammad Ashfaq
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Xin Dong Guo
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
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Lu M, Cai Y, Yang S, Wan Q, Pan B. A single subcutaneous administration of a sustained-release ivermectin suspension eliminates Psoroptes cuniculi infection in a rabbit farm. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2018; 44:2000-2004. [PMID: 30058406 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2018.1506474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoroptes cuniculi mites are the most common ear parasites infesting breeding female rabbits. The suffering rabbits show cutaneous signs of the infestation in the ears and are prone to secondary infections. OBJECTIVES This trial was conducted to eliminate P. cuniculi in farm rabbits with a sustained-release ivermectin-loaded solid dispersion suspension (IVM-SD) suspension, and studied the stability of the formulation. ANIMALS There were 986 breeding female Hyplus rabbits naturally infected with P. cuniculi. METHODS All rabbits infected with P. cuniculi were subcutaneously administered with a single dose of IVM-SD suspension at 2 mg/kg body weight. Twenty-seven rabbits with severe infections were observed daily and examined on days 0 and 14 to score the lesions and count mites in crusts. RESULTS Fourteen days after the treatment no live mites were detected, demonstrating 100% therapeutic efficacy. The mean lesion scores decreased from 4.33 to 0.11 in the left ears and from 4.22 to 0.22 in the right ears. No reinfection occurred within 60 days of treatment. CONCLUSIONS A single subcutaneous administration of the IVM-SD suspension at 2 mg/kg was effective in eliminating P. cuniculi infection in the rabbit farm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Lu
- a College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , Beijing , China.,b Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers and Liquid Biopsy , Pharmaceutical College of Henan University , Kaifeng , Henan Province , China
| | - Yunpeng Cai
- a College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , Beijing , China
| | - Shizhuang Yang
- a College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , Beijing , China
| | - Qiang Wan
- a College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , Beijing , China
| | - Baoliang Pan
- a College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , Beijing , China
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Dorati R, Conti B, Colzani B, Dondi D, Lazzaroni S, Modena T, Genta I. Ivermectin controlled release implants based on poly-D, l -lactide and poly-ε-caprolactone. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2018.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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