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Liu J, Wang L, He H, Liu Y, Jiang Y, Yang J. The Complex Role of Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy in Cancer Diseases. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2050. [PMID: 37509689 PMCID: PMC10377530 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11072050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is a process that rapidly degrades proteins labeled with KFERQ-like motifs within cells via lysosomes to terminate their cellular functioning. Meanwhile, CMA plays an essential role in various biological processes correlated with cell proliferation and apoptosis. Previous studies have shown that CMA was initially found to be procancer in cancer cells, while some theories suggest that it may have an inhibitory effect on the progression of cancer in untransformed cells. Therefore, the complex relationship between CMA and cancer has aroused great interest in the application of CMA activity regulation in cancer therapy. Here, we describe the basic information related to CMA and introduce the physiological functions of CMA, the dual role of CMA in different cancer contexts, and its related research progress. Further study on the mechanism of CMA in tumor development may provide novel insights for tumor therapy targeting CMA. This review aims to summarize and discuss the complex mechanisms of CMA in cancer and related potential strategies for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Hua He
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Yueying Liu
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Yiqun Jiang
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animal and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Jinfeng Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
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Li J, Chen H, Cai L, Guo D, Zhang D, Zhou X, Xie J. SDF-1α Promotes Chondrocyte Autophagy through CXCR4/mTOR Signaling Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021710. [PMID: 36675225 PMCID: PMC9867011 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
SDF-1α, the most common isoform of stromal cell-derived factor 1, has shown vital effects in regulating chondrocyte proliferation, maturation, and chondrogenesis. Autophagy is a highly conserved biological process to help chondrocytes survive in harsh environments. However, the effect of SDF-1α on chondrocyte autophagy is still unknown. This study aims to investigate the effect of SDF-1α on chondrocyte autophagy and the underlying biomechanism. Transmission electron microscope assays and mRFP-GFP-LC3 adenovirus double label transfection assays were performed to detect the autophagic flux of chondrocytes. Western blots and immunofluorescence staining assays were used to detect the expression of autophagy-related proteins in chondrocytes. RNA sequencing and qPCR were conducted to assess changes in autophagy-related mRNA expression. SDF-1α upregulated the number of autophagosomes and autolysosomes in chondrocytes. It also increased the expression of autophagy-related proteins including ULK-1, Beclin-1 and LC3B, and decreased the expression of p62, an autophagy substrate protein. SDF-1α-mediated autophagy of chondrocytes required the participation of receptor CXCR4. Moreover, SDF-1α-enhanced autophagy of chondrocytes was through the inhibition of phosphorylation of mTOR signaling on the upstream of autophagy. Knockdown by siRNA and inhibition by signaling inhibitor further confirmed the importance of the CXCR4/mTOR signaling axis in SDF-1α-induced autophagy of chondrocytes. For the first time, this study elucidated that SDF-1α promotes chondrocyte autophagy through the CXCR4/mTOR signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiazhou Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Daimo Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Demao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (J.X.); Tel.: +86-28-85501469 (X.Z.); +86-28-85503469 (J.X.); Fax: +86-28-85582167 (X.Z.)
| | - Jing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (J.X.); Tel.: +86-28-85501469 (X.Z.); +86-28-85503469 (J.X.); Fax: +86-28-85582167 (X.Z.)
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Kazakova D, Shimamura M, Kurashige T, Hamada K, Nagayama Y. Re-evaluation of the role of autophagy in thyroid cancer treatment. Endocr J 2022; 69:847-862. [PMID: 35197412 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej22-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have examined the role of autophagy in thyroid cancer treatment; however there are discrepancies among the reported data, with some showing the pro-survival and others the anti-survival effects of autophagy. These discrepant results appear to be at least in part due to insufficient analyses or data misinterpretation as well as improper assessments of autophagic activity. Therefore, the present study re-evaluated the regulation of autophagic activity by various anticancer modalities and examined the role of autophagy in thyroid cancer treatment in three thyroid cancer cell lines (TPC1, ACT1 and KTC1). The immunofluorescence and DalGreen findings demonstrated that cisplatin, irradiation and sorafenib were all autophagy inducers as previously reported, but, unlike previous studies using thyroid cancer cells, doxorubicin acted as an inhibitor. KTC1 cells are unique because they only responded to cisplatin. The efficacy of anticancer therapeutics was significantly higher in chloroquine or 3-methyladenine-treated autophagy-defective cells than in autophagy-competent cells, thereby indicating the pro-survival effect of autophagy induced by anticancer therapeutics, which is partly due to inhibition of apoptosis. Thus, the present findings relating to several anticancer therapeutics and three thyroid cancer cell lines demonstrate the pro-survival effect of autophagy in thyroid cancer treatment. Although the present study only involved cell lines, it provides evidence for the beneficial combination of the anticancer therapeutic modalities with autophagy inhibitors, and proposes that autophagy inhibitors may serve as a possible adjunctive therapy for thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darya Kazakova
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute and Nagasaki University of Graduate School of Biosciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Mika Shimamura
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute and Nagasaki University of Graduate School of Biosciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Tomomi Kurashige
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute and Nagasaki University of Graduate School of Biosciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Koichiro Hamada
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute and Nagasaki University of Graduate School of Biosciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
- Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University of Graduate School of Biosciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Yuji Nagayama
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute and Nagasaki University of Graduate School of Biosciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
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Li C, Yuan Q, Xu G, Yang Q, Hou J, Zheng L, Wu G. A seven-autophagy-related gene signature for predicting the prognosis of differentiated thyroid carcinoma. World J Surg Oncol 2022; 20:129. [PMID: 35459137 PMCID: PMC9034603 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-022-02590-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Numerous studies have implicated autophagy in the pathogenesis of thyroid carcinoma. This investigation aimed to establish an autophagy-related gene model and nomogram that can help predict the overall survival (OS) of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTHCA). Methods Clinical characteristics and RNA-seq expression data from TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) were used in the study. We also downloaded autophagy-related genes (ARGs) from the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis website and the Human Autophagy Database. First, we assigned patients into training and testing groups. R software was applied to identify differentially expressed ARGs for further construction of a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network for gene functional analyses. A risk score-based prognostic risk model was subsequently developed using univariate Cox regression and LASSO-penalized Cox regression analyses. The model’s performance was verified using Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival analysis and ROC curve. Finally, a nomogram was constructed for clinical application in evaluating the patients with DTHCA. Finally, a 7-gene prognostic risk model was developed based on gene set enrichment analysis. Results Overall, we identified 54 differentially expressed ARGs in patients with DTHCA. A new gene risk model based on 7-ARGs (CDKN2A, FGF7, CTSB, HAP1, DAPK2, DNAJB1, and ITPR1) was developed in the training group and validated in the testing group. The predictive accuracy of the model was reflected by the area under the ROC curve (AUC) values. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that the model could independently predict the prognosis of patients with THCA. The constrained nomogram derived from the risk score and age also showed high prediction accuracy. Conclusions Here, we developed a 7-ARG prognostic risk model and nomogram for differentiated thyroid carcinoma patients that can guide clinical decisions and individualized therapy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12957-022-02590-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengxin Li
- Department of Breast & Thyroid Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qianqian Yuan
- Department of Breast & Thyroid Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Gaoran Xu
- Department of Breast & Thyroid Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Breast & Thyroid Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jinxuan Hou
- Department of Breast & Thyroid Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Lewei Zheng
- Department of Breast & Thyroid Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Gaosong Wu
- Department of Breast & Thyroid Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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Sex Bias in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312992. [PMID: 34884794 PMCID: PMC8657786 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Differentiated thyroid cancers are more frequent in women than in men. These different frequencies may depend on differences in patient's behavior and in thyroid investigations. However, an impact on sexual hormones is likely, although this has been insufficiently elucidated. Estrogens may increase the production of mutagenic molecules in the thyroid cell and favor the proliferation and invasion of tumoral cells by regulating both the thyrocyte enzymatic machinery and the inflammatory process associated with tumor growth. On the other hand, the worse prognosis of thyroid cancer associated with the male gender is poorly explained.
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Gómez-Sintes R, Arias E. Chaperone-mediated autophagy and disease: Implications for cancer and neurodegeneration. Mol Aspects Med 2021; 82:101025. [PMID: 34629183 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.101025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is a proteolytic process whereby selected intracellular proteins are degraded inside lysosomes. Owing to its selectivity, CMA participates in the modulation of specific regulatory proteins, thereby playing an important role in multiple cellular processes. Studies conducted over the last two decades have enabled the molecular characterization of this autophagic pathway and the design of specific experimental models, and have underscored the importance of CMA in a range of physiological processes beyond mere protein quality control. Those findings also indicate that decreases in CMA function with increasing age may contribute to the pathogenesis of age-associated diseases, including neurodegeneration and cancer. In the context of neurological diseases, CMA impairment is thought to contribute to the accumulation of misfolded/aggregated proteins, a process central to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. CMA therefore constitutes a potential therapeutic target, as its induction accelerates the clearance of pathogenic proteins, promoting cell survival. More recent evidence has highlighted the important and complex role of CMA in cancer biology. While CMA induction may limit tumor development, experimental evidence also indicates that inhibition of this pathway can attenuate the growth of established tumors and improve the response to cancer therapeutics. Here, we describe and discuss the evidence supporting a role of impaired CMA function in neurodegeneration and cancer, as well as future research directions to evaluate the potential of this pathway as a target for the prevention and treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Gómez-Sintes
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas CIB-CSIC, 28040, Madrid, Spain; Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology & Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
| | - Esperanza Arias
- Department of Medicine, Marion Bessin Liver Research Center & Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
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Yang S, Gong Z, Liu Z, Wei M, Xue L, Vlantis AC, Zhang Y, Chan JYK, van Hasselt CA, Zeng X, Qiu S, Tang N, Du J, Wei W, Tong MCF, Chen GG. Differential Effects of Estrogen Receptor Alpha and Beta on Endogenous Ligands of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma in Papillary Thyroid Cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:708248. [PMID: 34557159 PMCID: PMC8453163 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.708248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The inhibition of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) or the activation of ERβ can inhibit papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), but the precise mechanism is not known. We aimed to explore the role of ERα and ERβ on the production of endogenous peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) ligands in PTC. METHODS 2 PTC cell lines, 32 pairs of PTC tissues and matched normal thyroid tissues were used in this study. The levels of endogenous PPARγ ligands 15(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15(S)-HETE), 13-S-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13(S)-HODE), and15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 (PGJ2) were measured by ELISA. RESULTS The levels of PGJ2 and 15(S)-HETE were significantly reduced in PTC, but 13(S)-HODE was not changed. Activation of ERα or inhibition of ERβ significantly downregulated the production of PGJ2, 15(S)-HETE and 13(S)-HODE, whereas inhibition of ERα or activation of ERβ markedly upregulated the production of these three ligands. Application of endogenous PPARγ ligands inhibited growth, induced apoptosis of cancer cells, and promoted the efficacy of chemotherapy. CONCLUSION The levels of endogenous PPARγ ligands PGJ2 and 15(S)-HETE are significantly decreased in PTC. The inhibition of ERα or activation of ERβ can inhibit PTC by stimulating the production of endogenous PPARγ ligands to induce apoptosis in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shucai Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Pingshan District People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhongqin Gong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhimin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Minghui Wei
- Department of Head & Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lingbin Xue
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alexander C. Vlantis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Pingshan District People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jason YK. Chan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C Andrew van Hasselt
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xianhai Zeng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT), Institute of ENT & Longgang ENT Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuqi Qiu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT), Institute of ENT & Longgang ENT Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Nelson Tang
- Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jing Du
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Michael CF Tong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
- *Correspondence: George G. Chen, ; Michael CF Tong,
| | - George G. Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
- *Correspondence: George G. Chen, ; Michael CF Tong,
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