Assessment of a Multidisciplinary Intervention in Patients With BMI ≥35 kg/m2 and Recently Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes

Adaptation of the nutrition care process for metabolic diseases in the Mexican population

Background

The Nutrition Care Process (NCP) is a systematic framework designed to enhance the quality of nutrition care. Given the high prevalence of metabolic diseases in Mexican population, there is a critical need for tailored nutrition care strategies.

Objective

We aim to describe the adaptation of the NCP to manage metabolic diseases in Mexican individuals.

Methods

Our adaptation included a comprehensive literature review of clinical nutrition guidelines, by a structured consultation with experts to ensure clinical setting-specific and culturally appropriate modifications. A team of registered dietitians from two tier 3 hospitals, each with over five years of experience in metabolic disease management, customized the NCP's four core steps-assessment, diagnosis, intervention, and monitoring-to meet the specific needs of the Mexican population.

Results

We adapted the NCP to manage five common metabolic disorders: obesity, type 2 diabetes, kidney disease, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, and dyslipidemia. Each step of the NCP was complemented by the development of educational materials designed to (1) enhance awareness of disease risk, (2) broaden their knowledge of nutritional management, and (3) provide tailored strategies for developing personalized action plans. The adapted NCP was implemented in clinical and research settings and the materials were documented as an online publication to facilitate widespread dissemination.

Conclusion

Our adaptation represents a significant advancement in the use of structured tools for nutrition care in Mexican populations, who face disproportionately high rates of metabolic diseases. Further research is needed to assess the effectiveness of this approach in clinical settings.

Cluster Analysis of Unhealthy Lifestyles among Elderly Adults with Prediabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study in Rural China

INTRODUCTION

To explore the clustering and influencing factors of unhealthy lifestyles among elderly adults with prediabetes in rural China.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Yiyang, Hunan Province, China. Through multistage cluster random sampling and an oral glucose tolerance test, we screened 461 elderly adults aged 60 years and older with prediabetes out of 2144 elderly adults who were sampled. The prediabetic adults completed a survey examining four common lifestyle factors: diet, exercise, smoking, alcohol use and the ability to acquire diabetes-related knowledge and thereby promote one's own health-diabetes health literacy. The influencing factors were analyzed retrospectively with the Kruskal-Wallis test and ordinal logistic regression.

RESULTS

A total of 425 elderly adults completed the survey, of whom 325 were identified with unhealthy lifestyle clustering. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed significant differences between unhealthy lifestyle clusters by age, gender, marital status, occupation and hyperlipidemia (P < 0.05). Ordinal logistic regression showed that female gender (OR = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.15 0.37), personal annual income ≥ 2800 CNY (OR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.38 0.99) and occupation as a worker (OR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.34 0.92) were protective factors against unhealthy lifestyle clustering. An unsatisfactory marital status (OR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.02 2.51) and low diabetes health literacy (OR = 3.17, 95% CI: 1.03 9.81) were risk factors.

CONCLUSION

In total, 76.47% of the prediabetic elderly adults in rural China showed unhealthy lifestyle clusters. Being male and having an unsatisfactory marital status, a low personal annual income, an occupation as a farmer and low diabetes health literacy were the main risk factors for unhealthy lifestyle clustering. More effective interventions should be implemented based on these risk factors to prevent diabetes in rural elderly adults.