Angiotensin II receptors in cortical and medullary adrenal tumors

Screening and diagnosis of primary aldosteronism. Consensus document of all the Spanish Societies involved in the management of primary aldosteronism

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most frequent cause of secondary hypertension (HT), and is associated with a higher cardiometabolic risk than essential HT. However, PA remains underdiagnosed, probably due to several difficulties clinicians usually find in performing its diagnosis and subtype classification. The aim of this consensus is to provide practical recommendations focused on the prevalence and the diagnosis of PA and the clinical implications of aldosterone excess, from a multidisciplinary perspective, in a nominal group consensus approach by experts from the Spanish Society of Endocrinology and Nutrition (SEEN), Spanish Society of Cardiology (SEC), Spanish Society of Nephrology (SEN), Spanish Society of Internal Medicine (SEMI), Spanish Radiology Society (SERAM), Spanish Society of Vascular and Interventional Radiology (SERVEI), Spanish Society of Laboratory Medicine (SEQC(ML)), Spanish Society of Anatomic-Pathology, Spanish Association of Surgeons (AEC).

Tumor-selective blood flow decrease induced by an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, temocapril hydrochloride

To enhance chemotherapeutic efficacy against cancer, it is important to deliver anticancer drugs preferentially to cancer cells and to retain the drugs there for a prolonged time. The in vivo prolongation of the exposure time of anticancer drugs in tumors can be accomplished by decreasing tumor tissue blood flow (tBF) after anticancer drug administration. The present study demonstrated that temocapril hydrochloride, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, decreases tumor tBF markedly in LY80 tumor, a subline of Yoshida sarcoma in the rat, without affecting the blood flow in liver, kidney, bone marrow, and brain. In tumor areas with flow of above 20 ml/min/100 g, the tBF decreased by approximately 50% due to temocapril. In tumor areas with tBF of about 20 ml/min/100 g, it became less than 3 ml/min/100 g with temocapril and did not recover during the 2 h experiment. These findings were obtained not only in large tumors, but also in microfoci growing within a transparent chamber. Furthermore, even when temocapril was administered under the condition of increased tumor tBF by administering angiotensin II, tumor tBF decreased immediately. Using this technique, it should be possible to trap anticancer drugs selectively in tumor tissue for an extended period of time.