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de Carvalho Bertozo L, Tadeu HC, Sebastian A, Maszota-Zieleniak M, Samsonov SA, Ximenes VF. Role for Carboxylic Acid Moiety in NSAIDs: Favoring the Binding at Site II of Bovine Serum Albumin. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:2501-2511. [PMID: 38574292 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The molecular structures of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) vary, but most contain a carboxylic acid functional group (RCOOH). This functional group is known to be related to the mechanism of cyclooxygenase inhibition and also causes side effects, such as gastrointestinal bleeding. This study proposes a new role for RCOOH in NSAIDs: facilitating the interaction at the binding site II of serum albumins. We used bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model to investigate the interactions with ligands at site II. Using dansyl-proline (DP) as a fluorescent site II marker, we demonstrated that only negatively charged NSAIDs such as ibuprofen (IBP), naproxen (NPX), diflunisal (DFS), and ketoprofen (KTP) can efficiently displace DP from the albumin binding site. We confirmed the importance of RCOO by neutralizing IBP and NPX through esterification, which reduced the displacement of DP. The competition was also monitored by stopped-flow experiments. While IBP and NPX displaced DP in less than 1 s, the ester derivatives were ineffective. We also observed a higher affinity of negatively charged NSAIDs using DFS as a probe and ultrafiltration experiments. Molecular docking simulations showed an essential salt bridge between the positively charged residues Arg409 and Lys413 with RCOO-, consistent with the experimental findings. We performed a ligand dissociation pathway and corresponding energy analysis by applying molecular dynamics. The dissociation of NPX showed a higher free energy barrier than its ester. Apart from BSA, we conducted some experimental studies with human serum albumin, and similar results were obtained, suggesting a general effect for other mammalian serum albumins. Our findings support that the RCOOH moiety affects not only the mechanism of action and side effects but also the pharmacokinetics of NSAIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza de Carvalho Bertozo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, UNESP─São Paulo State University, Bauru 17033-360, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hugo Cesar Tadeu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, UNESP─São Paulo State University, Bauru 17033-360, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anila Sebastian
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Sergey A Samsonov
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Valdecir Farias Ximenes
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, UNESP─São Paulo State University, Bauru 17033-360, São Paulo, Brazil
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2
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Dehghan Niestanak V, Unsworth LD. Detailing Protein-Bound Uremic Toxin Interaction Mechanisms with Human Serum Albumin in the Pursuit of Designing Competitive Binders. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087452. [PMID: 37108613 PMCID: PMC10139063 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease is the gradual progression of kidney dysfunction and involves numerous co-morbidities, one of the leading causes of mortality. One of the primary complications of kidney dysfunction is the accumulation of toxins in the bloodstream, particularly protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs), which have a high affinity for plasma proteins. The buildup of PBUTs in the blood reduces the effectiveness of conventional treatments, such as hemodialysis. Moreover, PBUTs can bind to blood plasma proteins, such as human serum albumin, alter their conformational structure, block binding sites for other valuable endogenous or exogenous substances, and exacerbate the co-existing medical conditions associated with kidney disease. The inadequacy of hemodialysis in clearing PBUTs underscores the significance of researching the binding mechanisms of these toxins with blood proteins, with a critical analysis of the methods used to obtain this information. Here, we gathered the available data on the binding of indoxyl sulfate, p-cresyl sulfate, indole 3-acetic acid, hippuric acid, 3-carboxyl-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furan propanoic acid, and phenylacetic acid to human serum albumin and reviewed the common techniques used to investigate the thermodynamics and structure of the PBUT-albumin interaction. These findings can be critical in investigating molecules that can displace toxins on HSA and improve their clearance by standard dialysis or designing adsorbents with greater affinity for PBUTs than HSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vida Dehghan Niestanak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G4, Canada
| | - Larry D Unsworth
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
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Assessment of alteration in antiviral plasma concentration across dialysis days: computational and analytical study. Bioanalysis 2022; 14:1563-1581. [PMID: 36846891 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2022-0218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs) may displace drugs from the plasma proteins and render them more liable to clearance. This study aims to investigate the possible interplay between PBUTs and directly acting antivirals (DAAs). Methods: PBUT plasma protein binding was compared to those of paritaprevir (PRT), ombitasivir (OMB) and ritonavir (RTV) in silico to assess the possible competitive displacement. The three drugs were LC-MS/MS determined in seven patients across dialysis and non-dialysis days and results were compared. Results & conclusion: Results showed that the PBUT exhibited a lower binding than DAA reducing the liability of their competitive displacement. This was echoed by an unaltered plasma concentration across dialysis days. Results may indicate that PBUT accumulation may have limited effect on disposition of DAA.
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Fujita K, Nonaka T, Kutsuno R, Ichida K. Electrochemical sensing of the secretion of indoxyl sulfate in a rat intestinal loop using a self-assembled monolayer-modified gold bead electrode. Talanta 2022; 247:123551. [PMID: 35649325 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Indoxyl sulfate is a uremic toxin that accumulates in the plasma after a decline in renal function that might progress to chronic kidney disease (CKD). This accumulation is associated with the onset of dialysis and exacerbation of CKD and cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we aimed to demonstrate intestinal secretion as an excretion pathway of indoxyl sulfate in the severe stage of CKD using electrochemical sensing. A self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of 2-mercaptobenzimidazole on gold beads was successfully used for the separate sensing of indoxyl sulfate, uric acid (UA), and ascorbic acid. This electrode could detect indoxyl sulfate at concentrations as low as 50 nM in the presence of UA. No indoxyl sulfate secretion was observed in the intestinal loop of healthy rats or those intravenously administered saline. However, indoxyl sulfate secretion was detected in the 5/6 nephrectomized rats that showed high serum indoxyl sulfate levels, which also occurs in patients with CKD stage 4 or 5 and the healthy rats intravenously injected with indoxyl sulfate. These results suggest that indoxyl sulfate is excreted through the intestine when serum indoxyl sulfate level is high. The results of the present study showed that the SAM-modified gold bead electrode can be used as an easy and sensitive method for evaluating indoxyl sulfate secreted in the intestine over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Fujita
- Department of Pathophysiology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan.
| | - Taisei Nonaka
- Department of Pathophysiology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Rina Kutsuno
- Department of Pathophysiology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Kimiyoshi Ichida
- Department of Pathophysiology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
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Amézqueta S, Beltrán JL, Bolioli AM, Campos-Vicens L, Luque FJ, Ràfols C. Evaluation of the Interactions between Human Serum Albumin (HSA) and Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory (NSAIDs) Drugs by Multiwavelength Molecular Fluorescence, Structural and Computational Analysis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14030214. [PMID: 33806467 PMCID: PMC8000696 DOI: 10.3390/ph14030214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction between drugs and transport proteins, such as albumins, is a key factor in drug bioavailability. One of the techniques commonly used for the evaluation of the drug-protein complex formation is fluorescence. This work studies the interaction of human serum albumin (HSA) with four non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)—ibuprofen, flurbiprofen, naproxen, and diflunisal—by monitoring the fluorescence quenching when the drug-albumin complex is formed. Two approaches—the double logarithm Stern-Volmer equation and the STAR program—are used to evaluate the binding parameters. The results are analyzed considering the binding properties, determined by using other complementary techniques and the available structural information of albumin complexes with NSAID-related compounds. Finally, this combined analysis has been synergistically used to interpret the binding of flurbiprofen to HSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Amézqueta
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.L.B.); (A.M.B.); (C.R.)
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-93-402-1277
| | - José Luís Beltrán
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.L.B.); (A.M.B.); (C.R.)
| | - Anna Maria Bolioli
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.L.B.); (A.M.B.); (C.R.)
| | - Lluís Campos-Vicens
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain;
- Pharmacelera, Torre R, 4a planta, Despatx A05, Parc Científic de Barcelona, Baldiri Reixac 8, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Luque
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain;
- Institut of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry (IQTCUB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clara Ràfols
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.L.B.); (A.M.B.); (C.R.)
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
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Challenges of reducing protein-bound uremic toxin levels in chronic kidney disease and end stage renal disease. Transl Res 2021; 229:115-134. [PMID: 32891787 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the worldwide population is currently estimated between 11% and 13%. Adequate renal clearance is compromised in these patients and the accumulation of a large number of uremic retention solutes results in an irreversible worsening of renal function which can lead to end stage renal disease (ESRD). Approximately three million ESRD patients currently receive renal replacement therapies (RRTs), such as hemodialysis, which only partially restore kidney function, as they are only efficient in removing mainly small, unbound solutes from the circulation while leaving larger and protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs) untouched. The accumulation of PBUTs in patients highly increases the risk of cardiovascular events and is associated with higher mortality and morbidity in CKD and ESRD. In this review, we address several strategies currently being explored toward reducing PBUT concentrations, including clinical and medical approaches, therapeutic techniques, and recent developments in RRT technology. These include preservation of renal function, limitation of colon derived PBUTs, oral sorbents, adsorbent RRT technology, and use of albumin displacers. Despite the promising results of the different approaches to promote enhanced removal of a small percentage of the more than 30 identified PBUTs, on their own, none of them provide a treatment with the required efficiency, safety and cost-effectiveness to prevent CKD-related complications and decrease mortality and morbidity in ESRD.
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Chaubey B, Pal S. Binding Interaction of Organofluorine–Serum Albumin: A Comparative Ligand-Detected 19F NMR Analysis. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:9409-9418. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b06583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bhawna Chaubey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur 342037, India
| | - Samanwita Pal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur 342037, India
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Deltombe O, de Loor H, Glorieux G, Dhondt A, Van Biesen W, Meijers B, Eloot S. Exploring binding characteristics and the related competition of different protein-bound uremic toxins. Biochimie 2017; 139:20-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Moschen T, Grutsch S, Juen MA, Wunderlich CH, Kreutz C, Tollinger M. Measurement of Ligand-Target Residence Times by 1H Relaxation Dispersion NMR Spectroscopy. J Med Chem 2016; 59:10788-10793. [PMID: 27933946 PMCID: PMC5150660 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
![]()
A ligand-observed 1H NMR
relaxation experiment is introduced
for measuring the binding kinetics of low-molecular-weight compounds
to their biomolecular targets. We show that this approach, which does
not require any isotope labeling, is applicable to ligand–target
systems involving proteins and nucleic acids of variable molecular
size. The experiment is particularly useful for the systematic investigation
of low affinity molecules with residence times in the micro- to millisecond
time regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Moschen
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Centre for Molecular Biosciences (CMBI), University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Sarina Grutsch
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Centre for Molecular Biosciences (CMBI), University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Michael A Juen
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Centre for Molecular Biosciences (CMBI), University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Christoph H Wunderlich
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Centre for Molecular Biosciences (CMBI), University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Christoph Kreutz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Centre for Molecular Biosciences (CMBI), University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Martin Tollinger
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Centre for Molecular Biosciences (CMBI), University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck 6020, Austria
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Ascenzi P, Leboffe L, di Masi A, Trezza V, Fanali G, Gioia M, Coletta M, Fasano M. Ligand binding to the FA3-FA4 cleft inhibits the esterase-like activity of human serum albumin. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120603. [PMID: 25790235 PMCID: PMC4366387 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl esters of hexanoate (NphOHe) and decanoate (NphODe) by human serum albumin (HSA) at Tyr411, located at the FA3-FA4 site, has been investigated between pH 5.8 and 9.5, at 22.0°C. Values of Ks, k+2, and k+2/Ks obtained at [HSA] ≥ 5×[NphOXx] and [NphOXx] ≥ 5×[HSA] (Xx is NphOHe or NphODe) match very well each other; moreover, the deacylation step turns out to be the rate limiting step in catalysis (i.e., k+3 << k+2). The pH dependence of the kinetic parameters for the hydrolysis of NphOHe and NphODe can be described by the acidic pKa-shift of a single amino acid residue, which varies from 8.9 in the free HSA to 7.6 and 7.0 in the HSA:NphOHe and HSA:NphODe complex, respectively; the pK>a-shift appears to be correlated to the length of the fatty acid tail of the substrate. The inhibition of the HSA-Tyr411-catalyzed hydrolysis of NphOHe, NphODe, and 4-nitrophenyl myristate (NphOMy) by five inhibitors (i.e., diazepam, diflunisal, ibuprofen, 3-indoxyl-sulfate, and propofol) has been investigated at pH 7.5 and 22.0°C, resulting competitive. The affinity of diazepam, diflunisal, ibuprofen, 3-indoxyl-sulfate, and propofol for HSA reflects the selectivity of the FA3-FA4 cleft. Under conditions where Tyr411 is not acylated, the molar fraction of diazepam, diflunisal, ibuprofen, and 3-indoxyl-sulfate bound to HSA is higher than 0.9 whereas the molar fraction of propofol bound to HSA is ca. 0.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Ascenzi
- Interdepartmental Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Roma Tre University, Via della Vasca Navale 79, I-00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Loris Leboffe
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Alessandra di Masi
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Viviana Trezza
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Gabriella Fanali
- Biomedical Research Division, Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, Via Alberto da Giussano 12, I-21052 Busto Arsizio (VA), Italy
| | - Magda Gioia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Interuniversity Consortium for the Research on the Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, Via Celso Ulpiani 27, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Massimo Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Interuniversity Consortium for the Research on the Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, Via Celso Ulpiani 27, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Mauro Fasano
- Biomedical Research Division, Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, Via Alberto da Giussano 12, I-21052 Busto Arsizio (VA), Italy
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Buttar D, Colclough N, Gerhardt S, MacFaul PA, Phillips SD, Plowright A, Whittamore P, Tam K, Maskos K, Steinbacher S, Steuber H. A combined spectroscopic and crystallographic approach to probing drug–human serum albumin interactions. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:7486-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2010] [Revised: 08/26/2010] [Accepted: 08/29/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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