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Ostroumova OD, Chernyaeva MS, Kochetkov AI, Vorobieva AE, Bakhteeva DI, Korchagina SP, Bondarets OV, Boyko ND, Sychev DA. Drug-Induced Atrial Fibrillation / Atrial Flutter. RATIONAL PHARMACOTHERAPY IN CARDIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.20996/1819-6446-2021-12-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced atrial fibrillation / flutter (DIAF) is a serious and potentially life-threatening complication of pharmacotherapy. Purpose of the work: systematization and analysis of scientific literature data on drugs, the use of which can cause the development of DIAF, as well as on epidemiology, pathophysiological mechanisms, risk factors, clinical picture, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, treatment and prevention of DIAF. Analysis of the literature has shown that many groups of drugs can cause the development of DIAF, with a greater frequency while taking anticancer drugs, drugs for the treatment of the cardiovascular, bronchopulmonary and central nervous systems. The mechanisms and main risk factors for the development of DIAF have not been finally established and are known only for certain drugs, therefore, this section requires further study. The main symptoms of DIAF are due to the severity of tachycardia and their influence on the parameters of central hemodynamics. For diagnosis, it is necessary to conduct an electrocardiogram (ECG) and Holter monitoring of an ECG and echocardiography. Differential diagnosis should be made with AF, which may be caused by other causes, as well as other rhythm and conduction disturbances. Successful treatment of DIAF is based on the principle of rapid recognition and immediate discontinuation of drugs (if possible), the use of which potentially caused the development of adverse drug reactions (ADR). The choice of management strategy: heart rate control or rhythm control, as well as the method of achievement (medication or non-medication), depends on the specific clinical situation. For the prevention of DIAF, it is necessary to instruct patients about possible symptoms and recommend self-monitoring of the pulse. It is important for practitioners to be wary of the risk of DIAF due to the variety of drugs that can potentially cause this ADR.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. D Ostroumova
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education
| | - M. S. Chernyaeva
- Central State Medical Academy of the Administrative Department of the President; Hospital for War Veterans No. 2
| | - A. I. Kochetkov
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education
| | - A. E. Vorobieva
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimova
| | | | | | - O. V. Bondarets
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimova
| | | | - D. A. Sychev
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education
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Haham N, Vaknin-Dembinsky A. COVID-19 in Cladribine-treated patient with multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2021; 359:577690. [PMID: 34390951 PMCID: PMC8349393 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Case report describing a patient infected with COVID-19 after initiation of Cladribine, with a favorable disease course and positive seroconversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitsan Haham
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, and the Agnes-Ginges Center for Neurogenetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Ein-Karem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Adi Vaknin-Dembinsky
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, and the Agnes-Ginges Center for Neurogenetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Ein-Karem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
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Nomani H, Mohammadpour AH, Moallem SMH, Sahebkar A. Anti-inflammatory drugs in the prevention of post-operative atrial fibrillation: a literature review. Inflammopharmacology 2019; 28:111-129. [PMID: 31673892 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00653-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a serious and common complication following heart surgery. Cardiac surgery triggers inflammation in the heart and makes it susceptible to the incidence of AF. Therefore, anti-inflammatory drugs may reduce the rate of AF incidence in the post-surgery conditions. Immunosuppressant agents, steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (corticosteroids), non-aspirin non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), colchicine and omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 UFA) are drugs with well-known anti-inflammatory properties. The efficacy, safety and other aspects of using these drugs in the prevention of post-operative AF (POAF) have been reviewed here. Studies evaluating the efficacy of colchicine have shown that it could be effective in the prevention of POAF. However, there is a need for additional studies to find a colchicine regimen with optimal efficacy and higher tolerability. The use of corticosteroids may also be of value based on the most of meta-analyses. In the case of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and NSAIDs, current data fail to support their efficacy in POAF prevention. Moreover, perioperative administration of NSAIDs may be associated with some severe safety considerations. Immunosuppressant agents have not been used for the prevention of POAF. Further studies are needed to find the most effective strategy for POAF prevention with the least safety considerations and the highest health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Homa Nomani
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Hooshang Mohammadpour
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | | | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran. .,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Kocyigit D, Yalcin MU, Gurses KM, Tokgozoglu L, Karabudak R. Are there any clinical and electrocardiographic predictors of heart rate reduction in relapsing- remitting multiple sclerosis patients treated with fingolimod? Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019; 27:276-280. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Elounais F, Aburahma A, Alkotob ML, Al Hadidi S. Ventricular tachycardia after initiation of fingolimod. BMJ Case Rep 2017; 2017:bcr-2017-221819. [PMID: 28954755 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2017-221819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Fingolimod, a sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulator, is used for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. It is well known to cause bradyarrhythmias. We present a 63-year-old woman who was admitted to the hospital with sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia 2 weeks after fingolimod initiation. Further evaluation showed that the patient's ventricular tachycardia was most likely secondary to her medication. Medical practitioners need to be aware of such possible life-threatening side effects while using fingolimod.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Elounais
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hurley Medical Center, Flint, Michigan, USA
| | - Ahmed Aburahma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hurley Medical Center, Flint, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Samer Al Hadidi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan State University/Hurley Medical Center, Flint, Michigan, USA
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Limmroth V, Ziemssen T, Lang M, Richter S, Wagner B, Haas J, Schmidt S, Gerbershagen K, Lassek C, Klotz L, Hoffmann O, Albert C, Schuh K, Baier-Ebert M, Wendt G, Schieb H, Hoyer S, Dechend R, Haverkamp W. Electrocardiographic assessments and cardiac events after fingolimod first dose - a comprehensive monitoring study. BMC Neurol 2017; 17:11. [PMID: 28100182 PMCID: PMC5241949 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-016-0789-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background First dose observation for cardiac effects is required for fingolimod, but recommendations on the extent vary. This study aims to assess cardiac safety of fingolimod first dose. Individual bradyarrhythmic episodes were evaluated to assess the relevance of continuous electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring. Methods START is an ongoing open-label, multi-center study. At the time of analysis 3951 patients were enrolled. The primary endpoints are the incidence of bradycardia (heart rate < 45 bpm) and second-/third-degree AV blocks during treatment initiation. The relevance of Holter was assessed by matching ECG findings with the occurrence of clinical symptoms as well as by rigorous analysis of AV blocks with regard to the duration of pauses and the minimal heart rate recorded during AV block. Results Thirty-one patients (0.8%) developed bradycardia (<45 bpm), 62 patients (1.6%) had second-degree Mobitz I and/or 2:1 AV blocks with a lowest reading (i.e. mean of ten consecutive beats) of 35 bpm and the longest pause lasting for 2.6 s. No Mobitz II or third-degree AV blocks were observed. Only one patient complained about mild chest discomfort and fatigue. After 1 week, there was no second-/third-degree AV block. Conclusions Continuous Holter ECG monitoring in this large real-life cohort revealed that bradycardia and AV conduction abnormalities were rare, transient and benign. No further unexpected abnormalities were detected. The data presented here give an indication that continuous Holter ECG monitoring does not add clinically relevant value to patients’ safety. Trial registration NCT01585298; registered April 23, 2012.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker Limmroth
- Department of Neurology, Cologne General Hospitals, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tjalf Ziemssen
- Center of Clinical Neuroscience, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Lang
- NTD Study Group, Neurologische Praxis, Ulm, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Stephan Schmidt
- NTD Study Group, Neurologische Gemeinschaftspraxis, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kathrin Gerbershagen
- Department of Neurology, Cologne General Hospitals, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph Lassek
- Neurologische Gemeinschaftspraxis Kassel und Vellmar, Kassel, Germany
| | - Luisa Klotz
- Department of Neurology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Olaf Hoffmann
- St. Josefs-Krankenhaus Potsdam-Sanssouci, Potsdam, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ralf Dechend
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Campus Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Haverkamp
- Charité Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany.
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Castillo-Trivino T, Lopetegui I, Alarcón-Duque JA, López de Munain A, Olascoaga J. Ventricular tachycardia on chronic fingolimod treatment for multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2015; 86:931-2. [PMID: 25835036 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2014-310013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Castillo-Trivino
- Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Department of Neurology, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastian, Spain Department of Neuroscience Area, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain Department of Neurology, Zumarraga Hospital, Zumarraga, Spain
| | - Itziar Lopetegui
- Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Department of Neurology, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastian, Spain
| | | | - Adolfo López de Munain
- Department of Neuroscience Area, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain Department of Neurosciences, University of Basque Country, San Sebastian, Spain CIBERNED, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Olascoaga
- Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Department of Neurology, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastian, Spain Department of Neuroscience Area, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
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Ward MD, Jones DE, Goldman MD. Overview and safety of fingolimod hydrochloride use in patients with multiple sclerosis. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2015; 13:989-98. [PMID: 24935480 DOI: 10.1517/14740338.2014.920820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fingolimod (Gilenya®, FTY720) is an oral sphingosine-1-phosphate analogue that was approved by the FDA in 2010 for the treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). Fingolimod's mechanism of action is primarily related to lymphocyte sequestration in primary and secondary lymphoid tissues. Phase III trials demonstrated a reduction in annualized relapse rate and MRI progression in fingolimod-treated subjects compared with both placebo and IFN-β-treated subjects. Frequent adverse effects include fatigue, gastrointestinal disturbance, headache and upper respiratory tract infection. More serious, but rare, adverse events associated with fingolimod include atrioventricular block, symptomatic bradycardia, herpetic viral infections and macular edema. AREAS COVERED We discuss the mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy and safety profile of fingolimod in patients with relapsing MS. EXPERT OPINION Fingolimod is an effective treatment for relapsing MS and its oral route of administration may be preferred by some. Fingolimod is generally well tolerated but requires diligence in patient selection and monitoring. Additional information is needed regarding risk of infection, malignancy and rebound disease with long-term use of fingolimod.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie D Ward
- University of Virginia, Department of Neurology , PO Box 800394, Charlottesville, VA 22908 , USA
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Wiese MD, Suppiah V, O'Doherty C. Metabolic and safety issues for multiple sclerosis pharmacotherapy--opportunities for personalised medicine. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2014; 10:1145-59. [PMID: 24910969 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2014.925880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A number of disease-modifying therapies have become available to treat multiple sclerosis (MS) in recent years. As the effects of these medications are unpredictable and they are generally used for a number of years, the selection of the most appropriate disease-modifying agent must be based on the long-term efficacy and toxicity profile, thus strategies to personalise treatment to optimise responses may be potentially very useful. AREAS COVERED This review provides an overview of the efficacy and toxicity of disease-modifying agents used in MS and specifically discusses any metabolic side effects and advances in personalising the use of each of these agents. Medline and EMBASE were searched for any articles regarding the efficacy, toxicity and personalised use of the medicines discussed in this review. EXPERT OPINION Disease-modifying agents used to treat MS differ substantially in their efficacy and toxicity profile, but metabolic side effects appear to be limited to alemtuzumab, teriflunomide and IFN-β. Although personalised treatment strategies to assist in selection of the most appropriate disease-modifying agent for MS are limited, there is substantial potential to use genetic sub-studies of the many recent trials investigating disease-modifying agents to develop personalised treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Wiese
- University of South Australia, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences , GPO Box 2471, Adelaide 5001 , Australia +618 8302 2312 ; +618 8302 1010 ;
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