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Mestdag M, Degey S, Deflandre E. [Perioperative smoking cessation (conventional smoking and e-cigarettes) in 2023. A narrative review of the literature]. Rev Mal Respir 2024; 41:237-247. [PMID: 38429192 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tobacco addiction is the leading cause of preventable death. During the perioperative period, patients who smoke are at increased risk of systemic as well as surgical site complications. STATE OF THE ART Surgery is an ideal time for change of lifestyle habits. It is vital to seize this opportunity to improve the patient's health in the long- as well as the short-term. Smoking cessation should be encouraged in all surgical patients. Initiating smoking cessation combines pharmacological treatment and a behavioral approach. In this field, significant advances have been recorded over the last decade. This review proposes a practical approach that every practitioner will be able to apply. PERSPECTIVES In this review, we will also examine ongoing research, particularly as regards vaccination and the place of biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS Smoking represents a major source of health-related complications. Smoking cessation must therefore remain a priority in the management of medical and surgical patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mestdag
- Anesthésie-réanimation, université de Liège, Liège, Belgique
| | - S Degey
- Cabinet médical ASTES, Jambes, Belgique
| | - E Deflandre
- Anesthésie-réanimation, clinique Saint-Luc de Bouge, Namur, Belgique; Université de Liège, Liège, Belgique.
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Rusy DA, Honkanen A, Landrigan-Ossar MF, Chatterjee D, Schwartz LI, Lalwani K, Dollar JR, Clark R, Diaz CD, Deutsch N, Warner DO, Soriano SG. Vaping and E-Cigarette Use in Children and Adolescents: Implications on Perioperative Care From the American Society of Anesthesiologists Committee on Pediatric Anesthesia, Society for Pediatric Anesthesia, and American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine. Anesth Analg 2021; 133:562-568. [PMID: 33780391 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000005519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) or vaping use in adolescents has emerged as a public health crisis that impacts the perioperative care of this vulnerable population. E-cigarettes have become the most commonly used tobacco products among youth in the United States. Fruit and mint flavors and additives such as marijuana have enticed children and adolescents. E-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) is a newly identified lung disease linked to vaping. Clinical presentation of EVALI can be varied, but most commonly includes the respiratory system, gastrointestinal (GI) tract, and constitutional symptoms. Clinical management of EVALI has consisted of vaping cessation and supportive therapy, including supplemental oxygen, noninvasive ventilation, mechanical ventilation, glucocorticoids, and empiric antibiotics, until infectious causes are eliminated, and in the most severe cases, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Currently, although there is an insufficient evidence to determine the safety and the efficacy of e-cigarettes for perioperative smoking cessation, EVALI clearly places these patients at an increased risk of perioperative morbidity. Given the relatively recent introduction of e-cigarettes, the long-term impact on adolescent health is unknown. As a result, the paucity of postoperative outcomes in this potentially vulnerable population does not support evidence-based recommendations for the management of these patients. Clinicians should identify "at-risk" individuals during preanesthetic evaluations and adjust the risk stratification accordingly. Our societies encourage continued education of the public and health care providers of the risks associated with vaping and nicotine use and encourage regular preoperative screening and postoperative outcome studies of patients with regard to smoking and vaping use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah A Rusy
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Anita Honkanen
- Department of Anesthesia, Lucille Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Mary F Landrigan-Ossar
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Debnath Chatterjee
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Lawrence I Schwartz
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Kirk Lalwani
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Jennifer R Dollar
- Pediatric Anesthesia Associates, Children's of Alabama, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Randall Clark
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Christina D Diaz
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Wisconsin, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Nina Deutsch
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, Children's National Hospital, The George Washington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - David O Warner
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Sulpicio G Soriano
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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