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Pfeffer PL. The first lineage determination in mammals. Dev Biol 2024; 513:12-30. [PMID: 38761966 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2024.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
This review describes in detail the morphological, cytoskeletal and gene expression events leading to the gene regulatory network bifurcation point of trophoblast and inner cell mass cells in a variety of mammalian preimplantation embryos. The interrelated processes of compaction and polarity establishment are discussed in terms of how they affect YAP/WWTR activity and the location and fate of cells. Comparisons between mouse, human, cattle, pig and rabbit embryos suggest a conserved role for YAP/WWTR signalling in trophoblast induction in eutherian animals though the mechanisms for, and timing of, YAP/WWTR activation differs among species. Downstream targets show further differences, with the trophoblast marker GATA3 being a direct target in all examined mammals, while CDX2-positive and SOX2-negative regulation varies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter L Pfeffer
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
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2
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Amaral TF, Xiao Y, Jeensuk S, Maia TS, Cuellar CJ, Gingerich CA, Scheffler TL, Hansen PJ. Presence of KREMEN receptors for DKK1 in the preimplantation bovine embryo. REPRODUCTION AND FERTILITY 2023; 4:RAF-23-0021. [PMID: 37582174 PMCID: PMC10620448 DOI: 10.1530/raf-23-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The WNT inhibitory protein DKK1 has been shown to regulate development of the preimplantation embryo to the blastocyst stage. In cattle, DKK1 increases the number of trophectoderm cells that are the precursor of the placenta. DKK1 can affect cells by blocking WNT signaling through its receptors KREMEN1 and KREMEN2. Here it was shown that the mRNA for KREMEN1 and KREMEN2 decline as the embryo advances in development. Nonetheless, immunoreactive KREMEN1 was identified in blastocysts using Western blotting. DKK1 also decreased amount of immunoreactive CTNNB1 in blastocysts, as would be expected if DKK1 was signaling through a KREMEN-mediated pathway. Thus, it is likely that KREMEN1 functions as a receptor for DKK1 in the preimplantation bovine embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Fernandes Amaral
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Genus PLC/ABS, Mogi Mirim, SP, Brazil
| | - Yao Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Surawich Jeensuk
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Livestock Development, Bureau of Biotechnology in Livestock Production, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Tatiane Silva Maia
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Camila J Cuellar
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Chloe A Gingerich
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Tracy L Scheffler
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Peter J Hansen
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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Bhat RA, Rafi H, Tardiolo G, Fazio F, Aragona F, Zumbo A, Coelho C, D'Alessandro E. The role of embryonic stem cells, transcription and growth factors in mammals: A review. Tissue Cell 2023; 80:102002. [PMID: 36549226 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.102002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mammals represent a relevant species in worldwide cultures with significant commercial value. These animals are considered an attractive large animal model for biomedical and biotechnology research. The development of large animal experimental models may open alternative strategies for investigating stem cells (SCs) physiology and potential application in the veterinary field. The embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are known to possess natural pluripotency that confers the ability to differentiate into various tissues in vivo and in vitro. These notable characteristics can be useful for research and innovative applications, including biomedicine, agriculture and industry. Transcription factors play a crucial role in preserving stem cell self-renewal, whereas growth factors are involved in both growth and differentiation. However, to date, many questions concerning pluripotency, cellular differentiation regulator genes, and other molecules such as growth factors and their interactions in many mammalian species remain unresolved. The purpose of this review is to provide an overall review regarding the study of ESCs in mammals and briefly discuss the role of transcription and growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayees Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Zoology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra 136119, India
| | - Humera Rafi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Giuseppe Tardiolo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Via Palatucci snc, Messina 98168, Italy
| | - Francesco Fazio
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Via Palatucci snc, Messina 98168, Italy.
| | - Francesca Aragona
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Via Palatucci snc, Messina 98168, Italy
| | - Alessandro Zumbo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Via Palatucci snc, Messina 98168, Italy
| | - Clarisse Coelho
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias (ULHT), Campo Grande 376, Lisboa 1749-024, Portugal
| | - Enrico D'Alessandro
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Via Palatucci snc, Messina 98168, Italy
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Najibi R, Kazemitabar SK, Kiani G, Hasanzadeh N, Gholami M, Hajimazdarany S, Ahmadi AA. Embryonic stem cell differentiation to primordial germ cell like cells by Nigella sativa, Brassica Oleracea and Oenothera biennis extracts. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF STEM CELLS 2022; 11:79-93. [PMID: 36660740 PMCID: PMC9845841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the induction effects of methanolic extracts of Nigella sativa (NiS), Brassica Oleracea (BrO), and Oenothera biennia (Obi) on transgenic embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and to evaluate the ability of germ cells (GCs) production using these pluripotent cells. METHODS ESCs were amplified using a feeder layer. Embryoid bodies enzymatically dissociated to single cells and induced the extracts in gelatinized plates. Then RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were performed. In the presence of appropriate primers, the desired genes were quantitatively evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). RESULTS The copies of all genes in the control group showed a decreasing trend during the first to third weeks. Compared to the control group, the expression level of sex determining region Y-box 2 gene (Sox2) showed the highest level. All four evaluated genes increased in all Obi groups compared to the control group. There is also a slight increase in the Nanog homeobox gene (Nanog). Obi extract in different concentrations has increased the expression of the Sox2 gene. Increased expression of this gene along with octamer-binding transcription factor 4 gene (Oct4) and Nanog indicates a condition close to germ cell-like cells (GCLCs). CONCLUSIONS According to the results of this study, NiS can increase expression of the Oct4, Sox2, Nanog, and stimulated by retinoic acid gene 8 (STRA8) genes and so increase the hope of GCs production. Storage of cells for 21 days in the presence of the extract compared to 14 days has a negative effect on cell growth and differentiation. The effects of meiosis onset and GCs production can be expected in the presence of some herbal extracts. Optimal utilization of these extracts requires further study in the field of different extracts and fractions of each extract to more effectively and purposefully direct the differentiation of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Najibi
- Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU)Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Kamal Kazemitabar
- Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU)Sari, Iran
| | - Ghaffar Kiani
- Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, College of Agricultural Science, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU)Sari, Iran
| | | | - Mana Gholami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad UniversityTehran, Iran
| | - Shima Hajimazdarany
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad UniversityBabol, Iran
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Jeensuk S, Ortega MS, Saleem M, Hawryluk B, Scheffler TL, Hansen PJ. Actions of WNT family member 5A to regulate characteristics of development of the bovine preimplantation embryo†. Biol Reprod 2022; 107:928-944. [PMID: 35765196 PMCID: PMC9562107 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
WNT signaling is important for regulation of embryonic development. The most abundant WNT gene expressed in the bovine endometrium during the preimplantation period is WNT5A. One objective was to determine whether WNT5A regulates competence of the bovine preimplantation embryo to become a blastocyst and alters the number of cells in the inner cell mass and trophectoderm. A second objective was to delineate features of the cell-signaling mechanisms involved in WNT5A actions. WNT5A caused a concentration-dependent increase in the proportion of embryos developing to the blastocyst stage and in the number of inner cell mass cells in the resultant blastocysts. A concentration of 200 ng/mL was most effective, and a higher concentration of 400 ng/mL was not stimulatory. Bovine serum albumin in culture reduced the magnitude of effects of WNT5A on development to the blastocyst stage. WNT5A affected expression of 173 genes at the morula stage; all were upregulated by WNT5A. Many of the upregulated genes were associated with cell signaling. Actions of WNT5A on development to the blastocyst stage were suppressed by a Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase (ROCK) signaling inhibitor, suggesting that WNT5A acts through Ras homology gene family member A (RhoA)/ROCK signaling. Other experiments indicated that actions of WNT5A are independent of the canonical β-catenin signaling pathway and RAC1/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling. This is the first report outlining the actions of WNT5A to alter the development of the mammalian embryo. These findings provide insights into how embryokines regulate maternal-embryonic communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surawich Jeensuk
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Livestock Development, Bureau of Biotechnology in Livestock Production, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - M Sofia Ortega
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Muhammad Saleem
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Briana Hawryluk
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Tracy L Scheffler
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Peter J Hansen
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Amaral TF, Diaza AG, Heredia D, Melo GD, Estrada-Cortés E, Jensen LM, Pohler K, Hansen PJ. Actions of DKK1 on the preimplantation bovine embryo to affect pregnancy establishment, placental function and postnatal phenotype†. Biol Reprod 2022; 107:945-955. [PMID: 35765194 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
One mechanism by which the maternal environment regulates the early embryo is by secretion of cell-signaling molecules. One of these is dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 1 (DKK1). Objectives were to A) resolve discrepancies in the literature regarding effects of DKK1 in the bovine embryo on development of trophectoderm (TE) and competence to establish pregnancy after embryo transfer and B) determine whether there are long-term consequences of DKK1 on placental function and postnatal phenotype. Embryos produced in vitro were cultured with vehicle or 100 ng/mL recombinant human DKK1 from day 5 to 7.5 of development (i.e. the morula and blastocyst stages of development). DKK1 increased the number of cells positive for the TE marker CDX2 at day 7.5 of development while having no effect on numbers of cells positive for the inner cell mass marker SOX2. There was no effect of DKK1 on pregnancy or calving rate after transfer of blastocysts produced with Y-sorted semen to either lactating dairy cows or suckling beef cows. Treatment with DKK1 at the morula-to-blastocyst stages programmed placental function, as measured by an effect of DKK1 on plasma concentrations of pregnancy associated glycoproteins and placental lactogen at day 160 of gestation (although not on other days examined). DKK1 treatment also resulted in calves that were heavier at birth as compared to calves derived from control embryos. After birth, DKK1 calves grew slower than controls. Results confirm that DKK1 alters the developmental program of the bovine embryo to affect both prenatal and postnatal phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago F Amaral
- Department of Animal Sciences, Donald Henry Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, and the Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville FL, USA.,Current position: Zoetis, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| | - Angela Gonella Diaza
- North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Marianna, FL, USA
| | - Daniella Heredia
- North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Marianna, FL, USA
| | - Gabriela D Melo
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA
| | - Eliab Estrada-Cortés
- Department of Animal Sciences, Donald Henry Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, and the Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville FL, USA.,Campo Experimental Centro Altos de Jalisco, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Tepatitlán de Morelos, Jalisco, México
| | - Laura M Jensen
- Department of Animal Sciences, Donald Henry Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, and the Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville FL, USA
| | - Ky Pohler
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA
| | - Peter J Hansen
- Department of Animal Sciences, Donald Henry Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, and the Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville FL, USA
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Pluripotent Core in Bovine Embryos: A Review. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12081010. [PMID: 35454256 PMCID: PMC9032358 DOI: 10.3390/ani12081010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Early development in mammals is characterized by the ability of each cell to produce a complete organism plus the extraembryonic, or placental, cells, defined as pluripotency. During subsequent development, pluripotency is lost, and cells begin to differentiate to a particular cell fate. This review summarizes the current knowledge of pluripotency features of bovine embryos cultured in vitro, focusing on the core of pluripotency genes (OCT4, NANOG, SOX2, and CDX2), and main chemical strategies for controlling pluripotent networks during early development. Finally, we discuss the applicability of manipulating pluripotency during the morula to blastocyst transition in cattle species.
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First person – Yao Xiao. Biol Open 2021. [DOI: 10.1242/bio.059099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
First Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Biology Open, helping early-career researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Yao Xiao is first author on ‘ Regulation of NANOG and SOX2 expression by activin A and a canonical WNT agonist in bovine embryonic stem cells and blastocysts’, published in BiO. Yao conducted the research described in this article while a postdoc in Peter J. Hansen's lab at Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville Florida, USA. He is now an associate professor in the lab of Jinming Huang at Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, at the Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China, investigating regulation of cell potency in cattle.
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