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Homeoprotein Msx1-PIASy Interaction Inhibits Angiogenesis. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081854. [PMID: 32784646 PMCID: PMC7463958 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, we demonstrated that the homeoprotein Msx1 interaction with p53 inhibited tumor growth by inducing apoptosis. However, Msx1 can exert its tumor suppressive effect through the inhibition of angiogenesis since growth of the tumor relies on sufficient blood supply from the existing vessels to provide oxygen and nutrients for tumor growth. We hypothesized that the inhibition of tumor growth by Msx1 might be due to the inhibition of angiogenesis. Here, we explored the role of Msx1 in angiogenesis. Overexpression of Msx1 in HUVECs inhibited angiogenesis, and silencing of Msx1 by siRNA abrogated its anti-angiogenic effects. Furthermore, forced expression of Msx1 in mouse muscle tissue inhibited vessel sprouting, and application of an Ad-Msx1-transfected conditioned medium onto the chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) led to a significant inhibition of new vessel formation. To explore the underlying mechanism of Msx1-mediated angiogenesis, yeast two-hybrid screening was performed, and we identified PIASy (protein inhibitor of activated STAT Y) as a novel Msx1-interacting protein. We mapped the homeodomain of Msx1 and the C-terminal domain of PIASy as respective interacting domains. Consistent with its anti-angiogenic function, overexpression of Msx1 suppressed the reporter activity of VEGF. Interestingly, PIASy stabilized Msx1 protein, whereas deletion of the Msx1-interacting domain in PIASy abrogated the inhibition of tube formation and the stabilization of Msx1 protein. Our findings suggest the functional importance of PIASy-Msx1 interaction in Msx1-mediated angiogenesis inhibition.
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Seefried L, Müller-Deubert S, Krug M, Youssef A, Schütze N, Ignatius A, Jakob F, Ebert R. Dissection of mechanoresponse elements in promoter sites of the mechanoresponsive CYR61 gene. Exp Cell Res 2017; 354:103-111. [PMID: 28322825 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Mechanotransduction is important for mesenchymal regeneration and differentiation. Exaggerated high or very low impact yields pathological outcome resulting in fracture or tissue atrophy. Pathological strain in animal models was described but tools to dissect the respective stimuli and downstream pathways are limited. We expand the analytical tools to describe DNA strain response elements in a reporter gene approach. Deletion constructs of the human cysteine-rich protein 61 (CYR61) promoter were cloned into luciferase vectors and stably transfected into human telomerase-immortalised mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC-TERT). Cells were mechanically stimulated with variable frequencies, amplitudes and durations. Promoter activity was determined as well as CYR61 mRNA and protein expression. In silico promoter analysis identified putative transcription factor binding sites, one of which was a cAMP response element, verified by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. We demonstrate for the first time that the activity of promoter regions is inhibited in low, but stimulated in high frequency stimulations. We conclude that by varying conditions of mechanical strain it is possible to characterize stimulatory versus inhibitory strain on cellular levels. Our work may be helpful in future studies to dissect the molecular pathways of physiological versus pathological strain and may have implications for clinical exercise based treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lothar Seefried
- Orthopedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Orthopedic Department, University of Würzburg, Friedrich-Bergius-Ring 15, 97076 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sigrid Müller-Deubert
- Orthopedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Orthopedic Department, University of Würzburg, Friedrich-Bergius-Ring 15, 97076 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Krug
- Orthopedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Orthopedic Department, University of Würzburg, Friedrich-Bergius-Ring 15, 97076 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Almoatazbellah Youssef
- Orthopedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Orthopedic Department, University of Würzburg, Friedrich-Bergius-Ring 15, 97076 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Norbert Schütze
- Orthopedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Orthopedic Department, University of Würzburg, Friedrich-Bergius-Ring 15, 97076 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anita Ignatius
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Center of Musculoskeletal Research, University of Ulm, Helmholtzstrasse 14, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Franz Jakob
- Orthopedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Orthopedic Department, University of Würzburg, Friedrich-Bergius-Ring 15, 97076 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Regina Ebert
- Orthopedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Orthopedic Department, University of Würzburg, Friedrich-Bergius-Ring 15, 97076 Würzburg, Germany.
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Vandersmissen I, Craps S, Depypere M, Coppiello G, van Gastel N, Maes F, Carmeliet G, Schrooten J, Jones EAV, Umans L, Devlieger R, Koole M, Gheysens O, Zwijsen A, Aranguren XL, Luttun A. Endothelial Msx1 transduces hemodynamic changes into an arteriogenic remodeling response. J Cell Biol 2015; 210:1239-56. [PMID: 26391659 PMCID: PMC4586738 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201502003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
During peripheral arterial disease, MSX1 acts downstream of BMP–SMAD signaling to transduce the arterial shear stimulus into an arteriogenic remodeling response. MSX1 activates collateral endothelium into a proinflammatory state through ICAM1/VCAM1 up-regulation, resulting in increased leukocyte infiltration and collateral remodeling. Collateral remodeling is critical for blood flow restoration in peripheral arterial disease and is triggered by increasing fluid shear stress in preexisting collateral arteries. So far, no arterial-specific mediators of this mechanotransduction response have been identified. We show that muscle segment homeobox 1 (MSX1) acts exclusively in collateral arterial endothelium to transduce the extrinsic shear stimulus into an arteriogenic remodeling response. MSX1 was specifically up-regulated in remodeling collateral arteries. MSX1 induction in collateral endothelial cells (ECs) was shear stress driven and downstream of canonical bone morphogenetic protein–SMAD signaling. Flow recovery and collateral remodeling were significantly blunted in EC-specific Msx1/2 knockout mice. Mechanistically, MSX1 linked the arterial shear stimulus to arteriogenic remodeling by activating the endothelial but not medial layer to a proinflammatory state because EC but not smooth muscle cellMsx1/2 knockout mice had reduced leukocyte recruitment to remodeling collateral arteries. This reduced leukocyte infiltration in EC Msx1/2 knockout mice originated from decreased levels of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1)/vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1), whose expression was also in vitro driven by promoter binding of MSX1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ine Vandersmissen
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sander Craps
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maarten Depypere
- Department of Electrical Engineering/Processing Speech and Images, Medical Image Computing, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Giulia Coppiello
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium Hematology and Cell Therapy Area, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and Division of Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nick van Gastel
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frederik Maes
- Department of Electrical Engineering/Processing Speech and Images, Medical Image Computing, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Schrooten
- Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elizabeth A V Jones
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lieve Umans
- Laboratory of Developmental Signaling, VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Celgen), Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Roland Devlieger
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michel Koole
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Olivier Gheysens
- Department of Nuclear Medicine University Hospital Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - An Zwijsen
- Laboratory of Developmental Signaling, VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Xabier L Aranguren
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium Hematology and Cell Therapy Area, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and Division of Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Aernout Luttun
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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