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Lamacova L, Jansova D, Jiang Z, Dvoran M, Aleshkina D, Iyyappan R, Jindrova A, Fan HY, Jiao Y, Susor A. CPEB3 Maintains Developmental Competence of the Oocyte. Cells 2024; 13:850. [PMID: 38786074 PMCID: PMC11119423 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Mammalian oocyte development depends on the temporally controlled translation of maternal transcripts, particularly in the coordination of meiotic and early embryonic development when transcription has ceased. The translation of mRNA is regulated by various RNA-binding proteins. We show that the absence of cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 3 (CPEB3) negatively affects female reproductive fitness. CPEB3-depleted oocytes undergo meiosis normally but experience early embryonic arrest due to a disrupted transcriptome, leading to aberrant protein expression and the subsequent failure of embryonic transcription initiation. We found that CPEB3 stabilizes a subset of mRNAs with a significantly longer 3'UTR that is enriched in its distal region with cytoplasmic polyadenylation elements. Overall, our results suggest that CPEB3 is an important maternal factor that regulates the stability and translation of a subclass of mRNAs that are essential for the initiation of embryonic transcription and thus for embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Lamacova
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Germ Cells, IAPG CAS, Rumburska 89, 277 21 Libechov, Czech Republic
| | - Denisa Jansova
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Germ Cells, IAPG CAS, Rumburska 89, 277 21 Libechov, Czech Republic
| | - Zongliang Jiang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Michal Dvoran
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Germ Cells, IAPG CAS, Rumburska 89, 277 21 Libechov, Czech Republic
| | - Daria Aleshkina
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Germ Cells, IAPG CAS, Rumburska 89, 277 21 Libechov, Czech Republic
| | - Rajan Iyyappan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Germ Cells, IAPG CAS, Rumburska 89, 277 21 Libechov, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Jindrova
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Germ Cells, IAPG CAS, Rumburska 89, 277 21 Libechov, Czech Republic
| | - Heng-Yu Fan
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuxuan Jiao
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Andrej Susor
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Germ Cells, IAPG CAS, Rumburska 89, 277 21 Libechov, Czech Republic
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Cohen LRZ, Meshorer E. The many faces of H3.3 in regulating chromatin in embryonic stem cells and beyond. Trends Cell Biol 2024:S0962-8924(24)00052-7. [PMID: 38614918 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
H3.3 is a highly conserved nonreplicative histone variant. H3.3 is enriched in promoters and enhancers of active genes, but it is also found within suppressed heterochromatin, mostly around telomeres. Accordingly, H3.3 is associated with seemingly contradicting functions: It is involved in development, differentiation, reprogramming, and cell fate, as well as in heterochromatin formation and maintenance, and the silencing of developmental genes. The emerging view is that different cellular contexts and histone modifications can promote opposing functions for H3.3. Here, we aim to provide an update with a focus on H3.3 functions in early mammalian development, considering the context of embryonic stem cell maintenance and differentiation, to finally conclude with emerging roles in cancer development and cell fate transition and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea R Z Cohen
- Department of Genetics, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel; The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eran Meshorer
- Department of Genetics, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel; The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
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3
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Song S, Wang N, Huang XW, Jiang Q, Cheng XR, Pang N, Lei L. Daxx knockdown promoted rDNA transcription without impairing H3.3 expression in mouse preimplantation embryos. Anat Histol Embryol 2024; 53:e12974. [PMID: 37767699 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
During fertilization, DAXX (death domain-associated protein) mediates histone variant H3.3 incorporation into heterochromatin, which plays an important role in the maintenance of genomic integrity. rDNA, the ribosomal gene, is included in the first wave of gene activation after fertilization. Our and other studies indicated that loss of Daxx disturbs rDNA heterochromatinization and promotes rDNA transcription without change in protein expression of H3.3. However, maternal and zygotic deletion of Daxx impairs blastocyst development. Whether Daxx knockdown affects H3.3 expression and improves the rDNA transcription in preimplantation development has not been reported. In the present study, we injected HA-labelled H3.3 (H3.3-HA) into oocytes during ICSI procedure, and detected H3.3 and DAXX by immunofluorescent staining. Then, we knockdowned Daxx and detected the gene expression levels of Daxx, H3.3, 18s and 47s rRNA. We also performed immunofluorescent staining of B23, γH2A and EdU incorporation to demonstrate nuclear structure, DNA damage and replication. We found injection of H3.3-HA did not impair preimplantation development. Daxx siRNA did not change expression of H3.3 mRNA, and the development of two-cell embryos and blastocysts, but the overall replication and expression levels of rRNA were increased compared with that in the control group. Finally, knockdown of DAXX did not aggravate the DNA damage but loosened the nucleolus. We concluded that Daxx knockdown promoted DNA replication and rDNA transcription, but did not affect H3.3 expression and subsequent preimplantation development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihang Song
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, China
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xing-Wei Huang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qi Jiang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiang-Rong Cheng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Nan Pang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lei Lei
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Briley SM, Ahmed AA, Steenwinkel TE, Jiang P, Hartig SM, Schindler K, Pangas SA. Global SUMOylation in mouse oocytes maintains oocyte identity and regulates chromatin remodeling and transcriptional silencing at the end of folliculogenesis. Development 2023; 150:dev201535. [PMID: 37676777 PMCID: PMC10499029 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Meiotically competent oocytes in mammals undergo cyclic development during folliculogenesis. Oocytes within ovarian follicles are transcriptionally active, producing and storing transcripts required for oocyte growth, somatic cell communication and early embryogenesis. Transcription ceases as oocytes transition from growth to maturation and does not resume until zygotic genome activation. Although SUMOylation, a post-translational modification, plays multifaceted roles in transcriptional regulation, its involvement during oocyte development remains poorly understood. In this study, we generated an oocyte-specific knockout of Ube2i, encoding the SUMO E2 enzyme UBE2I, using Zp3-cre+ to determine how loss of oocyte SUMOylation during folliculogenesis affects oocyte development. Ube2i Zp3-cre+ female knockout mice were sterile, with oocyte defects in meiotic competence, spindle architecture and chromosome alignment, and a premature arrest in metaphase I. Additionally, fully grown Ube2i Zp3-cre+ oocytes exhibited sustained transcriptional activity but downregulated maternal effect genes and prematurely activated genes and retrotransposons typically associated with zygotic genome activation. These findings demonstrate that UBE2I is required for the acquisition of key hallmarks of oocyte development during folliculogenesis, and highlight UBE2I as a previously unreported orchestrator of transcriptional regulation in mouse oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn M. Briley
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Avery A. Ahmed
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Graduate Program in Development, Disease Models & Therapeutics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tessa E. Steenwinkel
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Graduate Program in Development, Disease Models & Therapeutics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Peixin Jiang
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sean M. Hartig
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, & Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Karen Schindler
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Stephanie A. Pangas
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Graduate Program in Development, Disease Models & Therapeutics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Belew MD, Chien E, Michael WM. Characterization of factors that underlie transcriptional silencing in C. elegans oocytes. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010831. [PMID: 37478128 PMCID: PMC10395837 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
While it has been appreciated for decades that prophase-arrested oocytes are transcriptionally silenced on a global level, the molecular pathways that promote silencing have remained elusive. Previous work in C. elegans has shown that both topoisomerase II (TOP-2) and condensin II collaborate with the H3K9me heterochromatin pathway to silence gene expression in the germline during L1 starvation, and that the PIE-1 protein silences the genome in the P-lineage of early embryos. Here, we show that all three of these silencing systems, TOP-2/condensin II, H3K9me, and PIE-1, are required for transcriptional repression in oocytes. We find that H3K9me3 marks increase dramatically on chromatin during silencing, and that silencing is under cell cycle control. We also find that PIE-1 localizes to the nucleolus just prior to silencing, and that nucleolar dissolution during silencing is dependent on TOP-2/condensin II. Our data identify both the molecular components and the trigger for genome silencing in oocytes and establish a link between PIE-1 nucleolar residency and its ability to repress transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mezmur D Belew
- Department of Biological Sciences, Molecular and Computational Biology Section, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Emilie Chien
- Department of Biological Sciences, Molecular and Computational Biology Section, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - W Matthew Michael
- Department of Biological Sciences, Molecular and Computational Biology Section, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
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Di Liegro CM, Schiera G, Schirò G, Di Liegro I. Involvement of the H3.3 Histone Variant in the Epigenetic Regulation of Gene Expression in the Nervous System, in Both Physiological and Pathological Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11028. [PMID: 37446205 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
All the cells of an organism contain the same genome. However, each cell expresses only a minor fraction of its potential and, in particular, the genes encoding the proteins necessary for basal metabolism and the proteins responsible for its specific phenotype. The ability to use only the right and necessary genes involved in specific functions depends on the structural organization of the nuclear chromatin, which in turn depends on the epigenetic history of each cell, which is stored in the form of a collection of DNA and protein modifications. Among these modifications, DNA methylation and many kinds of post-translational modifications of histones play a key role in organizing the complex indexing of usable genes. In addition, non-canonical histone proteins (also known as histone variants), the synthesis of which is not directly linked with DNA replication, are used to mark specific regions of the genome. Here, we will discuss the role of the H3.3 histone variant, with particular attention to its loading into chromatin in the mammalian nervous system, both in physiological and pathological conditions. Indeed, chromatin modifications that mark cell memory seem to be of special importance for the cells involved in the complex processes of learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Maria Di Liegro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Gabriella Schiera
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Schirò
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Italia Di Liegro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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Latham KE. Preimplantation embryo gene expression: 56 years of discovery, and counting. Mol Reprod Dev 2023; 90:169-200. [PMID: 36812478 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
The biology of preimplantation embryo gene expression began 56 years ago with studies of the effects of protein synthesis inhibition and discovery of changes in embryo metabolism and related enzyme activities. The field accelerated rapidly with the emergence of embryo culture systems and progressively evolving methodologies that have allowed early questions to be re-addressed in new ways and in greater detail, leading to deeper understanding and progressively more targeted studies to discover ever more fine details. The advent of technologies for assisted reproduction, preimplantation genetic testing, stem cell manipulations, artificial gametes, and genetic manipulation, particularly in experimental animal models and livestock species, has further elevated the desire to understand preimplantation development in greater detail. The questions that drove enquiry from the earliest years of the field remain drivers of enquiry today. Our understanding of the crucial roles of oocyte-expressed RNA and proteins in early embryos, temporal patterns of embryonic gene expression, and mechanisms controlling embryonic gene expression has increased exponentially over the past five and a half decades as new analytical methods emerged. This review combines early and recent discoveries on gene regulation and expression in mature oocytes and preimplantation stage embryos to provide a comprehensive understanding of preimplantation embryo biology and to anticipate exciting future advances that will build upon and extend what has been discovered so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith E Latham
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.,Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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