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Cavarocchi E, Drouault M, Ribeiro JC, Simon V, Whitfield M, Touré A. Human asthenozoospermia: Update on genetic causes, patient management, and clinical strategies. Andrology 2025. [PMID: 39748639 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2024] [Revised: 11/28/2024] [Accepted: 12/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/04/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In mammals, sperm fertilization potential relies on efficient progression within the female genital tract to reach and fertilize the oocyte. This fundamental property is supported by the flagellum, an evolutionarily conserved organelle, which contains dynein motor proteins that provide the mechanical force for sperm propulsion and motility. Primary motility of the sperm cells is acquired during their transit through the epididymis and hyperactivated motility is acquired throughout the journey in the female genital tract by a process called capacitation. These activation processes rely on the micro-environment of the genital tracts. In particular, during capacitation, a panoply of ion transporters located at the surface of the sperm cells mediate complex ion exchanges, which induce an increase in plasma membrane fluidity, the alkalinization of the cytoplasm and protein phosphorylation cascades that are compulsory for sperm hyperactivation and fertilization potential. As a consequence, both structural and functional defects of the sperm flagellum can affect sperm motility, resulting in asthenozoospermia, which constitutes the most predominant pathological condition associated with human male infertility. OBJECTIVES Herein, we have performed a literature review to provide a comprehensive description of the recent advances in the genetics of human asthenozoospermia. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION We describe the currently knowledge on gene mutations that affect sperm morphology and motility, namely, asthenoteratozoospermia; we also specify the gene mutations that exclusively affect sperm function and activation, resulting in functional asthenozoospermia. We discuss the benefit of this knowledge for patient and couple management, in terms of genetic counselling and diagnosis of male infertility as a sole phenotype or in association with ciliary defects. Last, we discuss the current strategies that have been initiated for the development of potential therapeutical and contraceptive strategies targeting genes that are essential for sperm function and activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Cavarocchi
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Team "Physiopathology and Pathophysiology of Sperm Cells", Grenoble, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Research Center, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproduction, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maëva Drouault
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Team "Physiopathology and Pathophysiology of Sperm Cells", Grenoble, France
| | - Joao C Ribeiro
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Team "Physiopathology and Pathophysiology of Sperm Cells", Grenoble, France
- Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Violaine Simon
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Team "Physiopathology and Pathophysiology of Sperm Cells", Grenoble, France
| | - Marjorie Whitfield
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Team "Physiopathology and Pathophysiology of Sperm Cells", Grenoble, France
| | - Aminata Touré
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Team "Physiopathology and Pathophysiology of Sperm Cells", Grenoble, France
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Wang Y. Prognostic significance of CNNM4 in ovarian cancer: a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1483425. [PMID: 39691602 PMCID: PMC11649545 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1483425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 11/18/2024] [Indexed: 12/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer (OV) is a common malignancy in the female reproductive system, characterized by poor prognosis and high recurrence rates. The discovery of dependable molecular markers is crucial for improving the timeliness of detection, diagnosis, and treatment, ultimately aiming to lower fatality rates. CNNM4 (cyclin and CBS domain divalent metal cation transport mediator 4), a member of the CNNM (Cyclin M) family, binds to PRL (prolactin) to regulate magnesium homeostasis and influence tumor cell proliferation. Although CNNM4 is implicated in various cancers, its role in OV remains unclear. Methods In vitro experiments assessed CNNM4 expression and its impact on the proliferation and migration of OV cells. Comparisons of TCGA and GTEx data were used to identify correlations between clinical features and outcomes. The role of CNNM4 in OV was further explored through comprehensive bioinformatics analyses. Results Elevated levels of CNNM4 expression were observed in OV cells and tissues, and were linked to a poor prognosis. CNNM4 could modulate the proliferation and migration of various OV cell lines, including IOSE-80, SKOV-3, and A2780. Through involvement in multiple signaling pathways, evidenced by GSVA and GSEA, CNNM4 was implicated in OV progression. CNNM4 positively regulated the infiltration level of Macrophages M2, T cells CD4 memory resting and NK cells resting, and had a negative regulation effect on NK cells activated and T cells gamma delta. Moreover, CNNM4 is related to drug sensitivity of OV. A prediction model based on CNNM4 expression and clinical symptoms was constructed to predict OV prognosis. Conclusion CNNM4 may affect the progression of OV and is associated with a poor prognosis. It has potential as a biomarker for predicting survival and as a target for therapeutic interventions in OV patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiya Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Qilu Normal University, Jinan, China
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Aikawa S, Hiraoka T, Matsuo M, Fukui Y, Fujita H, Saito-Fujita T, Shimizu-Hirota R, Takeda N, Hiratsuka D, He X, Ishizawa C, Iida R, Akaeda S, Harada M, Wada-Hiraike O, Ikawa M, Osuga Y, Hirota Y. Spatiotemporal functions of leukemia inhibitory factor in embryo attachment and implantation chamber formation. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:481. [PMID: 39587062 PMCID: PMC11589870 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02228-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2024] [Revised: 10/22/2024] [Accepted: 10/24/2024] [Indexed: 11/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Embryo implantation is crucial for successful pregnancy, requiring appropriate uterine responses to implantation-competent blastocysts. Molecular communication at the maternal-fetal junction governs this process. Leukemia inhibitory factor (Lif) plays a pivotal role in implantation across species. Lif is abundantly expressed in the glandular epithelium during blastocyst-receptive phase and is induced in the stroma surrounding attached blastocysts. While diminished Lif expression leads to infertility, its influence on peri-implantation uteri remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the role of Lif in uterine physiology using its uterine-specific knockout (uKO) and uterine epithelial-specific KO (eKO) in mice. Lif eKO and uKO mice displayed infertility owing to failed embryo attachment. Recombinant Lif supplementation rescued the reproductive phenotype of Lif eKO mice, but not Lif uKO mice; however, recombinant Lif injection rescued embryo attachment in Lif uKO mice. RNA-seq analysis indicated that Lif governs uterine epithelial genes, but not embryonic genes, to facilitate embryo attachment via activating nuclear Stat3. Concordantly, three-dimensional imaging of the uterine epithelium revealed that luminal closure and crypt formation are regulated by the uterine Lif-Stat3 axis as well as the presence of blastocysts. Collectively, our findings shed light on previously unknown mechanism on how Lif influences uterine functions molecularly and physiologically during early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizu Aikawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehiro Hiraoka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Matsuo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yamato Fukui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Fujita
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoko Saito-Fujita
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Cancer Institute of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoko Shimizu-Hirota
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Preventive Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norihiko Takeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daiki Hiratsuka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xueting He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chihiro Ishizawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rei Iida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shun Akaeda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miyuki Harada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Wada-Hiraike
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahito Ikawa
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yutaka Osuga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Hirota
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Rattanapornsompong K, Rinkrathok M, Sriwattanapong K, Shotelersuk V, Porntaveetus T. Functional and pathogenic insights into CNNM4 variants in Jalili syndrome. Sci Rep 2024; 14:29091. [PMID: 39580587 PMCID: PMC11585565 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-80720-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 11/21/2024] [Indexed: 11/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Jalili syndrome, an autosomal recessive disorder causing cone-rod dystrophy and amelogenesis imperfecta, is a rare genetic disorder impacting visual and dental development. Missense variants (c.1474G > T and c.1475G > A) previously identified in patients with Jalili syndrome have been linked to functional impairment of CNNM4, however, the biological consequences of these pathogenic variants remain largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the functional implications of these CNNM4 missense variants, which correspond to p.(Gly492Cys) and p.(Gly492Asp) substitutions within the CBS domain of the CNNM4 protein. Our findings demonstrated that these variants exhibit significantly reduced protein stability and increased mRNA decay rates compared with wild type. Despite exhibiting normal Mg2+ localization, the mutant proteins demonstrated significantly reduced Mg²⁺ extrusion activity. This suggests that the pathogenic mechanism underlying Jalili syndrome associated with these variants likely involves decreased mRNA and/or protein stability, rather than mislocalization. Our study provides valuable insights into the interplay between genetic variations, molecular stability, and functional consequences in the context of CNNM4-related disorders, highlighting the importance of CNNM4-mediated Mg²⁺ transport in Jalili syndrome. Further investigation into the mechanisms regulating CNNM4 expression and protein stability may reveal potential therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khanti Rattanapornsompong
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Mawika Rinkrathok
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Kanokwan Sriwattanapong
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Division of Academic Affairs, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Vorasuk Shotelersuk
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Thantrira Porntaveetus
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- International Program in Geriatric Dentistry and Special Patients Care, Clinical Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Tanaka T, Isonishi A, Banja M, Yamamoto R, Sonobe M, Okuda-Ashitaka E, Furue H, Okuda H, Tatsumi K, Wanaka A. Dermal macrophages control tactile perception under physiological conditions via NGF signaling. Sci Rep 2024; 14:27192. [PMID: 39516548 PMCID: PMC11549316 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-78683-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 11/04/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
We demonstrated previously that sorting nexin 25 (SNX25) in nerve-associated macrophages plays critical roles in pain sensation by regulating tissue NGF content under both physiological and neuropathic conditions. In the present study, we apply the SNX25-NGF paradigm to tactile perception by showing that Snx25+/- mice or macrophage-specific Snx25 conditional knock-out (mcKO) mice had weaker responses to tactile stimuli in normal conditions. Snx25 mcKO mice responded poorly to transcutaneous electrical stimuli at a frequency of 5 Hz (C fiber responses), but normally to stimuli at a frequency of 250 Hz (Aδ fiber responses) or of 2000 Hz (Aβ fiber responses). CX3CR1-positive dermal macrophages were frequently found near calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)- positive nerves and, less frequently, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive nerves. We confirmed that the tissue content of NGF was lower in Snx25 mcKO mice than in wild-type mice, and in turn, dermal NGF injection restored tactile sensitivity in Snx25+/- mice and Snx25 mcKO mice to normal levels. These results indicate that CGRP-positive C-nociceptors (possibly also TH-positive C-LTMRs) associated dermal macrophages control tactile perception by producing NGF and secreting it into the dermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuhide Tanaka
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
| | - Ayami Isonishi
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Mitsuko Banja
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Rikuto Yamamoto
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaki Sonobe
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Emiko Okuda-Ashitaka
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidemasa Furue
- Department of Neurophysiology, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Okuda
- Department of Functional Morphology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kouko Tatsumi
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Akio Wanaka
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
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Chen YS, Gehring K. New insights into the structure and function of CNNM proteins. FEBS J 2023; 290:5475-5495. [PMID: 37222397 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg2+ ) is the most abundant divalent cation in cells and plays key roles in almost all biological processes. CBS-pair domain divalent metal cation transport mediators (CNNMs) are a newly characterized class of Mg2+ transporters present throughout biology. Originally discovered in bacteria, there are four CNNM proteins in humans, which are involved in divalent cation transport, genetic diseases, and cancer. Eukaryotic CNNMs are composed of four domains: an extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain, a cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS)-pair domain, and a cyclic nucleotide-binding homology domain. The transmembrane and CBS-pair core are the defining features of CNNM proteins with over 20 000 protein sequences known from over 8000 species. Here, we review the structural and functional studies of eukaryotic and prokaryotic CNNMs that underlie our understanding of their regulation and mechanism of ion transport. Recent structures of prokaryotic CNNMs confirm the transmembrane domain mediates ion transport with the CBS-pair domain likely playing a regulatory role through binding divalent cations. Studies of mammalian CNNMs have identified new binding partners. These advances are driving progress in understanding this deeply conserved and widespread family of ion transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Seby Chen
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kalle Gehring
- Department of Biochemistry & Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Funato Y, Hashizume O, Miki H. Phosphatase-independent role of phosphatase of regenerating liver in cancer progression. Cancer Sci 2022; 114:25-33. [PMID: 36285487 PMCID: PMC9807511 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphatase of regenerating liver (PRL) is a family of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) that are anchored to the plasma membrane by prenylation. They are frequently overexpressed in various types of malignant cancers and their roles in cancer progression have received considerable attention. Mutational analyses of PRLs have shown that their intrinsic phosphatase activity is dispensable for tumor formation induced by PRL overexpression in a lung metastasis model using melanoma cells. Instead, PRLs directly bind to cyclin M (CNNM) Mg2+ exporters in the plasma membrane and potently inhibit their Mg2+ export activity, resulting in an increase in intracellular Mg2+ levels. Experiments using mammalian culture cells, mice, and C. elegans have collectively revealed that dysregulation of Mg2+ levels severely affects ATP and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels as well as the function of Ca2+ -permeable channels. Moreover, PRL overexpression altered the optimal pH for cell proliferation from normal 7.5 to acidic 6.5, which is typically observed in malignant tumors. Here, we review the phosphatase-independent biological functions of PRLs, focusing on their interactions with CNNM Mg2+ exporters in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Funato
- Department of Cellular RegulationResearch Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Osamu Hashizume
- Department of Cellular RegulationResearch Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Hiroaki Miki
- Department of Cellular RegulationResearch Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan,Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER)Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan
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Cavarocchi E, Whitfield M, Saez F, Touré A. Sperm Ion Transporters and Channels in Human Asthenozoospermia: Genetic Etiology, Lessons from Animal Models, and Clinical Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073926. [PMID: 35409285 PMCID: PMC8999829 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, sperm fertilization potential relies on efficient progression within the female genital tract to reach and fertilize the oocyte. This fundamental property is supported by the flagellum, an evolutionarily conserved organelle that provides the mechanical force for sperm propulsion and motility. Importantly several functional maturation events that occur during the journey of the sperm cells through the genital tracts are necessary for the activation of flagellar beating and the acquisition of fertilization potential. Ion transporters and channels located at the surface of the sperm cells have been demonstrated to be involved in these processes, in particular, through the activation of downstream signaling pathways and the promotion of novel biochemical and electrophysiological properties in the sperm cells. We performed a systematic literature review to describe the currently known genetic alterations in humans that affect sperm ion transporters and channels and result in asthenozoospermia, a pathophysiological condition defined by reduced or absent sperm motility and observed in nearly 80% of infertile men. We also present the physiological relevance and functional mechanisms of additional ion channels identified in the mouse. Finally, considering the state-of-the art, we discuss future perspectives in terms of therapeutics of asthenozoospermia and male contraception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Cavarocchi
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; (E.C.); (M.W.)
| | - Marjorie Whitfield
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; (E.C.); (M.W.)
| | - Fabrice Saez
- UMR GReD Institute (Génétique Reproduction & Développement) CNRS 6293, INSERM U1103, Team «Mécanismes de L’Infertilité Mâle Post-Testiculaire», Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Correspondence: (F.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Aminata Touré
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; (E.C.); (M.W.)
- Correspondence: (F.S.); (A.T.)
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Staphylococcus-Induced Bacteriospermia In Vitro: Consequences on the Bovine Spermatozoa Quality, Extracellular Calcium and Magnesium Content. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11113309. [PMID: 34828039 PMCID: PMC8614656 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Livestock semen is often contaminated by opportunistic bacterial pathogens originating from an intrinsic environment of the urogenital tract. Particularly, species classified in the Staphylococcus genus are predominantly represented in bovine ejaculates. Until recently, it was believed that these are a negligible part of the bovine ejaculate; however, recent studies revealed their potentially adverse effects on the sperm quality. Hereby, we simulated staphylococcal infection of bovine semen under laboratory conditions and analyzed its consequences on the sperm quality. Abstract Bacterial contamination of bovine ejaculates intended for artificial insemination may be reflected in a significant economic loss due to unsuccessful fertilization as well as health issues of the recipients. The Staphylococcus genus represents a large part of bacteriocenosis of bovine ejaculates. Therefore, this study aims to get a closer look on the effects of Staphylococcus-induced bacteriospermia under in vitro conditions on bovine sperm quality. Prior to inducing bacteriospermia, spermatozoa were separated from each ejaculate using Percoll® Plus gradient medium in order to limit the effects only to the selected bacterial species. Seven Staphylococcus species previously isolated from bovine semen were used for our experiments at a turbidity of 0.5 McFarland (equivalent to 1.5 × 108 colony-forming units per mL). The contaminated semen samples were incubated at 37 °C and at times of 0, 2, and 4 h, motility, mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, sperm DNA fragmentation, and magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) extracellular concentration were analyzed and compared with the control group (uncontaminated). The results showed no significant changes at the initial measurement. However, significant adverse effects were observed after 2 h and 4 h of incubation. Most notably, the presence of S. aureus, S. warneri, S. kloosii, and S. cohnii caused a significantly increased ROS production, leading to sperm DNA fragmentation, changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential, and a decreased sperm motility. Furthermore, the presence of Staphylococcus species led to lower extracellular concentrations of Mg and Ca. In conclusion, the overgrowth of Staphylococcus bacteria in bovine semen may contribute to oxidative stress resulting in sperm DNA fragmentation, altered mitochondrial membrane potential, and diminished sperm motility.
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Abstract
CNNM/CorB proteins are a broadly conserved family of integral membrane proteins with close to 90,000 protein sequences known. They are associated with Mg2+ transport but it is not known if they mediate transport themselves or regulate other transporters. Here, we determine the crystal structure of an archaeal CorB protein in two conformations (apo and Mg2+-ATP bound). The transmembrane DUF21 domain exists in an inward-facing conformation with a Mg2+ ion coordinated by a conserved π-helix. In the absence of Mg2+-ATP, the CBS-pair domain adopts an elongated dimeric configuration with previously unobserved domain-domain contacts. Hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry, analytical ultracentrifugation, and molecular dynamics experiments support a role of the structural rearrangements in mediating Mg2+-ATP sensing. Lastly, we use an in vitro, liposome-based assay to demonstrate direct Mg2+ transport by CorB proteins. These structural and functional insights provide a framework for understanding function of CNNMs in Mg2+ transport and associated diseases.
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Funato Y, Yamazaki D, Okuzaki D, Yamamoto N, Miki H. Importance of the renal ion channel TRPM6 in the circadian secretion of renin to raise blood pressure. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3683. [PMID: 34140503 PMCID: PMC8211686 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24063-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood pressure has a daily pattern, with higher values in the active period. Its elevation at the onset of the active period substantially increases the risk of fatal cardiovascular events. Renin secretion stimulated by renal sympathetic neurons is considered essential to this process; however, its regulatory mechanism remains largely unknown. Here, we show the importance of transient receptor potential melastatin-related 6 (TRPM6), a Mg2+-permeable cation channel, in augmenting renin secretion in the active period. TRPM6 expression is significantly reduced in the distal convoluted tubule of hypotensive Cnnm2-deficient mice. We generate kidney-specific Trpm6-deficient mice and observe a decrease in blood pressure and a disappearance of its circadian variation. Consistently, renin secretion is not augmented in the active period. Furthermore, renin secretion after pharmacological activation of β-adrenoreceptor, the target of neuronal stimulation, is abrogated, and the receptor expression is decreased in renin-secreting cells. These results indicate crucial roles of TRPM6 in the circadian regulation of blood pressure. Circadian variation of blood pressure, with higher values in the active period, is associated with the risk of fatal cardiovascular events. Here, we show the importance of renal TRPM6, a Magnesium-permeable cation channel, in raising blood pressure by stimulating renin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Funato
- Department of Cellular Regulation, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yamazaki
- Department of Cellular Regulation, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuzaki
- Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Yamamoto
- Neuroscience Laboratories, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Miki
- Department of Cellular Regulation, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
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12
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Maruyama K, Kidoya H, Takemura N, Sugisawa E, Takeuchi O, Kondo T, Eid MMA, Tanaka H, Martino MM, Takakura N, Takayama Y, Akira S, Vandenbon A, Kumagai Y. Zinc Finger Protein St18 Protects against Septic Death by Inhibiting VEGF-A from Macrophages. Cell Rep 2021; 32:107906. [PMID: 32668247 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc finger protein St18 was initially reported as candidate tumor suppressor gene, and also suggested that fibroblast St18 positively regulates NF-κB activation. Despite the pleiotropic functions of St18, little is known about its roles in macrophages. Here, we report that myeloid St18 is a potent inhibitor of VEGF-A. Mice lacking St18 in myeloid lineages exhibit increased retinal vasculature with enhanced serum VEGF-A concentrations. Despite the normal activation of NF-κB target genes, these mice are highly susceptible to LPS-induced shock, polymicrobial sepsis, and experimental colitis, accompanied by enhanced vascular and intestinal leakage. Pharmacological inhibition of VEGF signaling rescued the high mortality rate of myeloid-specific St18-deficient mice in response to inflammation. Mechanistically, St18 directly binds to Sp1 and attenuates its activity, leading to the suppression of Sp1 target gene VEGF-A. Using mouse genetic and pharmacological models, we reveal myeloid St18 as a critical septic death protector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Maruyama
- WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Division of Cell Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Aichi 444-8787, Japan.
| | - Hiroyasu Kidoya
- Department of Signal Transduction, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Naoki Takemura
- Department of Mucosal Immunology, School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Erika Sugisawa
- WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Osamu Takeuchi
- Laboratory of Infection and Prevention, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kondo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8636, Japan
| | | | - Hiroki Tanaka
- WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mikaël M Martino
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory Australia, Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Nobuyuki Takakura
- Department of Signal Transduction, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yasunori Takayama
- Division of Cell Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Aichi 444-8787, Japan; Department of Physiological Sciences, Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | - Shizuo Akira
- WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Alexis Vandenbon
- Laboratory of Infection and Prevention, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yutaro Kumagai
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
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13
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Zhang H, Wu Y, Jiang Y. CNNM2-Related Disorders: Phenotype and Its Severity Were Associated With the Mode of Inheritance. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:699568. [PMID: 34604137 PMCID: PMC8481361 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.699568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CNNM2 (Cystathionine-β-synthase-pair Domain Divalent Metal Cation Transport Mediator 2) pathogenic variants have been reported to cause hypomagnesemia, epilepsy, and intellectual disability/developmental delay (ID/DD). We identified two new cases with CNNM2 novel de novo pathogenic variants, c.814T>C and c.976G>C. They both presented with infantile-onset epilepsy with DD and hypomagnesemia refractory to magnesium supplementation. To date, 21 cases with CNNM2-related disorders have been reported. We combined all 23 cases to analyze the features of CNNM2-related disorders. The phenotypes can be classified into three types: type 1, autosomal dominant (AD) inherited simple hypomagnesemia; type 2, AD inherited hypomagnesemia with epilepsy and ID/DD; and type 3, autosomal recessive (AR) inherited hypomagnesemia with epilepsy and ID/DD. All five type 1 cases had no epilepsy or ID/DD; they all had hypomagnesemia, and three of them presented with symptoms secondary to hypomagnesemia. Fifteen type 2 patients could have ID/DD and seizures, which can be controlled with antiseizure medications (ASMs); their variations clustered in the DUF21 domain of CNNM2. All three type 3 patients had seizures from 1 to 6 days after birth; the seizures were refractory, and 1/3 had status epilepticus; ID/DD in these AR-inherited cases was more severe than that of AD-inherited cases; they all had abnormalities of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Except for one patient whose serum magnesium was the lower limit of normal, others had definite hypomagnesemia. Hypomagnesemia could be improved after magnesium supplement but could not return to the normal level. Variations in the CBS2 domain may be related to lower serum magnesium. However, there was no significant difference in the level of serum magnesium among the patients with three different types of CNNM2-related disorders. The severity of different phenotypes was therefore not explained by decreased serum magnesium. We expanded the spectrum of CNNM2 variants and classified the phenotypes of CNNM2-related disorders into three types. We found that DUF21 domain variations were most associated with CNNM2-related central nervous system phenotypes, whereas hypomagnesemia was more pronounced in patients with CBS2 domain variations, and AR-inherited CNNM2-related disorders had the most severe phenotype. These results provide important clues for further functional studies of CNNM2 and provide basic foundations for more accurate genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuwu Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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14
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Sperm ion channels and transporters in male fertility and infertility. Nat Rev Urol 2020; 18:46-66. [PMID: 33214707 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-020-00390-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian sperm cells must respond to cues originating from along the female reproductive tract and from the layers of the egg in order to complete their fertilization journey. Dynamic regulation of ion signalling is, therefore, essential for sperm cells to adapt to their constantly changing environment. Over the past 15 years, direct electrophysiological recordings together with genetically modified mouse models and human genetics have confirmed the importance of ion channels, including the principal Ca2+-selective plasma membrane ion channel CatSper, for sperm activity. Sperm ion channels and membrane receptors are attractive targets for both the development of contraceptives and infertility treatment drugs. Furthermore, in this era of assisted reproductive technologies, understanding the signalling processes implicated in defective sperm function, particularly those arising from genetic abnormalities, is of the utmost importance not only for the development of infertility treatments but also to assess the overall health of a patient and his children. Future studies to improve reproductive health care and overall health care as a function of the ability to reproduce should include identification and analyses of gene variants that underlie human infertility and research into fertility-related molecules.
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15
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Miyamoto Y, Sasaki M, Miyata H, Monobe Y, Nagai M, Otani M, Whiley PAF, Morohoshi A, Oki S, Matsuda J, Akagi KI, Adachi J, Okabe M, Ikawa M, Yoneda Y, Loveland KL, Oka M. Genetic loss of importin α4 causes abnormal sperm morphology and impacts on male fertility in mouse. FASEB J 2020; 34:16224-16242. [PMID: 33058343 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000768rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Importin α proteins play a central role in the transport of cargo from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. In this study, we observed that male knock-out mice for importin α4, which is encoded by the Kpna4 gene (Kpna4-/- ), were subfertile and yielded smaller litter sizes than those of wild-type (WT) males. In contrast, mice lacking the closely related importin α3 (Kpna3-/- ) were fertile. In vitro fertilization and sperm motility assays demonstrated that sperm from Kpna4-/- mice had significantly reduced quality and motility. In addition, acrosome reaction was also impaired in Kpna4-/- mice. Transmission electron microscopy revealed striking defects, including abnormal head morphology and multiple axoneme structures in the flagella of Kpna4-/- mice. A five-fold increase in the frequency of abnormalities in Kpna4-/- mice compared to WT mice indicates the functional importance of importin α4 in normal sperm development. Moreover, Nesprin-2, which is a component of the linker of nucleus and cytoskeleton complex, was expressed at lower levels in sperm from Kpna4-/- mice and was localized with abnormal axonemes, suggesting incorrect formation of the nuclear membrane-cytoskeleton structure during spermiogenesis. Proteomics analysis of Kpna4-/- testis showed significantly altered expression of proteins related to sperm formation, which provided evidence that genetic loss of importin α4 perturbed chromatin status. Collectively, these findings indicate that importin α4 is critical for establishing normal sperm morphology in mice, providing new insights into male germ cell development by highlighting the requirement of importin α4 for normal fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Miyamoto
- Laboratory of Nuclear Transport Dynamics, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
| | - Mitsuho Sasaki
- Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Miyata
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoko Monobe
- Section of Laboratory Equipment, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nagai
- Department of Frontier Bioscience, Graduate School of Frontier Bioscience, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mayumi Otani
- Laboratory of Nuclear Transport Dynamics, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
| | - Penny A F Whiley
- Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Akane Morohoshi
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinya Oki
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junichiro Matsuda
- Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Akagi
- Section of Laboratory Equipment, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Adachi
- Laboratory of Proteome Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaru Okabe
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahito Ikawa
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Yoneda
- National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
| | - Kate L Loveland
- Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Masahiro Oka
- Laboratory of Nuclear Transport Dynamics, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
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16
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Kozlov G, Funato Y, Chen YS, Zhang Z, Illes K, Miki H, Gehring K. PRL3 pseudophosphatase activity is necessary and sufficient to promote metastatic growth. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:11682-11692. [PMID: 32571875 PMCID: PMC7450121 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.014464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphatases of regenerating liver (PRLs) are markers of cancer and promote tumor growth. They have been implicated in a variety of biochemical pathways but the physiologically relevant target of phosphatase activity has eluded 20 years of investigation. Here, we show that PRL3 catalytic activity is not required in a mouse model of metastasis. PRL3 binds and inhibits CNNM4, a membrane protein associated with magnesium transport. Analysis of PRL3 mutants specifically defective in either CNNM-binding or phosphatase activity demonstrate that CNNM binding is necessary and sufficient to promote tumor metastasis. As PRLs do have phosphatase activity, they are in fact pseudo-pseudophosphatases. Phosphatase activity leads to formation of phosphocysteine, which blocks CNNM binding and may play a regulatory role. We show levels of PRL cysteine phosphorylation vary in response to culture conditions and in different tissues. Examination of related protein phosphatases shows the stability of phosphocysteine is a unique and evolutionarily conserved property of PRLs. The demonstration that PRL3 functions as a pseudophosphatase has important ramifications for the design of PRL inhibitors for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guennadi Kozlov
- Department of Biochemistry and Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yosuke Funato
- Department of Cellular Regulation, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yu Seby Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Zhidian Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Katalin Illes
- Department of Biochemistry and Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hiroaki Miki
- Department of Cellular Regulation, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kalle Gehring
- Department of Biochemistry and Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, For correspondence: Kalle Gehring,
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17
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DGKγ Knock-Out Mice Show Impairments in Cerebellar Motor Coordination, LTD, and the Dendritic Development of Purkinje Cells through the Activation of PKCγ. eNeuro 2020; 7:ENEURO.0319-19.2020. [PMID: 32033984 PMCID: PMC7057140 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0319-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Diacylglycerol kinase γ (DGKγ) regulates protein kinase C (PKC) activity by converting DG to phosphatidic acid (PA). DGKγ directly interacts with PKCγ and is phosphorylated by PKCγ, resulting in the upregulation of lipid kinase activity. PKC dysfunction impairs motor coordination, indicating that the regulation of PKC activity is important for motor coordination. DGKγ and PKC are abundantly expressed in cerebellar Purkinje cells. However, the physiological role of DGKγ has not been elucidated. Therefore, we developed DGKγ knock-out (KO) mice and tested their cerebellar motor coordination. In DGKγ KO mice, cerebellar motor coordination and long-term depression (LTD) were impaired, and the dendrites of Purkinje cells from DGKγ KO mice were significantly retracted. Interestingly, treatment with the cPKC inhibitor Gö6976 (Gö) rescued the dendritic retraction of primary cultured Purkinje cells from DGKγ KO mice. In contrast, treatment with the PKC activator 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) reduced morphologic alterations in the dendrites of Purkinje cells from wild-type (WT) mice. In addition, we confirmed the upregulation of PKCγ activity in the cerebellum of DGKγ KO mice and rescued impaired LTD in DGKγ KO mice with a PKCγ-specific inhibitor. Furthermore, impairment of motor coordination observed in DGKγ KO mice was rescued in tm1c mice with DGKγ reexpression induced by the FLP-flippase recognition target (FRT) recombination system. These results indicate that DGKγ is involved in cerebellar LTD and the dendritic development of Purkinje cells through the regulation of PKCγ activity, and thus contributes to cerebellar motor coordination.
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18
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Giménez-Mascarell P, Oyenarte I, González-Recio I, Fernández-Rodríguez C, Corral-Rodríguez MÁ, Campos-Zarraga I, Simón J, Kostantin E, Hardy S, Díaz Quintana A, Zubillaga Lizeaga M, Merino N, Diercks T, Blanco FJ, Díaz Moreno I, Martínez-Chantar ML, Tremblay ML, Müller D, Siliqi D, Martínez-Cruz LA. Structural Insights into the Intracellular Region of the Human Magnesium Transport Mediator CNNM4. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E6279. [PMID: 31842432 PMCID: PMC6940986 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The four member family of "Cyclin and Cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) domain divalent metal cation transport mediators", CNNMs, are the least-studied mammalian magnesium transport mediators. CNNM4 is abundant in the brain and the intestinal tract, and its abnormal activity causes Jalili Syndrome. Recent findings show that suppression of CNNM4 in mice promotes malignant progression of intestinal polyps and is linked to infertility. The association of CNNM4 with phosphatases of the regenerating liver, PRLs, abrogates its Mg2+-efflux capacity, thus resulting in an increased intracellular Mg2+ concentration that favors tumor growth. Here we present the crystal structures of the two independent intracellular domains of human CNNM4, i.e., the Bateman module and the cyclic nucleotide binding-like domain (cNMP). We also derive a model structure for the full intracellular region in the absence and presence of MgATP and the oncogenic interacting partner, PRL-1. We find that only the Bateman module interacts with ATP and Mg2+, at non-overlapping sites facilitating their positive cooperativity. Furthermore, both domains dimerize autonomously, where the cNMP domain dimer forms a rigid cleft to restrict the Mg2+ induced sliding of the inserting CBS1 motives of the Bateman module, from a twisted to a flat disk shaped dimer.
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Grants
- ETORTEK IE05-147 Departamento de Industria, Innovación, Comercio y Turismo del Gobierno Vasco
- IE07-202 Departamento de Industria, Innovación, Comercio y Turismo del Gobierno Vasco
- 7/13/08/2006/11 Diputación Foral de Bizkaia
- 7/13/08/2005/14 Diputación Foral de Bizkaia
- BFU2010-17857 Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
- BFU2013-47531-R Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de España
- BES-2014-068464 Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de España
- BFU2016-77408-R Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de España
- BES-2017-080435 Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de España
- CSD2008-00005 MICINN CONSOLIDER-INGENIO 2010 Program
- BAG MX20113 Diamond Light source
- 2013111114 Gobierno Vasco-Departamento de Salud
- SAF2017-87301-R Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de España
- BIO15/CA/014 EITB Maratoia
- SEV-2016-0644 Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de España
- 12.01.134/2bT4 Berlin Institute of Health
- #343439 Canadian Institute for Health Research
- MX15832-9 Diamond Light Source
- MX15832-10 Diamond Light Source
- PGC2018-096049-B100 Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de España
- CTQ2017-83810-R Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de España
- PI2010-17 Departamento de Educación, Universidades e Investigación del Gobierno Vasco
- BAG 2019073624 ALBA Synchrotron
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Giménez-Mascarell
- Liver Disease Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Bld 801A, 48160 Derio, Spain; (P.G.-M.); (I.O.); (I.G.-R.); (C.F.-R.); (M.Á.C.-R.); (I.C.-Z.); (J.S.); (M.L.M.-C.)
| | - Iker Oyenarte
- Liver Disease Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Bld 801A, 48160 Derio, Spain; (P.G.-M.); (I.O.); (I.G.-R.); (C.F.-R.); (M.Á.C.-R.); (I.C.-Z.); (J.S.); (M.L.M.-C.)
| | - Irene González-Recio
- Liver Disease Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Bld 801A, 48160 Derio, Spain; (P.G.-M.); (I.O.); (I.G.-R.); (C.F.-R.); (M.Á.C.-R.); (I.C.-Z.); (J.S.); (M.L.M.-C.)
| | - Carmen Fernández-Rodríguez
- Liver Disease Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Bld 801A, 48160 Derio, Spain; (P.G.-M.); (I.O.); (I.G.-R.); (C.F.-R.); (M.Á.C.-R.); (I.C.-Z.); (J.S.); (M.L.M.-C.)
| | - María Ángeles Corral-Rodríguez
- Liver Disease Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Bld 801A, 48160 Derio, Spain; (P.G.-M.); (I.O.); (I.G.-R.); (C.F.-R.); (M.Á.C.-R.); (I.C.-Z.); (J.S.); (M.L.M.-C.)
| | - Igone Campos-Zarraga
- Liver Disease Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Bld 801A, 48160 Derio, Spain; (P.G.-M.); (I.O.); (I.G.-R.); (C.F.-R.); (M.Á.C.-R.); (I.C.-Z.); (J.S.); (M.L.M.-C.)
| | - Jorge Simón
- Liver Disease Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Bld 801A, 48160 Derio, Spain; (P.G.-M.); (I.O.); (I.G.-R.); (C.F.-R.); (M.Á.C.-R.); (I.C.-Z.); (J.S.); (M.L.M.-C.)
| | - Elie Kostantin
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada; (E.K.); (S.H.); (M.L.T.)
| | - Serge Hardy
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada; (E.K.); (S.H.); (M.L.T.)
| | - Antonio Díaz Quintana
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Isla de la Cartuja (cicCartuja), Universidad de Sevilla—CSIC. Avda. Americo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain; (A.D.Q.); (I.D.M.)
| | - Mara Zubillaga Lizeaga
- Structural Biology Unit, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Bld 800, 48160 Derio, Spain; (M.Z.L.); (N.M.); (T.D.); (F.J.B.)
| | - Nekane Merino
- Structural Biology Unit, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Bld 800, 48160 Derio, Spain; (M.Z.L.); (N.M.); (T.D.); (F.J.B.)
| | - Tammo Diercks
- Structural Biology Unit, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Bld 800, 48160 Derio, Spain; (M.Z.L.); (N.M.); (T.D.); (F.J.B.)
| | - Francisco J. Blanco
- Structural Biology Unit, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Bld 800, 48160 Derio, Spain; (M.Z.L.); (N.M.); (T.D.); (F.J.B.)
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, María Díaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Irene Díaz Moreno
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Isla de la Cartuja (cicCartuja), Universidad de Sevilla—CSIC. Avda. Americo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain; (A.D.Q.); (I.D.M.)
| | - María Luz Martínez-Chantar
- Liver Disease Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Bld 801A, 48160 Derio, Spain; (P.G.-M.); (I.O.); (I.G.-R.); (C.F.-R.); (M.Á.C.-R.); (I.C.-Z.); (J.S.); (M.L.M.-C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Michel L. Tremblay
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada; (E.K.); (S.H.); (M.L.T.)
| | - Dominik Müller
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Nephrology and Metabolic Disorders, Charité Universitäts medizin, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Dritan Siliqi
- Istituto di Cristallografia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via G. Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Luis Alfonso Martínez-Cruz
- Liver Disease Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Bld 801A, 48160 Derio, Spain; (P.G.-M.); (I.O.); (I.G.-R.); (C.F.-R.); (M.Á.C.-R.); (I.C.-Z.); (J.S.); (M.L.M.-C.)
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19
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Serizawa T, Isotani A, Matsumura T, Nakanishi K, Nonaka S, Shibata S, Ikawa M, Okano H. Developmental analyses of mouse embryos and adults using a non-overlapping tracing system for all three germ layers. Development 2019; 146:dev.174938. [PMID: 31597657 DOI: 10.1242/dev.174938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Genetic lineage-tracing techniques are powerful tools for studying specific cell populations in development and pathogenesis. Previous techniques have mainly involved systems for tracing a single gene, which are limited in their ability to facilitate direct comparisons of the contributions of different cell lineages. We have developed a new combinatorial system for tracing all three germ layers using self-cleaving 2A peptides and multiple site-specific recombinases (SSRs). In the resulting TRiCK (TRiple Coloured germ layer Knock-in) mice, the three germ layers are conditionally and simultaneously labelled with distinct fluorescent proteins via embryogenesis. We show that previously reported ectopic expressions of lineage markers are the outcome of secondary gene expression. The results presented here also indicate that the commitment of caudal axial stem cells to neural or mesodermal fate proceeds without lineage fluctuations, contrary to the notion of their bi-potency. Moreover, we developed IMES, an optimized tissue clearing method that is highly compatible with a variety of fluorescent proteins and immunostaining, and the combined use of TRiCK mice and IMES can facilitate comprehensive analyses of dynamic contributions of all three germ layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Serizawa
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Ayako Isotani
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Organ developmental engineering, Division of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Takafumi Matsumura
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Nakanishi
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shigenori Nonaka
- Spatiotemporal Regulations Group, Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan.,Laboratory for Spatiotemporal Regulations, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Shibata
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masahito Ikawa
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
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20
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Guo P, Xu X, Wang F, Yuan X, Tu Y, Zhang B, Zheng H, Yu D, Ge W, Gong Z, Yang X, Xi Y. A Novel Neuroprotective Role of Phosphatase of Regenerating Liver-1 against CO 2 Stimulation in Drosophila. iScience 2019; 19:291-302. [PMID: 31404830 PMCID: PMC6700421 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroprotection is essential for the maintenance of normal physiological functions in the nervous system. This is especially true under stress conditions. Here, we demonstrate a novel protective function of PRL-1 against CO2 stimulation in Drosophila. In the absence of PRL-1, flies exhibit a permanent held-up wing phenotype upon CO2 exposure. Knockdown of the CO2 olfactory receptor, Gr21a, suppresses the phenotype. Our genetic data indicate that the wing phenotype is due to a neural dysfunction. PRL-1 physically interacts with Uex and controls Uex expression levels. Knockdown of Uex alone leads to a similar wing held-up phenotype to that of PRL-1 mutants. Uex acts downstream of PRL-1. Elevated Uex levels in PRL-1 mutants prevent the CO2-induced phenotype. PRL-1 and Uex are required for a wide range of neurons to maintain neuroprotective functions. Expression of human homologs of PRL-1 could rescue the phenotype in Drosophila, suggesting a similar function in humans. PRL-1 functions to protect the nervous system against olfactory CO2 stimulation PRL-1 physically interacts with Uex and controls Uex expression levels PRLs may retain a similar neuroprotective function in humans
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Guo
- Institute of Genetics and Department of Genetics, Division of Human Reproduction and Developmental Genetics of the Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yuhangtang Road 866, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China; College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Institute of Genetics and Department of Genetics, Division of Human Reproduction and Developmental Genetics of the Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yuhangtang Road 866, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China; College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Fang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- Institute of Genetics and Department of Genetics, Division of Human Reproduction and Developmental Genetics of the Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yuhangtang Road 866, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Yinqi Tu
- Institute of Genetics and Department of Genetics, Division of Human Reproduction and Developmental Genetics of the Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yuhangtang Road 866, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China; College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Institute of Genetics and Department of Genetics, Division of Human Reproduction and Developmental Genetics of the Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yuhangtang Road 866, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China; College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Huimei Zheng
- Institute of Genetics and Department of Genetics, Division of Human Reproduction and Developmental Genetics of the Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yuhangtang Road 866, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Danqing Yu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yuhangtang Road 866, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Wanzhong Ge
- Institute of Genetics and Department of Genetics, Division of Human Reproduction and Developmental Genetics of the Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yuhangtang Road 866, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Zhefeng Gong
- Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of China, Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yuhangtang Road 866, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Xiaohang Yang
- Institute of Genetics and Department of Genetics, Division of Human Reproduction and Developmental Genetics of the Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yuhangtang Road 866, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China; Joint Institute of Genetics and Genomic Medicine between Zhejiang University and University of Toronto, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China.
| | - Yongmei Xi
- Institute of Genetics and Department of Genetics, Division of Human Reproduction and Developmental Genetics of the Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yuhangtang Road 866, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China.
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21
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Giménez-Mascarell P, González-Recio I, Fernández-Rodríguez C, Oyenarte I, Müller D, Martínez-Chantar ML, Martínez-Cruz LA. Current Structural Knowledge on the CNNM Family of Magnesium Transport Mediators. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:1135. [PMID: 30845649 PMCID: PMC6429129 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The cyclin and cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) domain magnesium transport mediators, CNNMs, are key players in maintaining the homeostasis of magnesium in different organs. The human family includes four members, whose impaired activity causes diseases such as Jalili Syndrome or Familial Hypomagnesemia, but is also linked to neuropathologic disorders, altered blood pressure, and infertility. Recent findings demonstrated that CNNMs are associated with the highly oncogenic phosphatases of the regenerating liver to promote tumor growth and metastasis, which has attracted renewed focus on their potential exploitation as targets for cancer treatment. However, the exact function of CNNMs remains unclear and is subject to debate, proposed as either direct transporters, sensors, or homeostatic factors. This review gathers the current structural knowledge on the CNNM family, highlighting similarities and differences with the closely related structural partners such as the bacterial Mg2+/Co2+ efflux protein CorC and the Mg2+ channel MgtE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Giménez-Mascarell
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Bld 800, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain.
| | - Irene González-Recio
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Bld 800, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain.
| | - Cármen Fernández-Rodríguez
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Bld 800, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain.
| | - Iker Oyenarte
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Bld 800, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain.
| | - Dominik Müller
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Nephrology and Metabolic Disorders, Charité Universitäts Medizin, Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - María Luz Martínez-Chantar
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Bld 800, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain.
- Liver Disease Lab, CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain.
| | - Luis Alfonso Martínez-Cruz
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Bld 800, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain.
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22
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Cnnm4 deficiency suppresses Ca2+ signaling and promotes cell proliferation in the colon epithelia. Oncogene 2019; 38:3962-3969. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0682-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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23
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Molecular function and biological importance of CNNM family Mg2+ transporters. J Biochem 2018; 165:219-225. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvy095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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24
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Rezende FM, Dietsch GO, Peñagaricano F. Genetic dissection of bull fertility in US Jersey dairy cattle. Anim Genet 2018; 49:393-402. [PMID: 30109710 PMCID: PMC6175157 DOI: 10.1111/age.12710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The service sire has been recognized as an important factor affecting herd fertility in dairy cattle. Recent studies suggest that genetic factors explain part of the difference in fertility among Holstein sires. The main objective of this study was to dissect the genetic architecture of sire fertility in US Jersey cattle. The dataset included 1.5 K Jersey bulls with sire conception rate (SCR) records and 96 K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers spanning the whole genome. The analysis included whole‐genome scans for both additive and non‐additive effects and subsequent functional enrichment analyses using KEGG Pathway, Gene Ontology (GO) and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) databases. Ten genomic regions located on eight different chromosomes explained more than 0.5% of the additive genetic variance for SCR. These regions harbor genes, such as PKDREJ,EPB41L2,PDGFD,STX2,SLC25A20 and IP6K1, that are directly implicated in testis development and spermatogenesis, sperm motility and the acrosome reaction. In addition, the genomic scan for non‐additive effects identified two regions on BTA11 and BTA25 with marked recessive effects. These regions harbor three genes—FER1L5,CNNM4 and DNAH3—with known roles in sperm biology. Moreover, the gene‐set analysis revealed terms associated with calcium regulation and signaling, membrane fusion, sperm cell energy metabolism, GTPase activity and MAPK signaling. These gene sets are directly implicated in sperm physiology and male fertility. Overall, this integrative genomic study unravels genetic variants and pathways affecting Jersey bull fertility. These findings may contribute to the development of novel genomic strategies for improving sire fertility in Jersey cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Rezende
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.,Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, 38400-902, Brazil
| | - G O Dietsch
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - F Peñagaricano
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.,University of Florida Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
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25
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Funato Y, Furutani K, Kurachi Y, Miki H. CrossTalk proposal: CNNM proteins are Na + /Mg 2+ exchangers playing a central role in transepithelial Mg 2+ (re)absorption. J Physiol 2018; 596:743-746. [PMID: 29383719 DOI: 10.1113/jp275248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Funato
- Department of Cellular Regulation, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazuharu Furutani
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Yoshihisa Kurachi
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Miki
- Department of Cellular Regulation, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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26
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27
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Giménez-Mascarell P, Oyenarte I, Hardy S, Breiderhoff T, Stuiver M, Kostantin E, Diercks T, Pey AL, Ereño-Orbea J, Martínez-Chantar ML, Khalaf-Nazzal R, Claverie-Martin F, Müller D, Tremblay ML, Martínez-Cruz LA. Structural Basis of the Oncogenic Interaction of Phosphatase PRL-1 with the Magnesium Transporter CNNM2. J Biol Chem 2016; 292:786-801. [PMID: 27899452 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.759944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatases of regenerating liver (PRLs), the most oncogenic of all protein-tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), play a critical role in metastatic progression of cancers. Recent findings established a new paradigm by uncovering that their association with magnesium transporters of the cyclin M (CNNM) family causes a rise in intracellular magnesium levels that promote oncogenic transformation. Recently, however, essential roles for regulation of the circadian rhythm and reproduction of the CNNM family have been highlighted. Here, we describe the crystal structure of PRL-1 in complex with the Bateman module of CNNM2 (CNNM2BAT), which consists of two cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) domains (IPR000664) and represents an intracellular regulatory module of the transporter. The structure reveals a heterotetrameric association, consisting of a disc-like homodimer of CNNM2BAT bound to two independent PRL-1 molecules, each one located at opposite tips of the disc. The structure highlights the key role played by Asp-558 at the extended loop of the CBS2 motif of CNNM2 in maintaining the association between the two proteins and proves that the interaction between CNNM2 and PRL-1 occurs via the catalytic domain of the phosphatase. Our data shed new light on the structural basis underlying the interaction between PRL phosphatases and CNNM transporters and provides a hypothesis about the molecular mechanism by which PRL-1, upon binding to CNNM2, might increase the intracellular concentration of Mg2+ thereby contributing to tumor progression and metastasis. The availability of this structure sets the basis for the rational design of compounds modulating PRL-1 and CNNM2 activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Giménez-Mascarell
- From the Structural Biology Unit, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Iker Oyenarte
- From the Structural Biology Unit, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Serge Hardy
- the Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre
| | - Tilman Breiderhoff
- the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Charité Universitäts Medizin, Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany.,the Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marchel Stuiver
- the In-Cell NMR Laboratory, Department of NMR-supported Structural Biology, Leibniz Institute of Molecular Pharmacology (FMP Berlin), Robert-Rössle Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Elie Kostantin
- the Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre.,Department of Biochemistry, and
| | - Tammo Diercks
- From the Structural Biology Unit, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Angel L Pey
- the Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - June Ereño-Orbea
- From the Structural Biology Unit, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - María Luz Martínez-Chantar
- the Metabolomics Unit, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Reham Khalaf-Nazzal
- the Department of Biomedical Sciences, An-Najah National University, P. O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestinian Territory, and
| | - Felix Claverie-Martin
- the Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de Candelaria University Hospital, 38010 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Dominik Müller
- the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Charité Universitäts Medizin, Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany,
| | - Michel L Tremblay
- the Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, .,Department of Biochemistry, and.,Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Luis Alfonso Martínez-Cruz
- From the Structural Biology Unit, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain,
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28
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The control of male fertility by spermatid-specific factors: searching for contraceptive targets from spermatozoon's head to tail. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2472. [PMID: 27831554 PMCID: PMC5260884 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Male infertility due to abnormal spermatozoa has been reported in both animals and humans, but its pathogenic causes, including genetic abnormalities, remain largely unknown. On the other hand, contraceptive options for men are limited, and a specific, reversible and safe method of male contraception has been a long-standing quest in medicine. Some progress has recently been made in exploring the effects of spermatid-specifical genetic factors in controlling male fertility. A comprehensive search of PubMed for articles and reviews published in English before July 2016 was carried out using the search terms 'spermiogenesis failure', 'globozoospermia', 'spermatid-specific', 'acrosome', 'infertile', 'manchette', 'sperm connecting piece', 'sperm annulus', 'sperm ADAMs', 'flagellar abnormalities', 'sperm motility loss', 'sperm ion exchanger' and 'contraceptive targets'. Importantly, we have opted to focus on articles regarding spermatid-specific factors. Genetic studies to define the structure and physiology of sperm have shown that spermatozoa appear to be one of the most promising contraceptive targets. Here we summarize how these spermatid-specific factors regulate spermiogenesis and categorize them according to their localization and function from spermatid head to tail (e.g., acrosome, manchette, head-tail conjunction, annulus, principal piece of tail). In addition, we emphatically introduce small-molecule contraceptives, such as BRDT and PPP3CC/PPP3R2, which are currently being developed to target spermatogenic-specific proteins. We suggest that blocking the differentiation of haploid germ cells, which rarely affects early spermatogenic cell types and the testicular microenvironment, is a better choice than spermatogenic-specific proteins. The studies described here provide valuable information regarding the genetic and molecular defects causing male mouse infertility to improve our understanding of the importance of spermatid-specific factors in controlling fertility. Although a male contraceptive 'pill' is still many years away, research into the production of new small-molecule contraceptives targeting spermatid-specific proteins is the right avenue.
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29
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Role of phosphatase of regenerating liver 1 (PRL1) in spermatogenesis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34211. [PMID: 27666520 PMCID: PMC5035919 DOI: 10.1038/srep34211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The PRL phosphatases are oncogenic when overexpressed but their in vivo biological function is less well understood. Previous gene deletion study revealed a role for PRL2 in spermatogenesis. We report here the first knockout mice lacking PRL1, the most related homolog of PRL2. We found that loss of PRL1 does not affect spermatogenesis and reproductive ability of male mice, likely due to functional compensation by the relatively higher expression of PRL2 in the testes. However, PRL1-/-/PRL2+/- male mice show testicular atrophy phenotype similar to PRL2-/- mice. More strikingly, deletion of one PRL1 allele in PRL2-/- male mice causes complete infertility. Mechanistically, the total level of PRL1 and PRL2 is negatively correlated with the PTEN protein level in the testis and PRL1+/-/PRL2-/- mice have the highest level of PTEN, leading to attenuated Akt activation and increased germ cell apoptosis, effectively halting spermatozoa production. These results provide the first evidence that in addition to PRL2, PRL1 is also required for spermatogenesis by downregulating PTEN and promoting Akt signaling. The ability of the PRLs to suppress PTEN expression underscores the biochemical basis for their oncogenic potential.
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30
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Yamazaki D, Funato Y, Miyata H, Ikawa M, Miki H. Complementary role of CNNM2 in sperm motility and Ca(2+) influx during capacitation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 474:441-446. [PMID: 27150626 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Ca(2+) plays a central role in the regulation of sperm motility. We recently reported an unexpected role of CNNM4, a Mg(2+) transporter, in this process by demonstrating perturbed Ca(2+) influx and gradual loss of motility of Cnnm4-deficient sperm. However, Cnnm4-deficient male mice were not entirely infertile, and a significant Ca(2+) response was still observed in their sperm. In the present study, we generated Cnnm4-deficient mice harboring a non-functional Cnnm2 allele (Cnnm2(Δ)), to examine whether CNNM2 compensates for the lost function of CNNM4 in sperm. Cnnm2(+/Δ); Cnnm4(Δ/Δ) mice were infertile, and no obvious histological abnormalities were noted in their testis and epididymis. Their sperm showed normal morphology, but became immotile much more rapidly than those from Cnnm4(Δ/Δ) mice. When capacitation was initiated using serum albumin application, a rapid increase of intracellular Ca(2+) levels was observed in most wild-type sperm, but only about half of sperm from Cnnm4(Δ/Δ) mice exhibited a Ca(2+) response, and the response rate was further reduced in sperm from Cnnm2(+/Δ); Cnnm4(Δ/Δ) mice. Thus, sperm motility and Ca(2+) response were more severely affected in sperm from Cnnm2(+/Δ); Cnnm4(Δ/Δ) mice than in those from Cnnm4(Δ/Δ) mice, implicating CNNM2 in regulating these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Yamazaki
- Department of Cellular Regulation, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yosuke Funato
- Department of Cellular Regulation, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Miyata
- Department of Experimental Genome Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahito Ikawa
- Department of Experimental Genome Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Miki
- Department of Cellular Regulation, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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