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Fujita K, Motoyama S, Sato Y, Wakita A, Nagaki Y, Minamiya Y, Miura M. Effects of SLC31A1 and ATP7B polymorphisms on platinum resistance in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Med Oncol 2021; 38:6. [PMID: 33411033 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-020-01450-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between the SLC31A1 (protein: copper transporter 1) rs10981694 A > C and ATP7B (protein: P-type adenosine triphosphatase 7B) rs9535828 A > G polymorphisms on the overall survival and disease-free survival of 104 Japanese patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) was investigated. Chemotherapy consisted of protracted infusion of 5-fluoracil (800 mg/m2/day) on days 1-5 and cisplatin or nedaplatin (80 mg/m2/day) on day 1. The median (range) follow-up was 47 (6-127) months. The 5-year overall and disease-free survival rates were 71.2% and 60.6%, respectively. The 5-year overall survival rate was significantly higher in patients with the SLC31A1 rs10981694 C allele compared with the rs10981694 A/A genotype (91.7% vs. 65.0%, P = 0.018). The 5-year disease-free survival rate was significantly higher in patients with the SLC31A1 rs10981694 C allele compared with the rs10981694 A/A genotype (79.2% vs. 55.0%, P = 0.043). In addition, univariate and multivariate analyses showed the SLC31A1 rs10981694 A > C polymorphism to be a significant prognostic factor affecting 5-year overall survival after neoadjuvant CRT. However, the overall and disease-free survival rates after surgery did not differ significantly among the ATP7B rs9535828 genotypes. In conclusion, only the SLC31A1 rs10981694 A/A genotype was an independent predictor of a poorer 5-year overall survival. Therefore, in neoadjuvant CRT for ESCC patients, the effect of platinum was affected by the SLC31A1 rs10981694 A > C polymorphism. The presence of this polymorphism should be considered when devising neoadjuvant CRT regimens or treatment strategies for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuma Fujita
- Department of Pharmacy, Akita University Hospital, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Satoru Motoyama
- Department of Esophageal Surgery, Akita University Hospital, Akita, Japan.,Department of Comprehensive Cancer Control, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sato
- Department of Esophageal Surgery, Akita University Hospital, Akita, Japan
| | - Akiyuki Wakita
- Department of Esophageal Surgery, Akita University Hospital, Akita, Japan
| | - Yushi Nagaki
- Department of Esophageal Surgery, Akita University Hospital, Akita, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Minamiya
- Department of Esophageal Surgery, Akita University Hospital, Akita, Japan
| | - Masatomo Miura
- Department of Pharmacy, Akita University Hospital, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan.
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OKAMOTO H, TAKASAWA S. Okamoto model for necrosis and its expansions, CD38-cyclic ADP-ribose signal system for intracellular Ca 2+ mobilization and Reg (Regenerating gene protein)-Reg receptor system for cell regeneration. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2021; 97:423-461. [PMID: 34629354 PMCID: PMC8553518 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.97.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In pancreatic islet cell culture models and animal models, we studied the molecular mechanisms involved in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes. The diabetogenic agents, alloxan and streptozotocin, caused DNA strand breaks, which in turn activated poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase/synthetase (PARP) to deplete NAD+, thereby inhibiting islet β-cell functions such as proinsulin synthesis and ultimately leading to β-cell necrosis. Radical scavengers protected against the formation of DNA strand breaks and inhibition of proinsulin synthesis. Inhibitors of PARP prevented the NAD+ depletion, inhibition of proinsulin synthesis and β-cell death. These findings led to the proposed unifying concept for β-cell damage and its prevention (the Okamoto model). The model met one proof with PARP knockout animals and was further extended by the discovery of cyclic ADP-ribose as the second messenger for Ca2+ mobilization in glucose-induced insulin secretion and by the identification of Reg (Regenerating gene) for β-cell regeneration. Physiological and pathological events found in pancreatic β-cells have been observed in other cells and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi OKAMOTO
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Shin TAKASAWA
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
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Xing H, Chen X, Sun H, Han Y, Ding L, Chen X. Association of regenerating gene 1A single-nucleotide polymorphisms and nasopharyngeal carcinoma susceptibility in southern Chinese population. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 277:221-226. [PMID: 31541294 PMCID: PMC6942584 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-019-05645-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Objective Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a common malignancy in Southern China and Southeast Asia. Genetic susceptibility is a major contributing factor in determining the individual risk of NPC in these areas. To test the association between NPC and variants in regenerating gene 1A (REG1A), we conducted a hospital-based case–control study in a Cantonese-speaking population from Guangdong province. Methods We endeavored to determine whether genetic variants of the REG1A gene were associated with the risk of NPC amidst the Cantonese population in a hospital-based case–control study using polymerase chain reaction-restriction and direct sequencing analysis in 211 NPC patients and 150 healthy controls. The association between NPC risk and the 14C/T, 20C/T, 369G/T, 1201A/G, and 2922C/T polymorphisms was examined after adjustment for age and sex. Results We found an increased risk of developing NPC in individuals with REG1A 2922C/T variant genotype (p = 0.003, OR 0.419, 95% CI 0.235–0.746), and after adjustment for sex and age (p = 0.003, OR 0.406, 95% CI 0.226–0.732). No association between other polymorphisms (14C/T, 20C/T, 369G/T, and 1201A/G) and the risk of NPC was observed, before or after adjustment for age and sex. Conclusion Our findings suggest that the REG1A 2922C/T polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of developing NPC in a Cantonese population from Guangdong province. Larger studies are required to confirm our findings and unravel the underlying mechanisms. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00405-019-05645-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijie Xing
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese Science Academy University, Shenzhen Hospital, No. 4253 Songbai Road, Shenzhen, 518106, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Xinhua Hospital, Hainan Medical College, No. 48 Baishuitang Road, Haikou, 570311, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiangdong Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated General Hospital of Shenzhen University, No. 1048 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518106, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxia Sun
- Wuhan Medical Science Research Institute, No. 47, Lihuangpi Road, Wuhan, 430013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaofeng Han
- Department of Epidemiology, Public Health College of Xiamen University, No. 344 Pengxiang Road, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Lanshu Ding
- Nursing Department, Chinese Science Academy University, Shenzhen Hospital, No.4253 Songbai Road, Shenzhen, 518106, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxia Chen
- Nursing Department, Chinese Science Academy University, Shenzhen Hospital, No.4253 Songbai Road, Shenzhen, 518106, People's Republic of China
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Wang Y, Liu X, Liu J, Zhang T. Knockdown of REG Iα Enhances the Sensitivity to 5-Fluorouracil of Colorectal Cancer Cells via Cyclin D1/CDK4 Pathway and BAX/BCL-2 Pathways. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2019; 34:362-370. [PMID: 30973271 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2018.2746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The reverse of chemoresistance and the improvement of sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents of colorectal cancer cells have great clinical significance and the mechanism underlying the drug resistance is still unclear. REG Iα was reported to be upregulated in colorectal cancer tissues, but the roles of chemoresistance are still unclear. Materials and Methods: The expression of REG Iα in colorectal cancer cell lines was assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR). The expression of REG Iα in HCT116 and LOVO cells was knockdown by siRNA. The cell viability and IC50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration) values were analyzed by the CCK8 assay. The proportion of apoptosis and cell cycles were analyzed by flow cytometry. The migration potency of HCT116 and LOVO cells was analyzed by cell migration assay. The protein level of Cyclin D1, CDK4 (cyclin-dependent kinase 4), Bax and Bcl-2 were analyzed by western blot. Results: Knockdown of REG Iα enhances the sensitivity to 5-Fu of colorectal cancer cells. REG Iα knockdown promoted the cell apoptosis of HCT116 and LOVO under the 5-Fu treatment. The cell migration and cycle of colorectal cancer cells was also inhibited by REG Iα knockdown. We also found that REG Iα knockdown induced cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis by Cyclin D1/CDK4 pathway and BAX/BCL-2 pathways. Conclusions: Knockdown of REG Iα enhances the sensitivity to 5-Fu of colorectal cancer cells via cyclin D1/CDK4 pathway and BAX/BCL-2 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Wang
- 1Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- 2Department of General Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingshu Liu
- 2Department of General Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- 1Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Li Y, Huang HC, Chen LQ, Xu LY, Li EM, Zhang JJ. Predictive biomarkers for response of esophageal cancer to chemo(radio)therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Surg Oncol 2017; 26:460-472. [PMID: 29113666 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer remains a major public health issue worldwide. In clinical practice, chemo(radio)therapy is an important approach to patients with esophageal cancer. Only the part of patients who respond to chemo(radio)therapy achieve better long-term outcome. In this case, predictive biomarkers for response of esophageal cancer patients treated with chemo(radio)therapy are of importance. Meta-analysis of P53 for predicting esophageal cancer response has been reported before and is not included in our study. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize and evaluate the biomarkers for predicting response to chemo(radio)therapy. METHOD PubMed, Web of Science and the Ovid databases were searched to identify eligible studies published in English before March 2017. The risk ratio (or relative risk, RR) was retrieved in articles regarding biomarkers for predicting response of esophageal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant therapy or chemo(radio)therapy. Fixed and random effects models were used to undertake the meta-analysis as appropriate. RESULT Forty-six articles reporting 56 biomarkers correlated with the response were finally included. Meta-analyses were carried out when there was more than one study related to the reported biomarker. Results indicated that low expression of (or IHC-negative) COX2, miR-200c, ERCC1 and TS was individually associated with prediction of response. The RR was 1.64 (n = 202, 95% CI 1.22-2.19, P < 0.001), 1.96 (n = 162, 95% CI 1.36-2.83, P < 0.001), 2.55 (n = 206, 95% CI 1.80-3.62, P < 0.001) and 1.69 (n = 144, 95% CI 1.10-2.61, P = 0.02), respectively. High expression of (or IHC-positive) CDC25B and p16 was individually related to prediction of response. The RR was 0.62 (n = 159, 95% CI 0.43-0.89, P = 0.01) and 0.62 (n = 142, 95% CI 0.43-0.91, P = 0.01), respectively. CONCLUSION Low expression of (or IHC-negative) COX2, miR-200c, ERCC1 and TS, or high expression of (or IHC-positive) CDC25B and p16 are potential biomarkers for predicting the response of esophageal cancer patients treated with chemo(radio)therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, 515041 Shantou, China; Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, 515041 Shantou, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, 515041 Shantou, China
| | - He-Cheng Huang
- Department of Oncologic Radiotherapy, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 515041 Shantou, China
| | - Long-Qi Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li-Yan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, 515041 Shantou, China; Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, 515041 Shantou, China
| | - En-Min Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, 515041 Shantou, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, 515041 Shantou, China.
| | - Jian-Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, 515041 Shantou, China; Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, 515041 Shantou, China.
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Geng J, Fan J, Wang Q, Zhang XP, Kang L, Li QY, Xu YF, Peng B, Zheng JH, Yao XD. Decreased REG1α expression suppresses growth, invasion and angiogenesis of bladder cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 2017; 43:837-846. [PMID: 28209239 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous study has indicated association between REG1α and bladder cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Regenerating gene I alpha (REG1α) in bladder cancer. METHODS The role of REG1α in bladder cancer cell proliferation, migration and VEGF-induced angiogenesis was explored in vitro and in vivo. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis was assessed to determine the expression of REG1α in ten paired bladder cancer and adjacent non-cancerous tissues, and in 296 bladder cancer samples. RESULTS Down-regulation of REG1α expression significantly reduced the proliferation, migration, invasion and VEGF-induced angiogenesis in vitro and the growth of xenograft tumors in vivo. VEGF expression in bladder cancer is associated with REG1α expression and recurrence. REG1α was overexpressed in bladder cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal samples. Patients with elevated REG1α exhibited shorter recurrence times and poor survival. CONCLUSION Downregulation of REG1α expression can reduce tumor growth, migration, invasion and angiogenesis. Our study demonstrates that REG1α can be used as a marker of recurrence and prognosis in bladder cancer. Therefore, REG1α targeting in bladder cancer patients represents a promising therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Geng
- Department of Urology, Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
| | - J Fan
- Department of Pathology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Q Wang
- Department of Urology, Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - X-P Zhang
- Department of Urology, Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - L Kang
- Department of Urology, Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Q-Y Li
- Department of Pathology, Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Y-F Xu
- Department of Urology, Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - B Peng
- Department of Urology, Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - J-H Zheng
- Department of Urology, Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - X-D Yao
- Department of Urology, Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
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Aboshanif M, Kawasaki Y, Omori Y, Suzuki S, Honda K, Motoyama S, Ishikawa K. Prognostic role of regenerating gene-I in patients with stage-IV head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Diagn Pathol 2016; 11:79. [PMID: 27539087 PMCID: PMC4989335 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-016-0526-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Regenerating gene (REG) family is composed of antiapoptotic factors and growth factors that affect epithelial cells within the digestive system. Regenerating gene-I has been studied in different cancers. However, it has never been studied in head and neck cancer. We investigated the expression of REG-I in head and neck SCC and its relevance to patient survival rates. Methods Untreated biopsy specimens of 60 patients with stage IV head and neck SCC were collected, and the expression of REG-I was evaluated using immunohistochemistry. The association between REG-I expression and clinico-pathological features or survival status of the patients was assessed by Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test and Kaplan-Meier method. Cox proportional hazard model was used to identify the independent prognostic factors. Results Incidence of lymphatic permeation, vascular invasion and pathological lymph nodes was significantly higher in REG-I negative group (p = 0.008, 0.030 and 0.015, respectively). Overall and cancer-free survival rates were significantly higher in REG-I positive group (p = 0.000434 and 1.0847E-8, respectively). Univariate analysis showed that REG-I was an independent prognostic factor for predicting long-term overall survival (p = 0.002), and multivariate analysis showed that REG-I and lymphatic permeation were independent prognostic factors for predicting long-term disease-free survival (p = 0.001 and 0.022, respectively). Conclusion Our results showed for the first time that, REG-I is expressed in head and neck SCC. REG-I expression is associated with a longer survival status. We conclude that, REG-I might be a prognostic marker in head and neck SSC and should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Aboshanif
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Akita Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yohei Kawasaki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Akita Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Omori
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Tumor Pathology, Akita Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Suzuki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Akita Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Kohei Honda
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Akita Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Satoru Motoyama
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Control, Akita Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Kazuo Ishikawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Akita Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan. .,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Akita University, Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1, Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan.
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Sato Y, Motoyama S, Saito H, Minamiya Y. Novel Candidate Biomarkers of Chemoradiosensitivity in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review. Eur Surg Res 2016; 56:141-53. [DOI: 10.1159/000443607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
There is no doubt that, along with surgery, chemoradiotherapy is an important treatment for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Patients who respond well to chemoradiotherapy obtain great benefits toward overcoming their cancer, and so a more favorable prognosis. On the other hand, patients who do not respond well have wasted valuable time and experienced severe toxicity and seriously diminished quality of life, only to have their cancer recur with an unfavorable prognosis. For this reason, a reliable biomarker of chemoradiosensitivity in ESCC has long been sought. In this review, we will enumerate recently reported candidate biomarkers of chemoradiosensitivity in ESCC that have the potential for future clinical application.
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IL-6 and MCP-1 genetic polymorphisms are predictive of decreased platelet counts caused by chemoradiotherapy in esophageal cancer. Esophagus 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10388-016-0522-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
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Ota I, Masui T, Kurihara M, Yook JI, Mikami S, Kimura T, Shimada K, Konishi N, Yane K, Yamanaka T, Kitahara T. Snail-induced EMT promotes cancer stem cell-like properties in head and neck cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2015; 35:261-6. [PMID: 26498709 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key process involved in the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. Furthermore, EMT can induce a cancer stem cell (CSC)-like phenotype in a number of tumor types. We demonstrated that Snail is one of the master regulators that promotes EMT and mediates cancer cell migration and invasion in many types of malignancies including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). In the present study, we investigated the role of Snail in inducing and maintaining CSC-like properties through EMT in HNSCC. We established HNSCC cell lines transfected with Snail. Stem cell markers were evaluated with real-time RT-PCR and western blot analysis. CSC properties were assessed using sphere formation and WST-8 assays as well as chemosensitivity and chick chorioallantoic membrane in vivo invasion assays. Introduction of Snail induced EMT properties in HNSCC cells. Moreover, Snail-induced EMT maintained the CSC-like phenotype, and enhanced sphere formation capability, chemoresistance and invasive ability. These data suggest that Snail could be one of the critical molecular targets for the development of therapeutic strategies for HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Ota
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Takashi Masui
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Miyako Kurihara
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Jong-In Yook
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Cancer Research Institute, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinji Mikami
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kimura
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Keiji Shimada
- Department of Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Noboru Konishi
- Department of Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Katsunari Yane
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kinki University School of Medicine, Nara Hospital, Ikoma, Nara 630-0293, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Yamanaka
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kitahara
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
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Wakita A, Motoyama S, Sato Y, Koyota S, Usami S, Yoshino K, Sasaki T, Imai K, Saito H, Minamiya Y. REG Iα activates c-Jun through MAPK pathways to enhance the radiosensitivity of squamous esophageal cancer cells. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:5249-54. [PMID: 25656613 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3183-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of the key molecules that mediate susceptibility to anticancer treatments would be highly desirable. Based on clinical and cell biological studies, we recently proposed that regenerating gene (REG) Iα may be such a molecule. In the present study, we hypothesized that REG Iα increases radiosensitivity through activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. To test that idea, we transfected TE-5 and TE-9 squamous esophageal cancer cells with REG Iα and examined its involvement in MAPK signaling and its effect on susceptibility to radiotherapy. We found that REG Iα-expressing cells showed increased expression of c-Jun messenger RNA (mRNA) and phospho-c-Jun protein mediated via the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, as well as increased radiosensitivity. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the activation of c-Jun in tumors expressing REG Iα. Collectively, these findings suggest that REG Iα activates c-Jun via the JNK and ERK pathway, thereby enhancing radiosensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiyuki Wakita
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan
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Yoshino K, Motoyama S, Koyota S, Shibuya K, Sato Y, Sasaki T, Wakita A, Saito H, Minamiya Y, Sugiyama T, Ogawa J. Identification of insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 3 as a radioresistance factor in squamous esophageal cancer cells. Dis Esophagus 2014; 27:479-84. [PMID: 22989274 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2012.01415.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Identification of reliable markers of radiosensitivity and the key molecules that donate susceptibility to anticancer treatments to esophageal cancer cells would be highly desirable. We found that the mRNA expression of insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3) was higher in radioresistant TE-5 and TE-9 cells than in radiosensitive TE-12 cloneA1 cells. Conversely, knocking down expression of IGF2BP3 mRNA in TE-5 and TE-9 cells using small interfering RNA significantly enhanced their radiosensitivity. Furthermore, patients with squamous cell esophageal cancers strongly expressing IGF2BP3 tended to respond poorly to chemoradiation. These data suggest that IGF2BP3 may be a key marker of radiosensitivity that diminishes the susceptibility of squamous cell esophageal cancer cells to radiotherapy. IGF2BP3 may, thus, be a useful target for improving radiotherapy for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yoshino
- Department of Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
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Masui T, Ota I, Yook JI, Mikami S, Yane K, Yamanaka T, Hosoi H. Snail-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition promotes cancer stem cell-like phenotype in head and neck cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2013; 44:693-9. [PMID: 24365974 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.2225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is known to have a poor prognosis. The resistance to treatment and distant metastasis are important clinical problems in HNSCC. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key process in successful execution of many steps such as the invasion and metastasis for cancer cells. Snail is one of the master regulators that promote EMT in many types of malignancies including HNSCC. Recently, it has been shown that Snail-induced EMT could induce a cancer stem cell (CSC)‑like phenotype in a number of tumor types. In this study, we investigated the role of Snail in inducing EMT properties and CSC-like phenotype in HNSCC. We established HNSCC cell lines transfected with Snail. E-cadherin was analyzed using western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining. Cell migration and invasion were assessed using wound-healing assay and modified Boyden chamber assay, respectively. CSC markers of HNSCC, CD44 and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1), were also evaluated with western blot analysis, and chemosensitivity was assessed with WST-8 assay. Introduction of Snail induced EMT properties in HNSCC cells and enhanced cell migration and invasion. Moreover, Snail-induced EMT gained CSC-like phenotype and was associated with increased chemoresistance. These results suggest that Snail could be one of the attractive targets for the development of therapeutic strategies in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Masui
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Ichiro Ota
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Jong-In Yook
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Cancer Research Institute, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinji Mikami
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Katsunari Yane
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kinki University School of Medicine, Nara Hospital, Ikoma, Nara 630-0293, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Yamanaka
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hosoi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
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14
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Abstract
The regenerating gene (Reg) family is a group of small molecules that includes four members found in various species, although only three are found in human tissues. Their expression is stimulated by certain growth factors or cytokines. The Reg family plays different roles in proliferation, migration, and anti-apoptosis through activating different signaling pathways. Their dysexpression is closely associated with a number of human conditions and diseases such as inflammation and cancer, especially in the human digestive system. Clinically, upregulation of Reg proteins is usually demonstrated in histological sections and sera from cancer patients. Therefore, Reg proteins can predict the progression and prognosis of cancers, especially those of the digestive tract, and can also act as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.
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15
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Kimura M, Naito H, Tojo T, Itaya-Hironaka A, Dohi Y, Yoshimura M, Nakagawara KI, Takasawa S, Taniguchi S. REG Iα gene expression is linked with the poor prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma patients via discrete mechanisms. Oncol Rep 2013; 30:2625-31. [PMID: 24065141 PMCID: PMC3840002 DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of the REG Iα and REG Iβ genes on lung cancer cell lines, and thereafter, the expression of REG family genes (REG Iα, REG Iβ, REG III, HIP/PAP and REG IV) in lung cancer in relation to patient prognosis was evaluated. Lung adenocarcinoma (AD) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cell lines expressing REG Iα or REG Iβ (HLC-1 REG Iα/Iβ and EBC-1 REG Iα/Iβ) were established, and cell number, cell invasive activity, and anchorage-independent cell growth were compared with these variables in the control cells. The expression levels of REG family genes were evaluated by real-time RT-PCR in surgically resected lung cancers, and disease-specific survival (DSS) curves were generated. The HLC-1 REG Iα/Iβ cell line showed significant increases in cell number and anchorage-independent cell growth compared with the control cells. EBC-1 REG Iα/Iβ cells showed significant increases in cell invasive activity and anchorage-independent cell growth as compared with the control cells. Except for the REG Iβ gene, expression of other REG family genes was observed in the surgically resected samples; however, DSS was significantly worse only in stage I patients who were positive for REG Iα expression than in patients who were negative for REG Iα expression. The effects of REG Iα on AD and SCC cells were different in the in vitro study, and a correlation between REG Iα expression and patient prognosis was noted in the in vivo study. Therefore, overexpression of REG Iα is a risk factor for poor prognosis caused by discrete mechanisms in AD and SCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michitaka Kimura
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
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16
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Sato Y, Marzese DM, Ohta K, Huang SK, Sim MS, Chong K, Hoon DSB. Epigenetic regulation of REG1A and chemosensitivity of cutaneous melanoma. Epigenetics 2013; 8:1043-52. [PMID: 23903855 DOI: 10.4161/epi.25810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerating gene 1A (REG1A) plays an important role in tissue regeneration and in cell proliferation in epithelium origin tumors; however, its role in melanoma has not been explored in details. The objective of this study was to identify whether REG1A is expressed in cutaneous melanoma and if REG1A expression status can predict prognosis in cutaneous melanoma patients with metastasis. We also determined whether epigenetic regulation of the promoter region regulates REG1A expression. AJCC stage III cutaneous melanoma specimens with clinically well annotated stage III lymph node melanoma metastasis tissue microarray were assessed by IHC. MALDI-TOF-mass spectrometry and HM450K array were used to identify REG1A promoter region CpG site methylation. Chemotherapeutic agent response by melanoma cells as related to REG1A protein expression was assessed. Post-surgery melanoma patients followed by adjuvant chemotherapy with high REG1A expression had a significantly better prognosis (disease-specific survival) compared with patients with low REG1A expression (log rank test; p = 0.0013). The demethylating reagent 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine activated REG1A promoter region resulting in enhanced REG1A mRNA and protein expression in melanoma cell lines. Promoter region CpG methylation was shown to regulate REG1A expression in melanoma cells. Moreover, melanoma lines with high REG1A mRNA expression were more susceptible to Dacarbazine and Cisplatin, as compared with those with low REG1A mRNA expression. In conclusion, REG1A expression status may be useful as a biomarker in melanoma patients for sensitivity to these chemotherapeutic agents. The epigenetic regulation of the REG1A promoter region may offer a potential therapeutic approach to improve chemotherapy for metastatic melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Sato
- Department of Molecular Oncology; John Wayne Cancer Institute; Santa Monica, CA USA
| | - Diego M Marzese
- Department of Molecular Oncology; John Wayne Cancer Institute; Santa Monica, CA USA
| | - Katsuya Ohta
- Department of Molecular Oncology; John Wayne Cancer Institute; Santa Monica, CA USA
| | - Sharon K Huang
- Department of Molecular Oncology; John Wayne Cancer Institute; Santa Monica, CA USA
| | - Myung Shin Sim
- Division of Biostatistics; John Wayne Cancer Institute; Santa Monica, CA USA
| | - Kelly Chong
- Department of Molecular Oncology; John Wayne Cancer Institute; Santa Monica, CA USA
| | - Dave S B Hoon
- Department of Molecular Oncology; John Wayne Cancer Institute; Santa Monica, CA USA
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17
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Sato Y, Motoyama S, Nanjo H, Ito S, Yoshino K, Sasaki T, Kuribayashi K, Nagaki Y, Imai K, Saito H, Minamiya Y, Ogawa JI. REG1A expression status suggests chemosensitivity among advanced thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients treated with esophagectomy followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. Ann Surg Oncol 2013; 20:3044-51. [PMID: 23645481 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-013-2983-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regenerating gene 1A (REG1A) plays an important role in tissue regeneration and in cell proliferation in the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract. We previously reported that the positive expression status of REG1A was predictive of chemoradiosensitivity in patients treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy before esophagectomy or with definitive chemoradiotherapy. To further confirm the utility of REG1A as a chemosensitivity marker, we carried out an additional retrospective clinical study aimed at determining whether REG1A is a reliable chemosensitivity marker in patients treated with esophagectomy followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. METHOD A total of 177 patients with T2-4 thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma received curative surgery without preoperative treatment at Akita University Hospital between 2001 and 2011. A tissue microarray was constructed, and REG1A expression status was analyzed immunohistochemically. We then statistically analyzed the relationships between REG1A expression status and 5-year overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS In the adjuvant group (n=105), REG1A-positive patients showed significantly better prognoses than REG1A-negative patients. (5-year OS, p=.0022; DSS, p=.0004; and DFS, p=.0040). However, there were no significant differences between REG1A-positive and REG1A-negative patients in the surgery group (n=72). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed REG1A expression status to be a significant prognostic factor affecting 5-year DSS, comparable to lymph node metastatic status. CONCLUSION The present study suggests REG1A expression status has the potential to be a highly reliable and clinically useful chemosensitivity marker in patients treated with advanced thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. REG1A expression status will provide a good indication of treatment strategy and enable more individualized treatment for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Sato
- Department of Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, 010-8543, Japan.
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Jin CX, Hayakawa T, Ko SBH, Ishiguro H, Kitagawa M. Pancreatic stone protein/regenerating protein family in pancreatic and gastrointestinal diseases. Intern Med 2011; 50:1507-16. [PMID: 21804274 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.50.5362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic stone protein (PSP; reported in 1979), pancreatitis-associated protein (PAP; 1984) and regenerating protein (Reg I; 1988) were discovered independently in the fields of the exocrine (pancreatitis) and endocrine (diabetes) pancreas. Subsequent analysis revealed that PSP and Reg I are identical and PAP belongs to the same protein family. PSP/Reg I and PAP share a selective and specific trypsin cleavage site and result in insoluble fibrils (PTP, PATP). Search for a functional role of PSP had led to the idea that it might serve as an inhibitor in pancreatic stone formation and PSP was renamed lithostathine. Inhibitory effects of lithostathine in stone formation have been questioned. Evidence so far obtained can support a lithogenic role rather than a lithostatic role of PSP. PAP and its isoforms have been investigated mainly regarding responses to inflammation and stress. Reg I and its isoforms have been examined on regeneration, growth and mitogenesis in gastrointestinal neoplastic diseases as well as diabetes. Evidence obtained can be applied in the prediction of prognosis and therapy for inflammatory and neoplastic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Xiang Jin
- The First Clinical College of Norman Bethune Medical Division, Jilin University, China
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19
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Yoshino K, Motoyama S, Koyota S, Shibuya K, Usami S, Maruyama K, Saito H, Minamiya Y, Sugiyama T, Ogawa JI. IGFBP3 and BAG1 enhance radiation-induced apoptosis in squamous esophageal cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 404:1070-5. [PMID: 21195059 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.12.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 12/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Identification of reliable markers of radiosensitivity and the key molecules that enhance the susceptibility of esophageal cancer cells to anticancer treatments would be highly desirable. To identify molecules that confer radiosensitivity to esophageal squamous carcinoma cells, we assessed the radiosensitivities of the TE-5, TE-9 and TE-12 cloneA1 cell lines. TE-12 cloneA1 cells showed significantly greater susceptibility to radiotherapy at 5 and 10Gy than either TE-5 or TE-9 cells. Consistent with that finding, 24h after irradiation (5Gy), TE-12 cloneA1 cells showed higher levels of caspase 3/7 activity than TE-5 or TE-9 cells. When we used DNA microarrays to compare the gene expression profiles of TE-5 and TE-12 cloneA1 cells, we found that the mRNA and protein expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) and Bcl-2-associated athanogene 1 (BAG1) was five or more times higher in TE-12 cloneA1 cells than TE-5 cells. Conversely, knocking down expression of IGFBP3 and BAG1 mRNA in TE-12 cloneA1 cells using small interfering RNA (siRNA) significantly reduced radiosensitivity. These data suggest that IGFBP3 and BAG1 may be key markers of radiosensitivity that enhance the susceptibility of squamous cell esophageal cancer to radiotherapy. IGFBP3 and BAG1 may thus be useful targets for improved and more individualized treatments for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Yoshino
- Department of Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
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20
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Usami S, Motoyama S, Koyota S, Wang J, Hayashi-Shibuya K, Maruyama K, Takahashi N, Saito H, Minamiya Y, Takasawa S, Ogawa JI, Sugiyama T. Regenerating gene I regulates interleukin-6 production in squamous esophageal cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 392:4-8. [PMID: 20056108 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.12.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2009] [Accepted: 12/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Regenerating gene (REG) I plays important roles in cancer cell biology. The purpose of this study was to determine whether REG I affects cytokine production in cancer cells. We transfected TE-5 and TE-9 squamous esophageal cancer cells with REG Ialpha and Ibeta and examined its effects on cytokine expression. We found that transfecting TE-5 and TE-9 cells with REG I Ialpha and Ibeta led to significantly increased expression of interleukin (IL)-6 mRNA and protein, but it had little or no effect on expression of IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-17A, interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor or transforming growth factor-beta1. The elevated IL-6 expression seen in REG Ialpha transfectants was silenced by small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown. These finding suggest that REG I may act through IL-6 to exert effects on squamous esophageal cancer cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuetsu Usami
- Department of Biochemistry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
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21
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Expression and localization of regenerating gene I in a rat liver regeneration model. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 380:472-7. [PMID: 19284990 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.01.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2009] [Accepted: 01/16/2009] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Regenerating gene (Reg) I has been identified as a regenerative/proliferative factor for pancreatic islet cells. We examined Reg I expression in the regenerating liver of a rat model that had been administered 2-acetylaminofluorene and treated with 70% partial hepatectomy (2-AAF/PH model), where hepatocyte and cholangiocyte proliferation was suppressed and the hepatic stem cells and/or hepatic progenitor cells were activated. In a detailed time course study of activation of hepatic stem cells in the 2-AAF/PH model, utilizing immunofluorescence staining with antibodies of Reg I and other cell-type-specific markers, we found that Reg I-expressing cells are present in the bile ductules and increased during regeneration. Reg I-expressing cells were colocalized with CK19, OV6, and AFP. These results demonstrate that Reg I is significantly upregulated in the liver of the 2-AAF/PH rat model, accompanied by the formation of bile ductules during liver regeneration.
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22
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Geng J, Fan J, Wang P, Fang ZJ, Xia GW, Jiang HW, Chen G, Ding Q. REG1A predicts recurrence in stage Ta/T1 bladder cancer. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY 2009; 35:852-7. [PMID: 19167858 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2008.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2008] [Revised: 12/10/2008] [Accepted: 12/15/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Stage Ta/T1 urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (Ta/T1 BC) has a marked tendency to recur. Regenerating protein 1 A (REG1A) has been reported to be expressed in human cancers, and it may be positively correlated with patient's prognosis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prognostic value of REG1A in Ta/T1 BC. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was done on 110 paraffin-embedded specimens of human Ta/T1 BC to detect the proteins REG1A, PCNA and MMP2. The relationships between REG1A expression and the clinical-pathological characteristics of Ta/T1 BC patients were evaluated. RESULTS Sixty-five out of 110 specimens were REG1A-positive. Grade and expression levels of MMP2 and REG1A were significantly correlated with the recurrence rate. REG1A expression (Hazard ratio: 3.1; 95% CI: 1.1-8.5; P=0.030) was an independent predictor of recurrence rate in multivariate Cox regression analysis. A significant association between REG1A expression and MMP2 expression (P=0.023) was also observed. CONCLUSION Expression of REG1A is an independent predictor of recurrence in Ta/T1 BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Geng
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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23
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Hayashi K, Motoyama S, Koyota S, Koizumi Y, Wang J, Takasawa S, Itaya-Hironaka A, Sakuramoto-Tsuchida S, Maruyama K, Saito H, Minamiya Y, Ogawa JI, Sugiyama T. REG I enhances chemo- and radiosensitivity in squamous cell esophageal cancer cells. Cancer Sci 2008; 99:2491-5. [PMID: 19032369 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2008.00980.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of reliable markers of chemo- and radiosensitivity and the key molecules that enhance the susceptibility of squamous esophageal cancer cells to anticancer treatments would be highly desirable. To test whether regenerating gene (REG) I expression enhances chemo- and radiosensitivity in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells, we used MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assays to compare the chemo- and radiosensitivities of untransfected TE-5 and TE-9 cells with those of cells stably transfected with REG Ialpha and Ibeta. We then used flow cytometry to determine whether REG I expression alters cell cycle progression. No REG I mRNA or protein were detected in untransfected TE-5 and TE-9 cells. Transfection with REG Ialpha and Ibeta led to strong expression of both REG I mRNA and protein in TE-5 and TE-9 cells, which in turn led to significant increases in both chemo- and radiosensitivity. Cell cycle progression was unaffected by REG I expression. REG I thus appears to enhance the chemo- and radiosensitivity of squamous esophageal cancer cells, which suggests that it may be a useful target for improved and more individualized treatments for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Hayashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Akita University School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita 010-8543, Japan
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24
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Zheng SQ, He J. Advances in regenerating gene family and digestive system neoplasms. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2008; 16:2644-2648. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v16.i23.2644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the first member of regenerating gene (Reg) family was discovered in 1988, it has been verified that regenerating genes play important roles in diabetes, inflammation and injury, and digestive system tumors. Now, more members of Reg family have been cloned. With further investigations, the great role of Reg family, especially Reg IV, in digestive system neoplasms has attracted more and more attention.
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