1
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Saha S, Mukherjee B, Banerjee P, Das D. The 'Not-So-Famous Five' in tumorigenesis: tRNAs, tRNA fragments, and tRNA epitranscriptome in concert with AARSs and AIMPs. Biochimie 2024; 222:45-62. [PMID: 38401639 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
RNA profiling studies have revealed that ∼75% of the human genome is transcribed to RNA but only a meagre fraction of it is translated to proteins. Majority of transcribed RNA constitute a specialized pool of non-coding RNAs. Human genome contains approximately 506 genes encoding a set of 51 different tRNAs, constituting a unique class of non-coding RNAs that not only have essential housekeeping functions as translator molecules during protein synthesis, but have numerous uncharted regulatory functions. Intriguing findings regarding a variety of non-canonical functions of tRNAs, tRNA derived fragments (tRFs), esoteric epitranscriptomic modifications of tRNAs, along with aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (AARSs) and ARS-interacting multifunctional proteins (AIMPs), envision a 'peripheral dogma' controlling the flow of genetic information in the backdrop of qualitative information wrung out of the long-live central dogma of molecular biology, to drive cells towards either proliferation or differentiation programs. Our review will substantiate intriguing peculiarities of tRNA gene clusters, atypical tRNA-transcription from internal promoters catalysed by another distinct RNA polymerase enzyme, dynamically diverse tRNA epitranscriptome, intricate mechanism of tRNA-charging by AARSs governing translation fidelity, epigenetic regulation of gene expression by tRNA fragments, and the role of tRNAs and tRNA derived/associated molecules as quantitative determinants of the functional proteome, covertly orchestrating the process of tumorigenesis, through a deregulated tRNA-ome mediating selective codon-biased translation of cancer related gene transcripts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sutapa Saha
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1, College Street, Kolkata, 700073, WB, India.
| | - Biyas Mukherjee
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, India
| | - Proma Banerjee
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1, College Street, Kolkata, 700073, WB, India
| | - Debadrita Das
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1, College Street, Kolkata, 700073, WB, India
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2
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Zhang X, Wu L, Jia L, Hu X, Yao Y, Liu H, Ma J, Wang W, Li L, Chen K, Liu B. The implication of integrative multiple RNA modification-based subtypes in gastric cancer immunotherapy and prognosis. iScience 2024; 27:108897. [PMID: 38318382 PMCID: PMC10839690 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have focused on the impact of individual RNA modifications on tumor development. This study comprehensively investigated the effects of multiple RNA modifications, including m6A, alternative polyadenylation, pseudouridine, adenosine-to-inosine editing, and uridylation, on gastric cancer (GC). By analyzing 1,946 GC samples from eleven independent cohorts, we identified distinct clusters of RNA modification genes with varying survival rates and immunological characteristics. We assessed the chromatin activity of these RNA modification clusters through regulon enrichment analysis. A prognostic model was developed using Stepwise Regression and Random Survival Forest algorithms and validated in ten independent datasets. Notably, the low-risk group showed a more favorable prognosis and positive response to immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Single-cell RNA sequencing confirmed the abundant expression of signature genes in B cells and plasma cells. Overall, our findings shed light on the potential significance of multiple RNA modifications in GC prognosis, stemness development, and chemotherapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangnan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Liuxing Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300060, China
- Department of Bioinformatics, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Liqing Jia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Xin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Yanxin Yao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Huahuan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Junfu Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Lian Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Kexin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Ben Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300060, China
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3
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Saettini F, Guerra F, Fazio G, Bugarin C, McMillan HJ, Ohtake A, Ardissone A, Itoh M, Giglio S, Cappuccio G, Giardino G, Romano R, Quadri M, Gasperini S, Moratto D, Chiarini M, Akira I, Fukuhara Y, Hayakawa I, Okazaki Y, Mauri M, Piazza R, Cazzaniga G, Biondi A. Antibody Deficiency in Patients with Biallelic KARS1 Mutations. J Clin Immunol 2023; 43:2115-2125. [PMID: 37770806 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-023-01584-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Biallelic KARS1 mutations cause KARS-related diseases, a rare syndromic condition encompassing central and peripheral nervous system impairment, heart and liver disease, and deafness. KARS1 encodes the t-RNA synthase of lysine, an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, involved in different physiological mechanisms (such as angiogenesis, post-translational modifications, translation initiation, autophagy and mitochondrial function). Although patients with immune-hematological abnormalities have been individually described, results have not been collectively discussed and functional studies investigating how KARS1 mutations affect B cells have not been performed. Here, we describe one patient with severe developmental delay, sensoneurinal deafness, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, hypogammaglobulinemia and recurrent infections. Pathogenic biallelic KARS1 variants (Phe291Val/ Pro499Leu) were associated with impaired B cell metabolism (decreased mitochondrial numbers and activity). All published cases of KARS-related diseases were identified. The corresponding authors and researchers involved in the diagnosis of inborn errors of immunity or genetic syndromes were contacted to obtain up-to-date clinical and immunological information. Seventeen patients with KARS-related diseases were identified. Recurrent/severe infections (9/17) and B cell abnormalities (either B cell lymphopenia [3/9], hypogammaglobulinemia [either IgG, IgA or IgM; 6/15] or impaired vaccine responses [4/7]) were frequently reported. Immunoglobulin replacement therapy was given in five patients. Full immunological assessment is warranted in these patients, who may require detailed investigation and specific supportive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Saettini
- Centro Tettamanti, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo Dei Tintori, Monza, Italy.
| | - Fabiola Guerra
- Pediatria, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo Dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
- Dipartimento Di Medicina E Chirurgia, Università Degli Studi Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Grazia Fazio
- Centro Tettamanti, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo Dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
| | - Cristina Bugarin
- Centro Tettamanti, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo Dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
| | - Hugh J McMillan
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Akira Ohtake
- Department of Clinical Genomics & Pediatrics, Saitama Medical University, Moroyama, Saitama, Japan
| | - Anna Ardissone
- Child Neurology, "Fondazione IRCCS IstitutoNeurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Masayuki Itoh
- Department of Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Sabrina Giglio
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Gerarda Cappuccio
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Pediatrics, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
- Current address: Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Giuliana Giardino
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Pediatrics, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Romano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Pediatrics, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Manuel Quadri
- Centro Tettamanti, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo Dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
| | - Serena Gasperini
- Pediatria, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo Dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
| | - Daniele Moratto
- Flow Cytometry Unit, Clinical ChemistryLaboratory, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Chiarini
- Flow Cytometry Unit, Clinical ChemistryLaboratory, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Ishiguro Akira
- Center for Postgraduate Education and Training, National Center for Child Health and Development (NCCHD), Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Hematology, National Center for Child Health and Development (NCCHD), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Fukuhara
- Division of Medical Genetics, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Itaru Hayakawa
- Division of Neurology, National Center for Child Health and Development (NCCHD), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Okazaki
- Division of Neurology, National Center for Child Health and Development (NCCHD), Tokyo, Japan
- Diagnostics and Therapeutic of Intractable Diseases, Intractable Disease Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mario Mauri
- Dipartimento Di Medicina E Chirurgia, Università Degli Studi Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Rocco Piazza
- Ematologia, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
| | - Gianni Cazzaniga
- Centro Tettamanti, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo Dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
- Dipartimento Di Medicina E Chirurgia, Università Degli Studi Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Biondi
- Centro Tettamanti, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo Dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
- Pediatria, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo Dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
- Dipartimento Di Medicina E Chirurgia, Università Degli Studi Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
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4
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Li Y, Faiz A, Moshage H, Schilling L, Kamps JAAM. Responses of retinal and brain microvasculature to streptozotocin induced diabetes revealed by global expression profiling. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2023; 20:14791641221147533. [PMID: 36606460 PMCID: PMC9982389 DOI: 10.1177/14791641221147533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to determine the effects of diabetes in the retinal and brain microvasculature through gene expression profiling. Twelve male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and time-matched nondiabetic rats. The retinal microvessels (RMVs) and brain microvessels (BMVs) were mechanically isolated from individual rats. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in diabetic and nondiabetic microvessels were identified by cDNA microarrays analysis. In RMVs, we identified 43 DEGs, of which 20 were upregulated while 23 were downregulated by diabetes. In BMVs, 35 genes DEGs were identified, of which 22 were upregulated and 13 were downregulated by diabetes. Altered expression of the Nars, Gars, Mars, Iars, Yars, Bcl2, Nqo1, NR4A3, Gpd1, Stc1, Tsc22d3, Tnfrsf21 mRNA as observed in the microarray analyses, was confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR. The aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) pathway in RMVs was significantly overrepresented as compared to BMVs. Our study demonstrates for the first time that in the brain microvasculature multiple compensatory mechanisms exists, serving to protect brain tissue from diabetic insults, whereas these mechanisms are not activated in the retinal microvasculature. This provides new insights as to why brain microvasculature is less susceptible to diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youhai Li
- Division of Neurosurgical Research, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; European Center of Angioscience, Medical
Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Pathology and Medical
Biology, University Medical Center
Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alen Faiz
- Department of Pathology and Medical
Biology, University Medical Center
Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Han Moshage
- Department of Gastroenterology and
Hepatology, University Medical Center
Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lothar Schilling
- Division of Neurosurgical Research, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; European Center of Angioscience, Medical
Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jan AAM Kamps
- Department of Pathology and Medical
Biology, University Medical Center
Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Jan AAM Kamps, Department of Pathology and
Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen,
Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), 9713GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
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5
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Wusiman W, Zhang Z, Ding Q, Liu M. The pathophyiological role of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in digestive system diseases. Front Physiol 2022; 13:935576. [PMID: 36017335 PMCID: PMC9396140 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.935576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) catalyze the ligation of amino acids to their cognate transfer RNAs and are indispensable enzymes for protein biosynthesis in all the cells. Previously, ARSs were considered simply as housekeeping enzymes, however, they are now known to be involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, such as tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, and immune response. In this review, we summarize the role of ARSs in the digestive system, including the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon, as well as the auxiliary organs such as the pancreas, liver, and the gallbladder. Furthermore, we specifically focus on the diagnostic and prognostic value of ARSs in cancers, aiming to provide new insights into the pathophysiological implications of ARSs in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wugelanmu Wusiman
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zerui Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- *Correspondence: Mei Liu,
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6
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Lee DH, Paik ES, Cho YJ, Lee YY, Lee B, Lee EJ, Choi JJ, Choi CH, Lee S, Choi JW, Lee JW. Changes in subcellular localization of Lysyl-tRNA synthetase and the 67-kDa laminin receptor in epithelial ovarian cancer metastases. Cancer Biomark 2022; 35:99-109. [DOI: 10.3233/cbm-210077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although lysyl-tRNA synthetase (KARS1) is predominantly located in the cytosol, it is also present in the plasma membrane where it stabilizes the 67-kDa laminin receptor (67LR). This physical interaction is strongly increased under metastatic conditions. However, the dynamic interaction of these two proteins and the turnover of KARS1 in the plasma membrane has not previously been investigated. OBJECTIVE: Our objective in this study was to identify the membranous location of KARS1 and 67LR and investigate if this changes with the developmental stage of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and treatment with the inhibitor BC-K01. In addition, we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of BC-K01 in combination with paclitaxel, as the latter is frequently used to treat patients with EOC. METHODS: Overall survival and prognostic significance were determined in EOC patients according to KARS1 and 67LR expression levels as determined by immunohistochemistry. Changes in the location and expression of KARS1 and 67LR were investigated in vitro after BC-K01 treatment. The effects of this compound on tumor growth and apoptosis were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS: EOC patients with high KARS1 and high 67LR expression had lower progression-free survival rates than those with low expression levels of these two markers. BC-K01 reduced cell viability and increased apoptosis in combination with paclitaxel in EOC cell xenograft mouse models. BC-K01 decreased membranous KARS1 expression, causing a reduction in 67LR membrane expression in EOC cell lines. BC-K01 significantly decreased in vivo tumor weight and number of nodules, especially when used in combination with paclitaxel. CONCLUSIONS: Co-localization of KARS1 and 67LR in the plasma membrane contributes to EOC progression. Inhibition of the KARS1-67LR interaction by BC-K01 suppresses metastasis in EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Hoon Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - E. Sun Paik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Jae Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoo-Young Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bada Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eui Jin Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Joo Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chel-Hun Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sangmin Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Woo Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Regulatory Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Won Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Khan K, Gogonea V, Fox PL. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases of the multi-tRNA synthetase complex and their role in tumorigenesis. Transl Oncol 2022; 19:101392. [PMID: 35278792 PMCID: PMC8914993 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammalian cells, 20 aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (AARS) catalyze the ligation of amino acids to their cognate tRNAs to generate aminoacylated-tRNAs. In higher eukaryotes, 9 of the 20 AARSs, along with 3 auxiliary proteins, join to form the cytoplasmic multi-tRNA synthetase complex (MSC). The complex is absent in prokaryotes, but evolutionary expansion of MSC constituents, primarily by addition of novel interacting domains, facilitates formation of subcomplexes that join to establish the holo-MSC. In some cases, environmental cues direct the release of constituents from the MSC which enables the execution of non-canonical, i.e., "moonlighting", functions distinct from their essential activities in protein translation. These activities are generally beneficial, but can also be deleterious to the cell. Elucidation of the non-canonical activities of several AARSs residing in the MSC suggest they are potential therapeutic targets for cancer, as well as metabolic and neurologic diseases. Here, we describe the role of MSC-resident AARSs in cancer progression, and the factors that regulate their release from the MSC. Also, we highlight recent developments in therapeutic modalities that target MSC AARSs for cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnendu Khan
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States of America.
| | - Valentin Gogonea
- Department of Chemistry, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, United States of America
| | - Paul L Fox
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States of America.
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Tryptophanyl tRNA Synthetase from Human Macrophages Infected by Porphyromonas gingivalis Induces a Proinflammatory Response Associated with Atherosclerosis. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10121648. [PMID: 34959604 PMCID: PMC8708850 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10121648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis is the most common microorganism associated with adult periodontal disease, causing inflammation around the subgingival lesion. In this study, we investigated tryptophanyl tRNA synthase (WRS) production by THP-1 cells infected with P. gingivalis. Cytokine production, leukocyte adhesion molecules, and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) expressions in cultured cells were examined. WRS was detected in THP-1 cell culture supernatants stimulated with P. gingivalis from 1 to 24 h, and apparent production was observed after 4 h. No change in WRS mRNA expression was observed from 1 to 6 h in THP-1 cells, whereas its expression was significantly increased 12 h after stimulation with P. gingivalis. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was observed from 4 to 24 h. The TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and CXCL2 levels of THP-1 cells were upregulated after treatment with recombinant WRS (rWRS) and were significantly reduced when THP-1 cells were treated with C29. The MCP-1, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 levels in human umbilical vein endothelial cells were upregulated following treatment with rWRS, and TAK242 suppressed these effects. Additionally, unmodified LDLR, macrophage scavenger receptor A, and lectin-like oxidized LDLRs were upregulated in THP-1 cells treated with rWRS. These results suggest that WRS from macrophages infected with P. gingivalis is associated with atherosclerosis.
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9
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Zhou Z, Sun B, Nie A, Yu D, Bian M. Roles of Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases in Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:599765. [PMID: 33330488 PMCID: PMC7729087 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.599765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) catalyze the ligation of amino acids to their cognate transfer RNAs (tRNAs), thus playing an important role in protein synthesis. In eukaryotic cells, these enzymes exist in free form or in the form of multi-tRNA synthetase complex (MSC). The latter contains nine cytoplasmic ARSs and three ARS-interacting multifunctional proteins (AIMPs). Normally, ARSs and AIMPs are regarded as housekeeping molecules without additional functions. However, a growing number of studies indicate that ARSs are involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, especially tumorigenesis. Here, we introduce the roles of ARSs and AIMPs in certain cancers, such as colon cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, gastric cancer and pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, we particularly focus on their potential clinical applications in cancer, aiming at providing new insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhou
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bao Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institution of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Anzheng Nie
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dongsheng Yu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Meng Bian
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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10
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Roles of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in immune regulation and immune diseases. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:901. [PMID: 31780718 PMCID: PMC6883034 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2145-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) play a vital role in protein synthesis by linking amino acids to their cognate transfer RNAs (tRNAs). This typical function has been well recognized over the past few decades. However, accumulating evidence reveals that ARSs are involved in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes apart from translation. Strikingly, certain ARSs are closely related to different types of immune responses. In this review, we address the infection and immune responses induced by pathogen ARSs, as well as the potential anti-infective compounds that target pathogen ARSs. Meanwhile, we describe the functional mechanisms of ARSs in the development of immune cells. In addition, we focus on the roles of ARSs in certain immune diseases, such as autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases, and tumor immunity. Although our knowledge of ARSs in the immunological context is still in its infancy, research in this field may provide new ideas for the treatment of immune-related diseases.
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11
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Di X, Jin X, Ma H, Wang R, Cong S, Tian C, Liu J, Zhao M, Li R, Wang K. The Oncogene IARS2 Promotes Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Tumorigenesis by Activating the AKT/MTOR Pathway. Front Oncol 2019; 9:393. [PMID: 31157169 PMCID: PMC6528107 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A limited number of studies have indicated an association between isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase 2 (IARS2) and tumorigenesis. We evaluated IARS2 protein expression in lung tumor tissues and paired non-tumor tissues. We found higher IARS2 expression in the tumor tissues, which was associated with the late Tumor and Node stages of the Tumor, Node, Metastasis staging system. Silencing IARS2 inhibited the activity of A549 and H1299 cells, resulting in G0/G1 stasis of A549 cells and mitochondrial apoptosis. IARS2 silencing was also found to inhibit NSCLC tumor growth in nude mice. Complementary DNA microarray analysis revealed 742 differentially expressed genes (507 upregulated and 235 downregulated) in IARS2-silenced A549 cells compared to controls. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis of the differential expression data suggested that multiple pathways are associated with IARS2 silencing in NSCLC cells; upstream analysis predicted the activation or inhibition of transcriptional regulators. Correlation analysis revealed that AKT and MTOR activities were significantly inhibited in IARS2-silenced cells, but were partially restored by the AKT-stimulating agent SC79. IARS2 appears to regulate lung cancer cell proliferation via the AKT/MTOR pathway. Our results help clarify the complex roles of IARS2 in tumorigenesis and suggest that it may be a novel regulator of lung cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Di
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Oncology and Hematology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - He Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ruimin Wang
- Department of Operation Room, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shan Cong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chang Tian
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiaying Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ranwei Li
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Ryu HJ, Kim EK, Cho BC, Yoon SO. Characterization of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma arising in young patients: Particular focus on molecular alteration and tumor immunity. Head Neck 2018; 41:198-207. [DOI: 10.1002/hed.25507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hyang Joo Ryu
- Department of PathologyYonsei University College of Medicine Seoul South Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Kim
- Department of PathologyYonsei University College of Medicine Seoul South Korea
- Department of PathologyNational Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital Goyang South Korea
| | - Byoung Chul Cho
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer CenterYonsei University College of Medicine Seoul South Korea
| | - Sun Och Yoon
- Department of PathologyYonsei University College of Medicine Seoul South Korea
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer CenterYonsei University College of Medicine Seoul South Korea
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13
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Lim HX, Jung HJ, Lee A, Park SH, Han BW, Cho D, Kim TS. Lysyl-Transfer RNA Synthetase Induces the Maturation of Dendritic Cells through MAPK and NF-κB Pathways, Strongly Contributing to Enhanced Th1 Cell Responses. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 201:2832-2841. [PMID: 30275047 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In addition to essential roles in protein synthesis, lysyl-tRNA synthetase (KRS) is secreted to trigger a proinflammatory function that induces macrophage activation and TNF-α secretion. KRS has been associated with autoimmune diseases such as polymyositis and dermatomyositis. In this study, we investigated the immunomodulatory effects of KRS on bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) of C57BL/6 mice and subsequent polarization of Th cells and analyzed the underlying mechanisms. KRS-treated DCs increased the expression of cell surface molecules and proinflammatory cytokines associated with DC maturation and activation. Especially, KRS treatment significantly increased production of IL-12, a Th1-polarizing cytokine, in DCs. KRS triggered the nuclear translocation of the NF-κB p65 subunit along with the degradation of IκB proteins and the phosphorylation of MAPKs in DCs. Additionally, JNK, p38, and ERK inhibitors markedly recovered the degradation of IκB proteins, suggesting the involvement of MAPKs as the upstream regulators of NF-κB in the KRS-induced DC maturation and activation. Importantly, KRS-treated DCs strongly increased the differentiation of Th1 cells when cocultured with CD4+ T cells. The addition of anti-IL-12-neutralizing Ab abolished the secretion of IFN-γ in the coculture, indicating that KRS induces Th1 cell response via DC-derived IL-12. Moreover, KRS enhanced the OVA-specific Th1 cell polarization in vivo following the adoptive transfer of OVA-pulsed DCs. Taken together, these results indicated that KRS effectively induced the maturation and activation of DCs through MAPKs/NF-κB-signaling pathways and favored DC-mediated Th1 cell response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xuan Lim
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak-Jun Jung
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Arim Lee
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Si Hoon Park
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Woo Han
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; and
| | - Daeho Cho
- Institute of Convergence Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Sung Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea;
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Räihä MR, Puolakkainen PA. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) as biomarkers for gastric cancer: A review. Chronic Dis Transl Med 2018; 4:156-163. [PMID: 30276362 PMCID: PMC6160505 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdtm.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric adenocarcinoma is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide, with an incidence of a million new cases annually. In addition to having a high mortality rate due to often delayed detection and its poor response to cancer therapy, it also spreads aggressively. Inflammation has been shown to play a role in carcinogenesis. Consequently, macrophages are important in phagocytosis, antigen presenting and producing cytokines and growth factors. As a response to microenvironmental signals, they may polarize into tumor resisting M1 or tumor promoting M2 macrophages. Recently, studies have indicated that M2-type macrophage resembling tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) might be used as an independent prognostic factor for gastric cancer. This review will discuss the possible use of TAMs as prognostic tools for gastric cancer and whether they are suitable for use in clinical environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meri R Räihä
- Department of Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Pauli A Puolakkainen
- Department of Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
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15
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Ryu HJ, Kim EK, Heo SJ, Cho BC, Kim HR, Yoon SO. Architectural patterns of p16 immunohistochemical expression associated with cancer immunity and prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. APMIS 2017; 125:974-984. [DOI: 10.1111/apm.12744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyang Joo Ryu
- Department of Pathology Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Kim
- Department of Pathology Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Su Jin Heo
- Yonsei Cancer Center, Division of Medical Oncology Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Byoung Chul Cho
- Yonsei Cancer Center, Division of Medical Oncology Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Hye Ryun Kim
- Yonsei Cancer Center, Division of Medical Oncology Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Sun Och Yoon
- Department of Pathology Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
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Kim EK, Yoon SO, Jung WY, Lee H, Kang Y, Jang YJ, Hong SW, Choi SH, Yang WI. Implications of NOVA1 suppression within the microenvironment of gastric cancer: association with immune cell dysregulation. Gastric Cancer 2017; 20:438-447. [PMID: 27318497 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-016-0623-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The neuronal splicing factor neuro-oncological ventral antigen 1 (NOVA1) is enriched in normal fibroblasts. Stromal spindle cells such as fibroblasts are major components of tissue inflammation and tertiary lymphoid structures within the microenvironment that contribute to the survival and growth of cancer cells. In the present study, we investigated changes of NOVA1 expression in tertiary lymphoid structures in early and advanced gastric cancer microenvironments in terms of tumor progression and immune regulation. METHODS Using immunohistochemistry, we analyzed NOVA1 expression in tumor cells, T cells, and stromal spindle cells as well as infiltrating densities of CD3+ T cells, forkhead box P3 positive (FOXP3+) regulatory T cells, CD68+ macrophages, CD163+ M2 macrophages, and myeloperoxidase-positive neutrophils in 396 surgically resected gastric cancer tissues. RESULTS Suppressed NOVA1 expression in tumor cells, T cells, and stromal spindle cells was closely related to decreased infiltration of FOXP3+ regulatory T cells, increased infiltration of CD68+ macrophages and CD163+ M2 macrophages, more advanced tumor stage, and inferior overall survival rate. In addition, low infiltration of CD3+ T cells and FOXP3+ regulatory T cells and high infiltration of CD68+ macrophages were associated with inferior overall survival. Specifically, weak NOVA1 expression in tumor cells was independently related to more advanced tumor stage and inferior overall survival. CONCLUSIONS NOVA1 suppression was frequently noted in the gastric cancer microenvironment, and attenuated NOVA1 expression in tumor cells was associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis. This finding seems to be related to immune dysfunction through changes in the immune cell composition of T cells and macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Kyung Kim
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Korea
| | - Sun Och Yoon
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Korea.
| | - Woon Yong Jung
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunjoo Lee
- Department of Pathology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngran Kang
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - You-Jin Jang
- Department of Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soon Won Hong
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Korea
| | - Seung Ho Choi
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Ick Yang
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Korea
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PD-L1 expression on immune cells, but not on tumor cells, is a favorable prognostic factor for head and neck cancer patients. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36956. [PMID: 27841362 PMCID: PMC5107906 DOI: 10.1038/srep36956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and immune checkpoints and their prognostic value for resected head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC). PD-L1 expression on tumor cells (TC) and tumor-infiltrating immune cells (IC), abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and expression of the immune checkpoints were investigated in 402 HNSCC patients. PD-L1 expression on TC and IC was categorized into four groups according to the percentage of PD-L1-positive cells. PD-L1 positivity was defined as ≥5% of cells based on immunohistochemistry. High PD-L1 expression on IC, but not TC, was an independent favorable prognostic factor for RFS and OS adjusted for age, gender, smoking, stage, and HPV. High frequencies of CD3+ or CD8+ TILs, Foxp3+ Tregs, and PD-1+ TILs were strongly associated with favorable prognosis. PD-L1 was exclusively expressed on either TC or IC. Transcriptome analysis demonstrated that IC3 expressed higher levels of the effector T cell markers than TC3, suggesting that PD-L1 expression is regulated via an adaptive IFNγ-mediated mechanism. High PD-L1 expression on IC, but not TC, and high abundance of PD-1+ T cells and Foxp3+ Tregs are favorable prognostic factors for resected HNSCC. This study highlights the importance of comprehensive assessment of both TC and IC.
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Yoon SO, Kim EK, Lee M, Jung WY, Lee H, Kang Y, Jang YJ, Hong SW, Choi SH, Yang WI. NOVA1 inhibition by miR-146b-5p in the remnant tissue microenvironment defines occult residual disease after gastric cancer removal. Oncotarget 2016; 7:2475-95. [PMID: 26673617 PMCID: PMC4823049 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Occult residual disease in remnant tissues could be the cause of tumor relapse. To identify signal molecules and target cells that may be indicative of occult residual disease within a remnant microenvironment, proximal resection margin tissues of gastric cancers were used, as these correspond to the nearest remnant tissues after gastrectomy. Increased miR-146b-5p in the remnant microenvironment was determined to be a strong risk factor for tumor relapse and poor survival rate. NOVA1, a target gene of miR-146b-5p, was decreased in remnant tissues of patients with a poor prognosis. NOVA1 was enriched in stromal spindle cells such as fibroblasts within normal tissues. In non-neoplastic inflammation, such as gastritis, NOVA1 was highly enriched in T lymphocytes and stromal spindle cells, while expression of this protein was frequently decreased in those types of cells within gastric cancer tissues. Particularly, decreased NOVA1 in T cells within the gastric cancer tissues was correlated with decreased FOXP3-positive regulatory T cells and was associated with poor patient prognosis. In vitro analysis showed that the NOVA1 gene was inhibited by miR-146b-5p. In immune cells as well as stromal spindle cells, decreased NOVA1, possibly inhibited by miR-146b-5p, is a candidate biomarker predicting poor prognosis of gastric cancer patients and is also a biomarker of occult residual disease in remnant tissues after gastric cancer removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Och Yoon
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Kim
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mira Lee
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woon Yong Jung
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunjoo Lee
- Department of Pathology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngran Kang
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - You-Jin Jang
- Department of Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soon Won Hong
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Ho Choi
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Ick Yang
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lee JH, You S, Hyeon DY, Kang B, Kim H, Park KM, Han B, Hwang D, Kim S. Comprehensive data resources and analytical tools for pathological association of aminoacyl tRNA synthetases with cancer. DATABASE-THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL DATABASES AND CURATION 2015; 2015:bav022. [PMID: 25824651 PMCID: PMC4377328 DOI: 10.1093/database/bav022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian cells have cytoplasmic and mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) that catalyze aminoacylation of tRNAs during protein synthesis. Despite their housekeeping functions in protein synthesis, recently, ARSs and ARS-interacting multifunctional proteins (AIMPs) have been shown to play important roles in disease pathogenesis through their interactions with disease-related molecules. However, there are lacks of data resources and analytical tools that can be used to examine disease associations of ARS/AIMPs. Here, we developed an Integrated Database for ARSs (IDA), a resource database including cancer genomic/proteomic and interaction data of ARS/AIMPs. IDA includes mRNA expression, somatic mutation, copy number variation and phosphorylation data of ARS/AIMPs and their interacting proteins in various cancers. IDA further includes an array of analytical tools for exploration of disease association of ARS/AIMPs, identification of disease-associated ARS/AIMP interactors and reconstruction of ARS-dependent disease-perturbed network models. Therefore, IDA provides both comprehensive data resources and analytical tools for understanding potential roles of ARS/AIMPs in cancers. Database URL:http://ida.biocon.re.kr/, http://ars.biocon.re.kr/
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Lee
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea, School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea, Department of New Biology and Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, DGIST, Daegu 711-873, Republic of Korea and Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea, School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea, Department of New Biology and Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, DGIST, Daegu 711-873, Republic of Korea and Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungyong You
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea, School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea, Department of New Biology and Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, DGIST, Daegu 711-873, Republic of Korea and Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Young Hyeon
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea, School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea, Department of New Biology and Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, DGIST, Daegu 711-873, Republic of Korea and Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeongsoo Kang
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea, School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea, Department of New Biology and Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, DGIST, Daegu 711-873, Republic of Korea and Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyerim Kim
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea, School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea, Department of New Biology and Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, DGIST, Daegu 711-873, Republic of Korea and Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Mii Park
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea, School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea, Department of New Biology and Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, DGIST, Daegu 711-873, Republic of Korea and Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungwoo Han
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea, School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea, Department of New Biology and Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, DGIST, Daegu 711-873, Republic of Korea and Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Daehee Hwang
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea, School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea, Department of New Biology and Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, DGIST, Daegu 711-873, Republic of Korea and Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea, School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea, Department of New Biology and Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, DGIST, Daegu 711-873, Republic of Korea and Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghoon Kim
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea, School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea, Department of New Biology and Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, DGIST, Daegu 711-873, Republic of Korea and Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea, School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea, Department of New Biology and Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, DGIST, Daegu 711-873, Republic of Korea and Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
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