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Tempone MH, Borges-Martins VP, César F, Alexandrino-Mattos DP, de Figueiredo CS, Raony Í, dos Santos AA, Duarte-Silva AT, Dias MS, Freitas HR, de Araújo EG, Ribeiro-Resende VT, Cossenza M, P. Silva H, P. de Carvalho R, Ventura ALM, Calaza KC, Silveira MS, Kubrusly RCC, de Melo Reis RA. The Healthy and Diseased Retina Seen through Neuron-Glia Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1120. [PMID: 38256192 PMCID: PMC10817105 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The retina is the sensory tissue responsible for the first stages of visual processing, with a conserved anatomy and functional architecture among vertebrates. To date, retinal eye diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, retinitis pigmentosa, glaucoma, and others, affect nearly 170 million people worldwide, resulting in vision loss and blindness. To tackle retinal disorders, the developing retina has been explored as a versatile model to study intercellular signaling, as it presents a broad neurochemical repertoire that has been approached in the last decades in terms of signaling and diseases. Retina, dissociated and arranged as typical cultures, as mixed or neuron- and glia-enriched, and/or organized as neurospheres and/or as organoids, are valuable to understand both neuronal and glial compartments, which have contributed to revealing roles and mechanisms between transmitter systems as well as antioxidants, trophic factors, and extracellular matrix proteins. Overall, contributions in understanding neurogenesis, tissue development, differentiation, connectivity, plasticity, and cell death are widely described. A complete access to the genome of several vertebrates, as well as the recent transcriptome at the single cell level at different stages of development, also anticipates future advances in providing cues to target blinding diseases or retinal dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus H. Tempone
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21949-000, Brazil; (M.H.T.); (F.C.); (D.P.A.-M.); (V.T.R.-R.)
| | - Vladimir P. Borges-Martins
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedical Institute and Program of Neurosciences, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói 24020-150, Brazil; (V.P.B.-M.); (A.A.d.S.); (M.C.); (R.C.C.K.)
| | - Felipe César
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21949-000, Brazil; (M.H.T.); (F.C.); (D.P.A.-M.); (V.T.R.-R.)
| | - Dio Pablo Alexandrino-Mattos
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21949-000, Brazil; (M.H.T.); (F.C.); (D.P.A.-M.); (V.T.R.-R.)
| | - Camila S. de Figueiredo
- Department of Neurobiology and Program of Neurosciences, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói 24020-141, Brazil; (C.S.d.F.); (A.T.D.-S.); (E.G.d.A.); (R.P.d.C.); (A.L.M.V.); (K.C.C.)
| | - Ícaro Raony
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (Í.R.); (H.R.F.)
| | - Aline Araujo dos Santos
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedical Institute and Program of Neurosciences, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói 24020-150, Brazil; (V.P.B.-M.); (A.A.d.S.); (M.C.); (R.C.C.K.)
| | - Aline Teixeira Duarte-Silva
- Department of Neurobiology and Program of Neurosciences, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói 24020-141, Brazil; (C.S.d.F.); (A.T.D.-S.); (E.G.d.A.); (R.P.d.C.); (A.L.M.V.); (K.C.C.)
| | - Mariana Santana Dias
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy and Viral Vectors, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21949-000, Brazil; (M.S.D.); (H.P.S.)
| | - Hércules Rezende Freitas
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (Í.R.); (H.R.F.)
| | - Elisabeth G. de Araújo
- Department of Neurobiology and Program of Neurosciences, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói 24020-141, Brazil; (C.S.d.F.); (A.T.D.-S.); (E.G.d.A.); (R.P.d.C.); (A.L.M.V.); (K.C.C.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation—INCT-NIM, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Victor Tulio Ribeiro-Resende
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21949-000, Brazil; (M.H.T.); (F.C.); (D.P.A.-M.); (V.T.R.-R.)
| | - Marcelo Cossenza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedical Institute and Program of Neurosciences, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói 24020-150, Brazil; (V.P.B.-M.); (A.A.d.S.); (M.C.); (R.C.C.K.)
| | - Hilda P. Silva
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy and Viral Vectors, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21949-000, Brazil; (M.S.D.); (H.P.S.)
| | - Roberto P. de Carvalho
- Department of Neurobiology and Program of Neurosciences, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói 24020-141, Brazil; (C.S.d.F.); (A.T.D.-S.); (E.G.d.A.); (R.P.d.C.); (A.L.M.V.); (K.C.C.)
| | - Ana L. M. Ventura
- Department of Neurobiology and Program of Neurosciences, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói 24020-141, Brazil; (C.S.d.F.); (A.T.D.-S.); (E.G.d.A.); (R.P.d.C.); (A.L.M.V.); (K.C.C.)
| | - Karin C. Calaza
- Department of Neurobiology and Program of Neurosciences, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói 24020-141, Brazil; (C.S.d.F.); (A.T.D.-S.); (E.G.d.A.); (R.P.d.C.); (A.L.M.V.); (K.C.C.)
| | - Mariana S. Silveira
- Laboratory for Investigation in Neuroregeneration and Development, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21949-000, Brazil;
| | - Regina C. C. Kubrusly
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedical Institute and Program of Neurosciences, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói 24020-150, Brazil; (V.P.B.-M.); (A.A.d.S.); (M.C.); (R.C.C.K.)
| | - Ricardo A. de Melo Reis
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21949-000, Brazil; (M.H.T.); (F.C.); (D.P.A.-M.); (V.T.R.-R.)
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Menéndez Méndez A, Smith J, Engel T. Neonatal Seizures and Purinergic Signalling. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217832. [PMID: 33105750 PMCID: PMC7660091 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neonatal seizures are one of the most common comorbidities of neonatal encephalopathy, with seizures aggravating acute injury and clinical outcomes. Current treatment can control early life seizures; however, a high level of pharmacoresistance remains among infants, with increasing evidence suggesting current anti-seizure medication potentiating brain damage. This emphasises the need to develop safer therapeutic strategies with a different mechanism of action. The purinergic system, characterised by the use of adenosine triphosphate and its metabolites as signalling molecules, consists of the membrane-bound P1 and P2 purinoreceptors and proteins to modulate extracellular purine nucleotides and nucleoside levels. Targeting this system is proving successful at treating many disorders and diseases of the central nervous system, including epilepsy. Mounting evidence demonstrates that drugs targeting the purinergic system provide both convulsive and anticonvulsive effects. With components of the purinergic signalling system being widely expressed during brain development, emerging evidence suggests that purinergic signalling contributes to neonatal seizures. In this review, we first provide an overview on neonatal seizure pathology and purinergic signalling during brain development. We then describe in detail recent evidence demonstrating a role for purinergic signalling during neonatal seizures and discuss possible purine-based avenues for seizure suppression in neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Menéndez Méndez
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland; (A.M.M.); (J.S.)
| | - Jonathon Smith
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland; (A.M.M.); (J.S.)
- FutureNeuro, Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Chronic and Rare Neurological Diseases, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Tobias Engel
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland; (A.M.M.); (J.S.)
- FutureNeuro, Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Chronic and Rare Neurological Diseases, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +35-314-025-199
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Fluorescent Labeling and Quantification of Vesicular ATP Release Using Live Cell Imaging. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2041:209-221. [PMID: 31646491 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9717-6_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is actively transported into vesicles for purinergic neurotransmission by the vesicular nucleotide transporter, VNUT, encoded by the gene, solute carrier 17, member 9 (SLC17A9). In this chapter, methods are described for fluorescent labeling of VNUT positive cells and quantification of vesicular ATP release using live cell imaging. Directions for preparation of viable dissociated neurons and cellular labeling with an antibody against VNUT and for ATP containing synaptic vesicles with fluorescent ATP markers, quinacrine or MANT-ATP, are detailed. Using confocal microscope live cell imaging, cells positive for VNUT can be observed colocalized with fluorescent ATP vesicular markers, which occur as discrete puncta near the cell membrane. Vesicular release, stimulated with a depolarizing, high potassium physiological saline solution induces ATP marker fluorescence reduction at the cell membrane and this can be quantified over time to assess ATP release. Pretreatment with the voltage gated calcium channel blocker, cadmium, blocks depolarization-induced membrane fluorescence changes, suggesting that VNUT-positive neurons release ATP via calcium-dependent exocytosis. This technique may be applied for quantifying vesicular ATP release across the peripheral and central nervous system and is useful for unveiling the intricacies of purinergic neurotransmission.
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Yokoyama T, Yamamoto Y, Hirakawa M, Kato K, Saino T. Vesicular nucleotide transporter-immunoreactive type I cells associated with P2X3-immunoreactive nerve endings in the rat carotid body. J Comp Neurol 2019; 528:1486-1501. [PMID: 31808543 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
ATP is the major excitatory transmitter from chemoreceptor type I cells to sensory nerve endings in the carotid body, and has been suggested to be released by exocytosis from these cells. We investigated the mRNA expression and immunohistochemical localization of vesicular nucleotide transporter (VNUT) in the rat carotid body. RT-PCR detected mRNA expression of VNUT in extracts of the tissue. Immunoreactivity for VNUT was localized in a part of type I cells immunoreactive for synaptophysin (SYN), but not in glial-like type II cells immunoreactive for S100 and S100B. Among SYN-immunoreactive type I cells, VNUT immunoreactivity was selectively localized in the sub-population of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-immunorective type I cells associated with nerve endings immunoreactive for the P2X3 purinoceptor; however, it was not detected in the sub-population of type I cells immunoreactive for dopamine beta-hydroxylase. Multi-immunolabeling for VNUT, P2X3, and Bassoon revealed that Bassoon-immunoreactive products were localized in type I cells with VNUT immunoreactivity, and accumulated on the contact side of P2X3-immunoreactive nerve endings. These results revealed the selective localization of VNUT in the subpopulation of TH-immunoreactive type I cells attached to sensory nerve endings and suggested that these cells release ATP by exocytosis for chemosensory transmission in the carotid body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Yokoyama
- Department of Anatomy (Cell Biology), Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Yoshio Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Masato Hirakawa
- Department of Anatomy (Cell Biology), Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Kouki Kato
- Center for Laboratory Animal Science, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Saino
- Department of Anatomy (Cell Biology), Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
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Li D, Liu X, Liu T, Liu H, Tong L, Jia S, Wang YF. Neurochemical regulation of the expression and function of glial fibrillary acidic protein in astrocytes. Glia 2019; 68:878-897. [PMID: 31626364 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a type III intermediate filament, is a marker of mature astrocytes. The expression of GFAP gene is regulated by many transcription factors (TFs), mainly Janus kinase-2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 cascade and nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell signaling. GFAP expression is also modulated by protein kinase and other signaling molecules that are elicited by neuronal activity and hormones. Abnormal expression of GFAP proteins occurs in neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, brain edema-eliciting diseases, traumatic brain injury, psychiatric disorders and others. GFAP, mainly in α-isoform, is the major component of cytoskeleton and the scaffold of astrocytes, which is essential for the maintenance of astrocytic structure and shape. GFAP also has highly morphological plasticity because of its quick changes in assembling and polymerizing states in response to environmental challenges. This plasticity and its corresponding cellular morphological changes endow astrocytes the functions of physical barrier between adjacent neurons and stabilizer of extracellular environment. Moreover, GFAP colocalizes and even molecularly associates with many functional molecules. This feature allows GFAP to function as a platform for direct interactions between different molecules. Last, GFAP involves transportation and localization of other functional proteins and thus serves as a protein transport guide in astrocytes. This guiding role of GFAP involves an elastic retraction and extension cytoskeletal network that couples with GFAP reassembling, transporting, and membrane protein recycling machinery. This paper reviews our current understanding of the expression and functions of GFAP as well as their regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Li
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tianming Liu
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Haitao Liu
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Li Tong
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuwei Jia
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu-Feng Wang
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Miras-Portugal MT, Menéndez-Méndez A, Gómez-Villafuertes R, Ortega F, Delicado EG, Pérez-Sen R, Gualix J. Physiopathological Role of the Vesicular Nucleotide Transporter (VNUT) in the Central Nervous System: Relevance of the Vesicular Nucleotide Release as a Potential Therapeutic Target. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:224. [PMID: 31156398 PMCID: PMC6533569 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vesicular storage of neurotransmitters, which allows their subsequent exocytotic release, is essential for chemical transmission in the central nervous system. Neurotransmitter uptake into secretory vesicles is carried out by vesicular transporters, which use the electrochemical proton gradient generated by a vacuolar H+-ATPase to drive neurotransmitter vesicular accumulation. ATP and other nucleotides are relevant extracellular signaling molecules that participate in a variety of biological processes. Although the active transport of nucleotides into secretory vesicles has been characterized from the pharmacological and biochemical point of view, the protein responsible for such vesicular accumulation remained unidentified for some time. In 2008, the human SLC17A9 gene, the last identified member of the SLC17 transporters, was found to encode the vesicular nucleotide transporter (VNUT). VNUT is expressed in various ATP-secreting cells and is able to transport a wide variety of nucleotides in a vesicular membrane potential-dependent manner. VNUT knockout mice lack vesicular storage and release of ATP, resulting in blockage of the purinergic transmission. This review summarizes the current studies on VNUT and analyzes the physiological relevance of the vesicular nucleotide transport in the central nervous system. The possible role of VNUT in the development of some pathological processes, such as chronic neuropathic pain or glaucoma is also discussed. The putative involvement of VNUT in these pathologies raises the possibility of the use of VNUT inhibitors for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- María T Miras-Portugal
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aida Menéndez-Méndez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Gómez-Villafuertes
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Felipe Ortega
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esmerilda G Delicado
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Pérez-Sen
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Gualix
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
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Ventura ALM, Dos Santos-Rodrigues A, Mitchell CH, Faillace MP. Purinergic signaling in the retina: From development to disease. Brain Res Bull 2018; 151:92-108. [PMID: 30458250 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Retinal injuries and diseases are major causes of human disability involving vision impairment by the progressive and permanent loss of retinal neurons. During development, assembly of this tissue entails a successive and overlapping, signal-regulated engagement of complex events that include proliferation of progenitors, neurogenesis, cell death, neurochemical differentiation and synaptogenesis. During retinal damage, several of these events are re-activated with both protective and detrimental consequences. Purines and pyrimidines, along with their metabolites are emerging as important molecules regulating both retinal development and the tissue's responses to damage. The present review provides an overview of the purinergic signaling in the developing and injured retina. Recent findings on the presence of vesicular and channel-mediated ATP release by retinal and retinal pigment epithelial cells, adenosine synthesis and release, expression of receptors and intracellular signaling pathways activated by purinergic signaling in retinal cells are reported. The pathways by which purinergic receptors modulate retinal cell proliferation, migration and death of retinal cells during development and injury are summarized. The contribution of nucleotides to the self-repair of the injured zebrafish retina is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lucia Marques Ventura
- Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Program, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
| | | | - Claire H Mitchell
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ophthalmology, and Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
| | - Maria Paula Faillace
- Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Prof. Bernardo Houssay (IFIBIO-Houssay), Universidad de Buenos Aires y Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Pérez de Lara MJ, Guzmán-Aranguez A, Gómez-Villafuertes R, Gualix J, Miras-Portugal MT, Pintor J. Increased Ap 4A levels and ecto-nucleotidase activity in glaucomatous mice retina. Purinergic Signal 2018; 14:259-270. [PMID: 29948577 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-018-9612-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of glaucoma involves numerous intracellular mechanisms including the purinergic system contribution. Furthermore, the presence and release of nucleotides and dinucleotides during the glaucomatous damage and the maintenance of degradation machinery through ecto-nucleotidase activity are participating in the modulation of the suitable extracellular complex balance. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap4A) and the pattern of ecto-nucleotidase activity expression in glaucomatous retinas during the progress the pathology. Ap4A levels were analyzed by HPLC in glaucomatous retinas from the DBA/2J mice at 3, 9, 15, and 23 months of age. For that, retinas were dissected as flattened whole-mounts and stimulated in Ringer buffer with or without 59 mM KCl. NPP1 expression was analyzed by RT-PCR and western blot and its distribution was assessed by immunohistochemistry studies examined under confocal microscopy. Glaucomatous mice exhibited Ap4A values, which changed in stimulated retinas as long as the pathology progressed varying from 0.73 ± 0.04 (3 months) to 0.170 ± 0.05 pmol/mg retina (23 months). Concomitantly, NPP1 expression was significantly increased (82.15%) in the DBA/2J mice at 15 months. Furthermore, immunohistochemical studies showed that NPP1 labeling was stronger in OPL and IPL labeling tangentially in the vitreal part of the retina and was upregulated at 15 months of age. Our findings demonstrate that Ap4A decreased levels may be related with exacerbated activity of NPP1 protein in glaucomatous degeneration and in this way contributing to elucidate different mechanisms involved in retinal impairment in glaucomatous degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- María J Pérez de Lara
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology IV, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Complutense University of Madrid, c/Arcos de Jalón 118, 28037, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Guzmán-Aranguez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology IV, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Complutense University of Madrid, c/Arcos de Jalón 118, 28037, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Gómez-Villafuertes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology IV, Faculty of Veterinary, Complutense University of Madrid, Av/ Puerta del Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Gualix
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology IV, Faculty of Veterinary, Complutense University of Madrid, Av/ Puerta del Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Teresa Miras-Portugal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology IV, Faculty of Veterinary, Complutense University of Madrid, Av/ Puerta del Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Pintor
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology IV, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Complutense University of Madrid, c/Arcos de Jalón 118, 28037, Madrid, Spain.
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Harada Y, Kato Y, Miyaji T, Omote H, Moriyama Y, Hiasa M. Vesicular nucleotide transporter mediates ATP release and migration in neutrophils. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:3770-3779. [PMID: 29363573 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.810168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils migrate to sites infected by pathogenic microorganisms. This migration is regulated by neutrophil-secreted ATP, which stimulates neutrophils in an autocrine manner through purinergic receptors on the plasma membrane. Although previous studies have shown that ATP is released through channels at the plasma membrane of the neutrophil, it remains unknown whether it is also released through alternate secretory systems involving vesicular mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the possible involvement of vesicular nucleotide transporter (VNUT), a key molecule for vesicular storage and nucleotide release, in ATP secretion from neutrophils. RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis indicated that VNUT is expressed in mouse neutrophils. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated that VNUT mainly colocalized with matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), a marker of tertiary granules, which are secretory organelles. In mouse neutrophils, ATP release was inhibited by clodronate, which is a potent VNUT inhibitor. Furthermore, neutrophils from VNUT-/- mice did not release ATP and exhibited significantly reduced migration in vitro and in vivo These findings suggest that tertiary granule-localized VNUT is responsible for vesicular ATP release and subsequent neutrophil migration. Thus, these findings suggest an additional mechanism through which ATP is released by neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuika Harada
- From the Department of Membrane Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yuri Kato
- the Advanced Science Research Center, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan, and
| | - Takaaki Miyaji
- the Advanced Science Research Center, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan, and
| | - Hiroshi Omote
- From the Department of Membrane Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Moriyama
- From the Department of Membrane Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8530, Japan, .,the Department of Biochemistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Siojiri 399-0781, Japan
| | - Miki Hiasa
- From the Department of Membrane Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8530, Japan,
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Vesicular nucleotide transporter (VNUT): appearance of an actress on the stage of purinergic signaling. Purinergic Signal 2017; 13:387-404. [PMID: 28616712 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-017-9568-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vesicular storage of ATP is one of the processes initiating purinergic chemical transmission. Although an active transport mechanism was postulated to be involved in the processes, a transporter(s) responsible for the vesicular storage of ATP remained unidentified for some time. In 2008, SLC17A9, the last identified member of the solute carrier 17 type I inorganic phosphate transporter family, was found to encode the vesicular nucleotide transporter (VNUT) that is responsible for the vesicular storage of ATP. VNUT transports various nucleotides in a membrane potential-dependent fashion and is expressed in the various ATP-secreting cells. Mice with knockout of the VNUT gene lose vesicular storage and release of ATP from neurons and neuroendocrine cells, resulting in blockage of the initiation of purinergic chemical transmission. Thus, VNUT plays an essential role in the vesicular storage and release of ATP. The VNUT knockout mice exhibit resistance for neuropathic pain and a therapeutic effect against diabetes by way of increased insulin sensitivity. Thus, VNUT inhibitors and suppression of VNUT gene expression may be used for therapeutic purposes through suppression of purinergic chemical transmission. This review summarizes the studies to date on VNUT and discusses what we have learned about the relevance of vesicular ATP release as a potential drug target.
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Jacques FJ, Silva TM, da Silva FE, Ornelas IM, Ventura ALM. Nucleotide P2Y13-stimulated phosphorylation of CREB is required for ADP-induced proliferation of late developing retinal glial progenitors in culture. Cell Signal 2017; 35:95-106. [PMID: 28347874 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Nucleotides stimulate phosphorylation of CREB to induce cell proliferation and survival in diverse cell types. We report here that ADP induces the phosphorylation of CREB in a time- and concentration-dependent manner in chick embryo retinal progenitors in culture. ADP-induced increase in phospho-CREB is mediated by P2 receptors as it is blocked by PPADS but not by the adenosine antagonists DPCPX or ZM241385. Incubation of the cultures with the CREB inhibitor KG-501 prevents ADP-induced incorporation of [3H]-thymidine, indicating that CREB is involved in retinal cell proliferation. No effect of this compound is observed on the viability of retinal progenitors. While no significant increase in CREB phosphorylation is observed with the P2Y1 receptor agonist MRS2365, ADP-induced phosphorylation of CREB is blocked by the P2Y13 receptor selective antagonist MRS2211, but not by MRS2179 or PSB0739, two antagonists of the P2Y1 and P2Y12 receptors, respectively, suggesting that ADP-induced CREB phosphorylation is mediated by P2Y13 receptors. ADP-induced increase in phospho-CREB is attenuated by the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 and completely prevented by the MEK inhibitor U0126, suggesting that at least ERK is involved in ADP-induced CREB phosphorylation. A pharmacological profile similar to the activation and inhibition of CREB phosphorylation is observed in the phosphorylation of ERK, suggesting that P2Y13 receptors mediate ADP induced ERK/CREB pathway in the cultures. While no increase in [3H]-thymidine incorporation is observed with the P2Y1 receptor agonist MRS2365, both MRS2179 and MRS2211 prevent ADP-mediated increase in [3H]-thymidine incorporation, but not progenitor's survival, suggesting that both P2Y1 and P2Y13 receptor subtypes are involved in ADP-induced cell proliferation. P2Y1 receptor-mediated increase in [Ca2+]i is observed in glial cells only when cultures maintained for 9days are used. In glia from cultures cultivated for only 2days, no increase in [Ca2+]i is detected with MRS2365 and no inhibition of ADP-mediated calcium response is observed with MRS2179. In contrast, MRS2211 attenuates ADP-mediated increase in [Ca2+]i in glial cells from cultures at both stages, suggesting the presence of P2Y13 receptors coupled to calcium mobilization in proliferating retinal glial progenitors in culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Jesus Jacques
- Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Program, Fluminense Federal University, Outeiro de São João Batista s/n, Centro, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro CEP 24020-141, Brazil
| | - Thayane Martins Silva
- Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Program, Fluminense Federal University, Outeiro de São João Batista s/n, Centro, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro CEP 24020-141, Brazil
| | - Flavia Emenegilda da Silva
- Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Program, Fluminense Federal University, Outeiro de São João Batista s/n, Centro, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro CEP 24020-141, Brazil
| | - Isis Moraes Ornelas
- Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Program, Fluminense Federal University, Outeiro de São João Batista s/n, Centro, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro CEP 24020-141, Brazil
| | - Ana Lucia Marques Ventura
- Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Program, Fluminense Federal University, Outeiro de São João Batista s/n, Centro, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro CEP 24020-141, Brazil.
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